Name : Andi Hikmah NIM : F22192010 The purpose of Need Analysis: “To collect information about a particular problem learners are experiencing”. (Jack C Richard, 2001: 52) In teaching language, every learner has their own problems, especially in learning English. They may have problem that cause the teaching learning process become ineffective. To solve this problem, teacher should do an analysis to know what the basic problem that learners are experiencing in order to make they are able to understand what they need, what their difficulties and what their suggestion in solving their problem. Mehmet (2015) stated that needs analysis is an important means of conducting research prior to designing and evaluating lessons/materials/syllabus and it helps draw a profile of students/course in order to determine and prioritize the needs for which students require English. When teacher know what the learners problem, it will be easy for him/her to design what kind of learning that he/she want to apply in the classroom. There are some situations shows us that need analysis in collect information about a particular learner’s problem is very important in teaching language. For example in teaching writing, learners may have different difficulties that must be known by teacher. The difficulties can cause by internal and external problems. The internal problem that commonly occurred is grammatical, capitalization, spelling, content, and problem of word choice. The external problem can be Lack of knowledge about writing stages, lack learner’s motivation and practice, and inadequate time or teachers’ feedback. These problems both internal and external should be analyzed by teacher before the teaching learning process begin, teacher needs to know what the learner’s need by asking their problem in writing. After collect the problem, teacher know what kind of appropriate teaching and learning materials will be taught to the students because “Needs to be understood as something that teachers can see and do as part of teaching” (Hedgcook and Ferris, 2009: 118). Related to this issue, when I conduct my research for my thesis in teaching speaking, I did an interview before conducting my research. After doing that, I can collect some information about student’s problem in speaking, why they were not fluent in speaking, why they were difficult to tell their opinion, and why they were not confidence when speak in front of the class. Therefor I can design the teaching learning process with appropriate method and material that can solve my student’s problem. I used problem solving method because the student’s problem generally unconfident to speak in front of the class so that this method is appropriate for them because they work in group. In that time, the school used Kurikulum 2013 as a trial for the teachers and students. So that I made lesson plan based on syllabus in Kurikulum 2013. One of the basic competences in the syllabus is analyzing social functions, text structure, and linguistic elements in expressing opinions and thoughts, according to the context of their use. I taught them giving opinion by using problem solving method and used audio visual as the media. I gave them theme about bullying and show them some cases about it. Thus they were interesting to discuss with their friend about the case. When they discuss in group, they feeling free to tell their opinion and they can correct each other about their friend pronunciation or asking their friend about vocabulary. Therefor this method is very appropriate for my students because it can solve their problem naturally. In this context, if I did not do an analysis by doing interview before conducting my research, I do not know what my students need based on their problem. Accordingly, Need analysis plays an important role in teaching language. It is important because through needs analysis teachers, learners, teaching materials, teaching procedures more directed. One of the purposes which are to collect information about a particular learner’s problem is the way to decide teacher’s action, because there are external problem faced by learners that cannot be expressed by the students in the result of the test. Thus, teacher must do an analysis to identify the learner’s problem and know how the teaching learning process organizes. According to Richard (2001,p. 54) need analysis may take place prior to, during or after a language program, it means that as long as the target learning have not been reached,teacher can still analyze the learner’s need so that it can be a specific ground for future development of the academic activities. References Hedgcock, J.S. & Ferris, D.R. (2009). Teaching Readers of English: Students, Texts, and Context. New York: Rutledge. Novariana,S., Sumardi, Tarjana,S.S, (2018). Senior High School Students’ Problems in Writing: Proceedings – (ELLiC Proceedings Vol. 2, 2018). jurnal.animus.ac.id. Richards, J. (2001). Curriculum Development in Language, Teaching.Cambridge: Cambridge University Press Ürün, M.F, Yarar,G. (2015). A Study on Needs Analysis in English Language Teaching: ECER 2015 Education and Transition. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mehmet_Ueruen
