Lesson 18

Lesson 18
Political and International Events
Kedadosan Intenasional lan Politik
This lesson will introduce you to:
- Vocabulary associated with politics and international issues
- How news is reported in Indonesia
- How to read and understand political events written in Javanese newspapers.
Indonesia is a republic and a unitary state, with a presidential system where the power is
concentrated with the national government. The President of Indonesia is directly elected for a
term of five years, and is the head of state, commander-in-chief of the Indonesian armed forces,
and responsible for domestic governance, policy-making and foreign affairs. The president
appoints a council of ministers, who are not required to be elected members of the legislature.
The highest legislative body is the People's Consultative Assembly (MPR), an umbrella
organization that consists of the People's Representative Council (DPR), and the Regional
Representatives Council (DPD). The DPR is the lower house and its 550 members are elected for
five-year terms on a proportional representation basis from each of Indonesia's 33 provinces. The
DPD is a new chamber coming into effect in 2004 and is charged with managing regional
representation within the central national government. Each province elects 4 members on a nonpartisan basis. The DPD does not have, however, the revising powers of an upper house such as
the United States Senate; rather it is restricted to bills concerning matters of regional
management.
The Supreme Court is the highest level of the judicial branch. Its judges are appointed by the
president. Each province has its own High Court.
Indonesia was internationally condemned for its invasion and annexation of East Timor in the
1970s, for alleged human rights violations throughout the subsequent occupation, and for the
military support of violent pro-integration militias following the 1999 independence referendum.
Under the administration of President Yudhoyono, a ceasefire agreement was reached with
separatists in Aceh in 2006, and in Papua there has been a significant, albeit imperfect,
implementation of regional autonomy laws, and a reported decline in the levels of violence and
human rights abuses.
Terrorism, linked to extreme Islamism, has been a critical challenge to the Indonesian
Government since 2000. The most deadly attack came in 2002, killing 202 people, including 164
international tourists, in the resort town of Kuta, Bali. These and subsequent attacks in Jakarta
and Bali have been linked to Al-Qaeda, and combined with travel warnings issued by a number
of countries, have severely damaged the country’s important tourist industry and the economy's
foreign investment prospects. In cooperation with other countries, the Government has achieved
substantial success in apprehending and prosecuting the perpetrators and also towards fracturing
their organizations, although terrorism is expected to be a major issue for Indonesia in the
foreseeable future.
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1. Familiarize yourself with the political terms.
Government
Prime minister
President
Leader
Dictator
Parliament
Ministry
Election
Officials
Political Party
Vote
Republic
State
Democracy
Democratic
Term of office
Policy
Human Rights
Religious
Racial
Radical
World
Conflict
War
Invade
Nuclear weapons
pemerintah
perdana mentri
presiden
pemimpin
diktator
parlemen
kementrian
pemilu
para pejabat
partai politik
nyoblos, milih
republik
negeri
demokrasi
demokrasi
mangsa jabatan
kabijakan
hak asasi manungsa (=menungsa)
agami
rasial
radikal
donya
masalah, persoalan
perang
njajah
senjata nuklir
2. Listen to and read the following statements. While reading, note the use of the
new vocabulary.
Iraqi leader
Russian officials
South African Government
Religious differences
Middle East conflict
The war in Iraq
Radical political party
Islamic fundamentalism
Pemimpin Irak
Pejabat-Pejabat Rusia
Pemeritah Afrika Kidul
Perbedaan agama, perbedaan agami
Masalah Timur Tengah
Perang Wonten Irak
Partai Politik Radikal
Fundametalisme Islam
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Note the use of new vocabulary in the following statements.
The President of the United States is George Bush.
Presiden Amerika Serikat George Bush.
Japan and Great Britain have prime ministers.
Jepang lan Inggris gadhah perdana mentri-perdana mentri.
This was the first political election in that country.
Puniko pemilu ingkang sepindah wonten negeri niku.
Human rights are a very important issue in the world today.
Hak asasi menungsa bab penting sanget wonten donya dinten puniko.
Cultural note: Media freedom in Indonesia increased considerably after the end of President
Suharto's rule, during which the now-defunct Ministry of Information monitored and controlled
domestic media and restricted foreign media. The number of printed publications has increased
significantly since 1998. There are hundreds of new magazines, newspapers, and tabloids. The
television market has expanded to include some 10 national commercial networks, which
compete with the public TVRI. Some provinces also operate their own stations. Private radio
stations carry their own news bulletins and foreign broadcasters can supply programs. The radio
dial is crowded, with scores of stations on the air in Jakarta alone. In 2003 the authorities
reported that more than 2,000 illegal TV and radio stations were broadcasting across the country.
The government urged them to apply for licenses, or face closure.
3. Listen to and read the following news report from Indonesia. Then answer the
questions that follow. Check your work in the Answer Key.
Pemerintah janji badhe ngrampungaken masalah hak asasi manungsa dipitakenaken
Aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa sampun ngutuk pemerintah ingkang taksih kirang
komitmenipun kangge ngrampungi masalah kasus-kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa lan
ndesak supados pemerintah ngasilaken rencana ingkang jelas.
“Pemerintah mboten gadhahi pandangan ingkang jelas badhe dateng pundhi arahipun kasuskasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa. Kita kedhah ngelingaken Yudhoyono menawi
pemerintahan piyambakipun kedhah tegas lan jelas anggenipun mrantasi kasus-kasus puniko,”
ahli hukum senior Adnan Buyung Nasution ngendikan dinten Jemuah.
1. Punopo ingkang dipitakenanken kaliyan aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa?
2. Aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa nindakaken punapa?
3. Miturut aktifis-aktifis hak asasi manungsa Pemerintah mboten gadhahi punapa?
4. Sinten nami Presiden Indonesia sak punika?
5. Sinten Adnan Buyung Nasution?
6. Dinten punapa Adnan Buyung Nasution ngendikan?
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4. Work in small groups. Pretend that you are a crew working for a news program.
Come up with a short description of a political event. Use the questions from Exercise 3 as
an outline for your report.
5. Work in a small group or with a partner. Go over the information on the political
system in Indonesia one more time. Recall the information in Javanese. Report to your
teacher and to the class.
International Geography
6. Read the information about Indonesia. Answer the questions and then check your work
in the Answer Key.
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Coat of Arms:
Garuda
Motto:
Bhinneka Tunggal Ika (Old Javanese: Unity in Diversity)
National ideology:
Pancasila
Anthem:
Indonesia Raya
Capital (and largest city): Jakarta
Location:
6°08′S 106°45′E
Official language:
Indonesian
Government:
Republic
- President:
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono
- Vice President:
Jusuf Kalla
Independence (former Netherlands colony):
- Declared
17 August 1945
- Recognized
27 December 1949
Area:
- Total
1,904,569 km² (16th) 735,355 sq mi
- Water
(%) 4.85
Population:
- 2005 estimate
222,781,000 (4th)
- 2000 census
206,264,595
- Density
117/km² (84th) 303/sq mi
GDP (PPP) 2005 estimate:
- Total
$977.4 billion (15th)
- Per capita
$4,458[1] (110th)
Currency:
Rupiah (IDR)
Questions:
Punopo werni bendera Indonesia?
Punopo lambang negeri Indonesia?
Punopo nami arto wonten Indonesia?
Punopa nami kuta ingkang paling ageng wonten Indonesia?
Negeri punopa ingkang njajah Indonesia 350 tahun?
Punopo basa resmi wonten Indonesia?
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7. Listen to the speaker and follow along in your book.
Afghanistan/Afghani
Canada/Canadian
China/Chinese
Denmark/Danes
Egypt/Egyptian
England/English
Finland/Finns
France/French
Germany/German
Great Britain/British
India/Indian
Indonesia/Indonesian
Iran/Iranian
Iraq/Iraqi
Ireland/Irish
Israel/Israeli
Italy/Italian
Japan/Japanese
Jordan/Jordanian
Korea/Korean
Kuwait/Kuwaiti
Mexico/Mexican
Netherlands/Dutch
Norway/Norwegian
Pakistan/Pakistani
Philippines/Filipino
Russia/Russian
Saudi Arabia/Saudi
Scotland/Scot
South Africa/South African
Spain/Spanish
Sweden/Swede
Syria/Syrian
Thailand/Thai
Vietnam/Vietnamese
North America
Central America
South America
Western Europe
Central Europe
Eastern Europe
Middle East
Southwest Asia
Afghanistan/Tiyang Afghanistan
Kanada/ Tiyang Kanada
Cinten, Tiongkok/ Tiyang Cinten, Tiongkok
Denmark/ Tiyang Denmark
Mesir/ Tiyang Mesir
Inggeris/ Tiyang Inggeris
Finlandia/ Tiyang Finlandia
Perancis/ Tiyang Perancis
Jerman/ Tiyang Jerman
Inggeris/ Tiyang Inggeris
India/ Tiyang India
Indonesia/ Tiyang Indonesia
Iran/ Tiyang Iran
Irak/ Tiyang Irak
Irlandia/ Tiyang Irlandia
Israel/ Tiyang Israel
Italia/ Tiyang Italia
Jepang/ Tiyang Jepang
Yordania/ Tiyang Yordania
Korea/ Tiyang Korea
Kuwait/ Tiyang Kuwait
Meksiko/ Tiyang Meksiko
Belanda/ Tiyang Belanda
Norwegia/ Tiyang Norwegia
Pakistan/ Tiyang Pakistan
Pilipina/ Tiyang Pilipina
Rusia/ Tiyang Rusia
Arab Saudi/ Tiyang Arab Saudi
Skotlandia/ Tiyang Skotlandia
Afrika Kidul/ Tiyang Afrika Kidul
Sepanyol/ Tiyang Sepanyol
Swedia/ Tiyang Swedia
Siria/ Tiyang Siria
Thailand/ Tiyang Thailand
Vietnam/ Tiyang Vietnam
Amerika Ler
Amerika Tengah
Amerika Kidul
Eropa Kilen
Eropa Tengah
Eropa Wetan
Timur Tengah
Asia Kidul Kilen
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Southeast Asia
Africa
Australia
Eastern Asia
Arctic
Antarctica
Pacific Rim
Asia Kidul Wetan
Afrika
Australia
Asia Wetan
Kutub
Antartika
Wilayah Pasifik
Grammar note:
To indicate a person of a certain county, Javanese say “tiyang” to mean “a person.” For example:
“tiyang Amerika” = “an American (person).”
To indicate a language of a certain country, Javanese will add “basa” to mean “language.”
For example: “basa Inggeris” = “English language.”
8. Listen to and read the dialogues about nationality. Note the ways to determine
one’s nationality.
Are you from Syria?
Punopo panjenengan saking (=asli) Siria?
No, I’m from Egypt. I’m an Egyptian.
Sanes, kula saking (=asli)g Mesir, Kula tiyang Mesir.
Are you American?
Punopo panjenengan tiyang Amerika?
No, I’m Canadian.
Sanes, kula tiyang Kanada.
What are you?
Panjenenang tiyang punopo?
I’m Vietnamese.
Kula tiyang Vietnam.
Where are you from?
Panjenengan saking (=asli) pundi?
I’m from India. I’m Indian.
Kula saking (=asli) India, Kula tiyang India.
Are you Indonesian?
Punopo panjenengan tiyang Indonesia?
Yes, I’m Indonesian. I live in Jakarta.
Inggih, kula tiyang Indonesia. Kula manggen wonten
Jakarta.
Are you from Afghanistan?
Punopo panjenengan saking (=asli)
Afghanistan?
I live in Afghanistan, but I am Pakistani.
Kula manggen wonten Afghanistan, nanging kula tiyang
Pakistan.
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9. Create questions in Javanese that are appropriate to the answers provided. Check your
work with the Answer Key.
1. …………………………..?
Yes, I’m Vietnamese.
Inggih, kula tiyang Vietnam.
2. ……………………………?
No, I’m not American. I’m Canadian.
Sanes, kula sanes tiyang Amerika. Kula tiyang Kanada.
3. …………… or ……………..?
I live in Pakistan, but I’m Afghani.
Kula manggen wonten Pakistan, nanging kula tiyang Afghanistan.
4. ……………………………..?
Yes, we are Iraqis.
Inggih, kita tiyang Irak.
10. What do you hear? Write down the word that you hear. Check your answers
with the Answer Key.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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End-of-Lesson Tasks
1. Translate the following headlines into English. Check your work with the Answer Key.
1. Jugruge Idheologi Kepemimpinan Jawa
2. Sepi ing Gawe Rame in Pamrih.
3. Presiden Nyuwun Supados Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dipunpathui
4. Dinten Anti Korupsi wonten Pengadilan Ingggil Indonesia
5. Mboten wontenipun keadilan dados sumberipun masalah agama
2. Work with a partner or in a small group. From the list of the countries above, choose
one and give a briefing on its location and political system. Pretend that you are giving a
press conference. Your classmates will role-play the news reporters by asking you
questions.
The following questions may help you in your work:
1. Does this country have a president? Who is the current president?
2. How many political parties are there in this country?
3. Is there a war in this country now?
4. Does this country have a parliament?
5. Is there a democracy in this country?
6. Does this country have a prime minister?
7. Is the leader of this country a dictator?
8. Is this country a republic?
9. What is a specific geographical feature of this country?
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Vocabulary List
Conflict
Democracy
Dictator
Dispute
Election
Government
Human Rights
Invade/invasion
Leader
Ministry
Nuclear weapons
Official
Parliament
Policy
Political Party
President
Prime minister
Racial
Radical
Religious
Republic
State
Term of office
To kill
To vote
To invade
War
World
Konflik
Demokrasi
Diktator
Sengketa
Pemilihan Umum, Pemilu
Pemerintah
Hak Asasi Manungsa (Menungsa)
Njajah
Pempimpin, Ketua
Mentri
Senjata Nuklir
Pejabat, Penggedhe
Parlemen
Kabijakan
Partai Politik
Presiden
Perdana Mentri
Rasial, kesukuan
Radikal
Agama, Agami
Republik
Negeri, Negara
Mangsa Jabatan
Mejahi, Mateni
Nyoblos
Njajah
Perang
Donya
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ANSWER KEY
Exercise 3
Govt pledge to settle rights abuses questioned
Ary Hermawan and Ridwan Max Sijabat, The Jakarta Post, Jakarta
Rights activists have condemned the government for its lack of commitment to settling
unresolved human rights abuse cases and urged it to set a clear-cut agenda.
"The government has no clear vision as to where rights abuse cases may lead. We must remind
Yudhoyono that his administration has to be strict and clear in dealing with the issue," senior
lawyer Adnan Buyung Nasution said Friday.
Questions:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is being questioned by the human rights activists?
What do the activists do?
According to the activist, what does the government not have?
What is the name of the Indonesian President?
Who is Adnan Buyung Nasution?
When did Adnan Buyung Nasution express his concern?
Answers:
1. Its lack of commitment to settle unresolved human rights abuse cases.
2. They urged the government to set a clear-cut agenda.
3. The government has no clear vision as to where rights abuse cases may lead.
4. Yudhoyono
5. Senior lawyer
6. Friday
1. Pemerintah kirang komitmenipun kangge ngrampungi masalah kasus-kasus pelanggaran hak
asasi manungsa.
2. Aktifis-aktifis punika ndesak supados pemerintah ngasilaken rencana ingkang jelas.
3. Pemerintah mboten gadhahi pandangan ingkang jelas badhe dateng pundhi arahipun kasuskasus pelanggaran hak asasi manungsa.
4. Yudhoyono
5. Ahli hukum senior
6. Dinten Jemuah
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Exercise 6
Punopo werni bendera Indonesia? Abrit lan Pethak.
(What are the colors of the Indonesian flag? Red and White)
Punopo lambang negeri Indonesia? Garuda
(What the Indonesian’s coat of arms? Garuda)
Punopo nami arto wonten Indonesia? Rupiah
(What’s the name of the currency in Indonesia? Rupiah)
Punopa nami kuta ingkang paling ageng wonten Indonesia? Jakarta
(What’s the name of the largest city in Indonesia? Jakarta)
Negeri punopa ingkang njajah Indonesia 350 tahun? Belanda
(What country occupied/invaded Indonesia for 350 years? The Netherlands)
Punopo basa resmi wonten Indonesia? Basa Indonesia
(What is the formal language in Indonesia? Indonesian)
Exercise 9
1. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Vietnam?
2. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Amerika?
3. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Pakistan?
4. Punapa panjenengan tiyang Irak?
Exercise 10
1. India
2. England
3. Indonesia
4. Israel
5. Russia
India
Inggeris
Indonesia
Isreal
Rusia
End of Lesson
Exercise 1
1. Jugruge Idheologi Kepemimpinan Jawa
(The Downfall of the Javanese Leadership Ideology)
2. Sepi ing Gawe Rame in Pamrih.
(Ask for more than what you can give)
3. Presiden Nyuwun Supados Undang-Undang Perkawinan Dipunpathui
(President Urged that Marriage Laws be Upheld)
4. Dinten Anti Korupsi wonten Pengadilan Ingggil Indonesia)
(Anticorruption day in the Indonesian Supreme Court)
5. Mboten wontenipun keadilan dados sumberipun masalah agama
(Injustice the source of religious conflict)
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