tanah inceptisols

BAHAN KAJIAN
MK. DASAR ILMU TANAH
TANAH
INCEPTISOLS
Inceptisols (from Latin inceptum, "beginning") are soils that exhibit minimal
horizon development.
Inceptisols are divided into 7 suborders: Aquepts, Anthrepts, Gelepts, Cryepts,
Ustepts, Xerepts, and Udepts.
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
IKHTISAR:
1. Vegetasi : Tidak spesifik
2. Iklim: Beragam iklim, tidak termasuk arid
3. Soil moisture regime: variety of soil
moisture regimes except aridic
4. Ciri penting tanah: Sedikit sifat
diagnostik
5. Diagnostic horizons: cambic but no
spodic, argillic, kandic, natric, and oxic
horizon
6. Epipedon: ochric, umbric, histic, or
plaggen (mollic)
7. Proses utama: Pergerakan massa, erosi
tanah, deposisi
8. Karakteristik: Kondisi lingkungan
menghambat proses pembentukan tanah
Inceptisols
Tanah-tanah embrionik dnegan sedikit saja
sifat pencirinya
1. Glacial deposits
2. Recent deposits in valleys or deltas
3. Most Inceptisols occur on geologically
young sediments (e.g. alluvium,
colluvium, loess)
4. Bahan induk yang sangat-berkapur atau
resisten terhadap pelapukan dapat
menghambat perkembangan tanah,
tetapi cocok bagi perkembangan
Inceptisols
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
CoMMON FACTORS
1. Bahan induk resisten
2. Acidic Till (glacial till origin with high acid
content)
3. Lereng curam atau depresi
4. Asal-usulnya Recent, seringkali post-glacial.
5. Beragam kondisi iklim
6. May succession and be moving toward a spodosol
or ultisol
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TANAH INCEPTISOLS
KONDISI LINGKUNGAN
IKLIM -Climate:
Inceptisols berkembang pada beragam kondisi iklim, kecuali kondisi ARIDIK. Rezim lengastanah juga beragam, mulai dari tanah-tanah yg drainagenya buruk hingga tanah-tanah yg
drainagenya bagus pada lereng-lereng curam.
By definition, Inceptisols cannot have an aridic soil moisture regime. Climate which
inhibits soil development such as low temperatures or low precipitation favors the
development of Inceptisols. The suborder of Aquepts requires higher soil moisture
conditions compared to the other suborders of Inceptisols.
Vegetasi
Inceptisols ditemukan pada ekosistem hutan, padang rumput dan lahan pertanian.
Kebanyaka Inceptisols ditemukan pada kondisi ekosistem hutan.
Beberapa Inceptisols (Umbrepts) mungkin berkembang pada vegetasi prairie.
Penggunaan tanah pada saat sekarang mungkin dibatasi oleh solum yang tipis (mis. Pada
lereng-lereng curam) atau oleh drainage yang buruk (mis. Di daerah depresi). Inceptisols
cocok untuk kehutanan atau cagar alam.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Relief:
Kebanyakan Inceptisols berkembang pada lereng-lerang curam, dimana erosi
tanah telah mengangkut sebagian topsoil secara kontinyu.
Other Inceptisols are formed on convex toeslope areas where slope is level to
gently rolling. These Inceptisols develop in deep colluvium where sediment has
been / is deposited.
BAHAN INDUK - Parent Material:
Inceptisols banyak ditemukan di daerah-daerah deposit-glasial atau pada
deposit-muda di lembah-lembagh atau delta. Where they occupy upland
positions on young geomorphic surfaces, both primary and secondary minerals
are present.
Most Inceptisols are present on geologically young sediments (e.g. alluvium,
colluvium, loess).
Bahan induk yang snagat berkapur atau resisten terhadap pelapukan dapat
menghambat perkembangan tanah, tetapi kondisi ini cocok bagi perkembangan
Inceptisols.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
WAKTU - Time:
Kebanyakan Inceptisols berkembang pada lanskap muda (<
Holocene), dimana waktu membatasi perkembangan penciri tanah.
There are Inceptisols where the solum is permanently altered by
loss of soil particles due to erosion or by the deposition of soil
particles. These processes might be acting smooth but continuously
or sporadically in space and time.
Di daerah tropis, laju perkembangan Inceptisols menjadi ordo
tanah lainnya , lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan di daerah
temperate dan dingin, proses perkembangan tanah ini juga
dihambat oleh lambatnya pelapukan batuan resisten.
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TANAH INCEPTISOLS
PROSES PEMBENTUKAN - GENESIS
Virtually many pedogenic processes are active to some extent in Inceptisol profiles but
none predominates. The genesis of Inceptisols includes multiple pathways depending on
the processes occuring on a given landscape and geographic area. Environmental factors
can slow down weathering (e.g. low temperatures, low precipitation, or resistant parent
material) and soil development to form other soil orders is retarded or even inhibited.
Erosi tanah pada lereng curam dapat mengubah topsoil secara ekstrim. Kalaiu erosi telah
meratakan lereng, laju erosi menjadi lambat dan ciri pedogenik lebih tampak seperti
horison argilik. Biasanya Inceptisols berkembang pada bahan induk yang ada di bagiamn
bawahnya, karena erosi telah mengikis bentang lahan dan mengangkut material tanah.
Periode waktu yang panjang dan laju erosi yang intensif diperlukan bagi
perkembangan Inceptisol pada lereng yg curam (tanah tipis, horison AC) untuk
berkembang lebih lanjut (profil tanah yang dalam, horison ABC).
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
PROSES GENESIS
Inceptisols juga berkembang pada material colluvium di bagian bawah dari lereng-lereng
yang curam. Proses-proses yang membentuk material koluvium adalah pergerakan massa,
soil creep (peregrakan massa tanah), dan deposisi. Karena proses-proses “hillslope” dan
pelapukan, ciri-ciri mofologis terbentuk dan rusak secara terus-menerus.
Inceptisols may be also found on alluvial deposits where temporary flooding alters the
soil profile due to the deposition of soil particles on the soil surface and the soil profile
becomes saturated. For example, Inceptisols in the southern Mississippi River Valey are
developed on alluvial deposits.
Tabel-air yang dekat dengan permukaan mendorong proses-proses reduksi oksida besi
dan oksida aluminium.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
PROSES GENESIS
Pada zone depresi atau dasar-dasar lembah ditemukan inceptisols yg drainagenya buruk
dimana proses gleizasi menghasilkan ciri redoximorphic. Di lokasi-lokasi yang pencucian
lebih intensif, tetapi proses lessivage dan perkembangan horison argilik agak terhambat,
mungkin karena tanah tidak sering mengalami pengeringan. Di daerah batuan masam,
tanah-tanah yg berkembang pada depresi lanskap cenderung lebih tercuci dan kandungan
basanya lebih rendah dibandingkan dnegan tanah-tanah di sekitarnya.
In landscapes of high base status soils, the associated poorly drained Inceptisols in
depression areas usually have higher base status than the surrounding soils. This can be
attributed to the enrichment of the low-lying parts of the landscape by lateral processes
such as transport of bases attached to soil particles, in surface runoff, or lateral
subsurface flow. In some materials saturated with brackish water sulfides may accumulate
and sulfuric horizons may be formed.
Kalau mengalami oksidasi, biasanya oleh adanya drainage buatan, terbentuklah asam
sulfat. Tanah-tanah Inceptisols yang unik ini lazim dikenal sebagai 'cat-clays'.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
PROSES GENESIS
Dekomposisi, humifikasi, dan mineralisasi menghasilkan akumulasi
bahan organik.
Kandungan bahan organik tanah lebih tinggi pada subordo
Umbrepts dan Aquepts dibandingkan dengan Ochrepts.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
CIRI-CIRI - Properties
Horison pencirinya KAMBIK bawah-permukaan, terdiri atas pasir sangat halus, pasir halus
berlempung atau tekstur yg lebih halus, dengan beberapa indikasi lemah horison argilik
atau spodik, tetapi belum memenuhi kriteria argilik atau spodik.
Typically, these soils have an ochric or umbric epipedon over a cambic horizon. The ochric
epipedon is generally a light-colored, low organic matter horizon. The umbric epipedon is
similar to the mollic epipedon except for having a base saturation less than 50 %. Some
poorly drained Inceptisols have a histic epipedon where organic matter content is high.
Soils with mollic epipedons are Inceptisols when base saturation at pH 7 is less than 50 %
in some horizon between the mollic epipedon and a depth of 180 cm or a lithic or
paralithic contact if shallower.
Inceptisols tipis/dangkal , hanya sedikti horison, mis. AC, AR atau ABC.
Perkembangan struktur tanah lemah karena adanya erosi.
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Inceptisols
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Bahan induknya bermacam-macam
Occur on any slope or land form
From flood plains to mountain tops
Any soil moisture regime except aridic
and torric
Any soil temperature regime except
permafrost
Umurnya beragam, mulai dari muda
hingga sangat tua
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INCEPTISOLS
1. Lapisan
horisonnya
belum
berkembang
dengan baik
2. Perkembangan
horison masih
minim
3. Tanah-tanah
muda
Inceptisol adalah tanah muda dan mulai berkembang.
Profilnya mempunyai horizon yang pembentukannya
agak lambat sebagai hasil alterasi bahan induk.
Horizon-horizonnya tidak memperlihatkan hasil
pelapukan yang intensif. Horizon akumulasi liat dan
oksida-oksida besi & aluminium yang jelas tidak ada
pada tanah ini.
Profil nya lebih berkembang dibandingkan dengan
entisol. Tanah-tanah yang dulunya dikelaskan sebagai
hutan coklat, andosol dan tanah coklat dapat
dimasukkan ke dalam Inceptisol
Kebanyakan Inceptisol memiliki kambik. Horizon B
yang mengalami proses- proses genesis tanah seperti
fisik, biologi, kimia dan proses pelapukan mineral.
Perubahan ini menghasilkan struktur kubus atau
gumpal bersudut.
Diunduh dari: http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanahinseptisol/ ………….. 27/2/2013
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
Four major concentration settings
1. Daerah-daerah dingin
2. Daerah-daerah kering
(ustik dan terik)
3. Lahan-basah =
Wetlands
4. Geographically young
surfaces (floodplains,
glacial deposits, steep
or highly erosive
slopes, volcanic
deposits)
Inceptisol dapat berkembang dari bahan
induk batuan beku, sedimen, metamorf.
Karena Inceptisol merupakan tanah yang baru
berkembang biasanya mempunyai tekstur
yang beragam dari kasar hingga halus, dalam
hal ini dapat tergantung pada tingkat
pelapukan bahan induknya. Bentuk wilayah
beragam dari berombak hingga bergunung.
Kesuburan tanahnya rendah, jeluk efektifnya
beragam dari dari dangkal hingga dalam. Di
dataran rendah pada umumnya tebal,
sedangkan pada daerah-daerah lereng curam
solumnya tipis.
Pada tanah berlereng cocok untuk tanaman
tahunan atau untuk menjaga kelestarian
tanah.
Diunduh dari:
http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanahinseptisol/ ………….. 27/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Inceptisols are young soils that are more developed than entisols.
These soils are found in arctic tundra environments, glacial
deposits, and relatively recent deposits of stream alluvium.
Common characteristics of recognition include immature
development of eluviation in the A horizon and illuviation in the B
horizon.
Diunduh dari: http://www.chacha.com/question/what-characteristic-is-shared-by-both-inceptisols-and-entails-,-the-soilsof-food-plains ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Inceptisols:
Dicirikan oleh epipedon okhrik dan “incipient” perkembangan
horison B (Kambik - Bw)
Subordo:
Aquepts - menunjukkan ciri-ciri basah
Anthrepts – epipedon anthropic atau plaggen
Cryepts – rezim suhu tanah cryic
Ustepts - rezim lengas tanah USTIK
Xerepts - rezim lenga stanah XERIK
Udepts - Inceptisols lainnya (mis. Rezim lengas tanah UDIK).
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SUB-ORDO PADA INCEPTISOLS
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Subordo yang dominan
1.
Anthrepts adalah inceptisols yang drainagenya bagus, yang
mempunyai epipedon anthropik atau plaggen.
2.
Aquepts adalah Inceptisols yang basah. Drainage alamiahnya jelek
atau sangat jelek, dan , kalau tanah tidak mengalami drainage
buatan, groundwater berada dekat permukaan selama periode
tertentu selama setahun , tetapi tidak sepanjang musim. Banyak
tanah ini berkembang pada vegetasi hutan, tetapi juga ditemukan
pada beragam vegetasi. Aquepts digunakan untuk lahan pertanian,
pasture, hutan atau cagar alam.
3.
Cryepts are the cold Inceptisols of high mountains or high latitudes.
They are mostly in the high mountains of the West as well as
southern Alaska. The vegetation is mostly conifers or mixed conifers
and hardwoods. Most are used as forest or wildlife habitat. Some of
the soils, mostly those in Alaska, are used as cropland.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
Subordo yang dominan
1.
Udepts are mainly freely drained Inceptisols that have a udic or perudic moisture
regime. They are most extensive in the Appalachian Mountains, on the Allegheny
Plateau, in northeastern Minnesota, and in Oregon. Most of the soils currently
support or formerly supported forest vegetation, but some support shrub or grass
vegetation. Vegetasinya kebanyakan hutan konifer dan hutan campuran kayu-keras.
Kebanyakan tanah ini dikelola sebagai hutan atau telah dibuka untuk lahan pertanian
atau pasture.
2.
Ustepts adalah inceptisols yang drainagenya bagus mempunyai rezim air-tanah
Ustik. Vegetasi alamiahnya biasanya berupa rumput, tetapi beberapa atanah
didukung oleh vegetasi pohon. Kebanyakan Ustepts dikelola sebagai lahan pertanian
atau pasture.
3.
Xerepts are mainly freely drained Inceptisols that have a xeric moisture regime. They
are in the western part of the United States, mostly in California, Oregon, and
Washington. The native vegetation commonly was coniferous forest on the soils with
a frigid or mesic temperature regime and shrubs, grasses, and widely spaced trees on
the soils with a thermic temperature regime. Most Xerepts are used as forest,
cropland, or pasture. Some are used as rangeland or wildlife habitat.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
KLASIFIKASI - Classification
Persyaratan untuk memenuhi kriteria Inceptisol adalah:
1. Biasanya ada horison penciri KAMBIK, tetapi tidak ada horison spodic, argillic, kandic,
natric, atau oksik.
2. Subsoilnya kurang berkembang, tetapi mempunyai epipedon umbric, histic, atau
plaggen
3. Tekstur tanah: tanah-tanah mineral berlempung atau lebih halus
4. They exhibit profile development sufficient to exclude them from Entisols but lack
features though to represent mature soil formation
5. Tidak ada ciri-ciri ANDIK dalam lapisan lebih tebal 35 cm di dalam 60 cm zone
permukaan.
6. Rezim air-tanah ARIDIK biasanya tidak ada
7. Subordo dalam Inceptisols dibedakan oleh rezim lengas tanah, epipedon, dan rezim
suhu tanah.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Aquepts:
They show redoximorphic features and are saturated with water at some period in the year.
Aquepts usually have cambic horizons and commonly in the US, they have fragipans. Aquepts
are found in the Flood Plains of the Mississippi River Valley, the lacustrine regions in the
Midwest, and the lower Coastal Plain along the Atlantic and Gulf Coast.
Plaggepts:
They have dark brown or black plaggen epipedons. Plaggepts were formed by anthropic activity
mainly in Europe and are of small extent.
Tropepts:
Tanah-tanah ini berkembang pada kondisi resim suhu tanah ISOMESIK atau ISO yang lebih
hangat.
Ochrepts:
They have an ochric epipedon or if their soil temperature regime is mesic or warmer they have
thin (< 25 cm) mollic or umbric epipedons. Their soil organic matter content is low.
Umbrepts:
Tanah ini mempunyai epipedon umbric, mollic, atau anthropik. Tanah ini drainagenya bagus,
masam, kemerahan gelap atau kecoklatan, dan kaya bahan organik..
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Ciri tanah, resim suh dan rezim air, membedakan great groups dan subgroups yang ada
dalam Inceptisols.
Contoh-contoh yang ada pada Ordo Inceptisol adalah: suhu tanah Cryic atau pergelic
(mis. Cryaquepts), rezim air-tanah USTIK (mis. Ustochrepts, Ustic Humitropepts), dan
rezim air-tanah ARIDIK (mis. Aridic Ustochrepts).
A sulfuric horizon is considered on the great group (e.g. Sulfaquepts) and subgroup level
(e.g. Sulfic Cryaquepts).
The presence of a fragipan (e.g. Fragiaquepts, Fragic Epiaquepts, or Fragic Xerochrepts), a
duripan (e.g. Durochrepts), or plinthite (e.g. Plinthaquepts) are considered.
Carbonates within the soil profile of Inceptisols or a high base status define the
Eutrochrepts.
Inceptisols low in bases are common on the great group level (e.g. Dystropepts) and on
the subgroup level (e.g. Dystric Eutrochrepts, Dystric Xerochrepts).
Shallow soil profiles are found in several subgroups, for instance, Lithic Ustochrepts,
Lithic Cryaquepts, and Lithic Endoquepts.
Karakteristik VERTIK , seperti retakan dan sifat mengembang dati komponen mineraltanah mendefinisikan beberapa subgroups dari Inceptisols (mis. Vertic Ustochrepts,
Vertic Eutrochrepts, atau Vertic Humitropepts).
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Bahan induk Fluvial ditemukan pada beberapa subgroups,
misalnya, Fluventic Humitropepts, Fluventic Ustochrepts, atau
Fluventic Xerumbrepts.
Inceptisols terbentuk pada bahan induk volcanik (mis. volcanic
glass) yang tidak memenuhi kriteria Ordo Andisol , dicirikan oleh
unsur-formatif 'vitrandic' (mis. Vitrandic Humitropepts, Vitrandic
Durochrepts) atau 'andic' kalau fraksi halus mempunyai bobot isi
1.0 g/cm3 atau kurang (mis. Andic Durochrepts, Andic
Fragiochrepts).
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Karakteristik PENCIRI
Inceptisols MELIPUTI TANAH-TANAH YANG mempunyai sedikit perkembangan
subsoil, tetapi tidak mempunyai ciri-ciri ordo tanah lainnya.
They are excluded from the Aridisol order by soil moisture regime, from the
Vertisol order by lack of argillipedoturbative features, and from the Andisol
order by andic parent material.
Di daerah iklim sedang dan semakin banyak hujan, terbentuklah Mollisols atau
Alfisols.
Di daerah iklim tropis dan subtropis terbentuklah Ultisols atau Oxisols.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Inceptisols adalah tanah-tanah di
lingkungan semiarid hingga humid yg
umumnya menunjukkan derajat pelapukan
dan perkembangan tanah yang moderat.
Karakteristik tanah ini snagat beragam dan
ditemukan pada berbagai kondisi iklim.
Inceptisol meliputi sekitar 17% permukaan
lahan dunia yang bebas es.
Diunduh dari: ………….. 25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Inceptisols mempunyai horison yg telah
mengalami perubahan, tetapi tidak cukup
lapuk untuk menjadi horison illuvial ( akhiran
“ept” berasal dari kata Latin “inceptum” yang
artinya “baru mulai”).
These are young or in the beginning stage of
soil formation. Many are shallow to bedrock,
or occur on steeply sloping land.
These soils occur in a wide range of
temperature and moisture environments. The
diagnostic features are the ochric epipedon
and cambic horizon.
Urutan horison biasanya A, Bw, C.
Diunduh dari:
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Profil tanah Inceptisol, menunjukkan sedikit
bukti akumulasi humus, liat atau minerals
untuk menjadi lapisan yang “distinct”.
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural
Resources Conservation Service, Soil Survey
Staff
Diunduh dari: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/19536/Inceptisol-soil-profile-showing-little-evidence-of-the-
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Profil Inceptisol pada posisi lanskap
deposisional yg drainagenya bagus di Republic
of China. Horison KAMBIK dnegan struktur
gumpal-bersudut yang kuat (kedalaman 20 - 60
cm).
On level, depositional surfaces the surface of
the soil moves upward at such a rate that
lessivage transfers of clay to the subsoil fail to
deposit sufficient clay within a specific
thickness to form an argillic or kandic horizon.
Inceptisols di lokasi seperti ini seringkali
warnanya gelap tetapi perkembangan struktur
blocky cukup baik untuk menjadi horison
KAMBIK.
Diunduh dari: http://courses.soil.ncsu.edu/ssc551/units/print/unit17.html ………………. 26/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
The central concept of Inceptisols is that of
soils of humid and subhumid regions that have
altered horizons that have lost bases or iron
and aluminum but retain some weatherable
minerals. They do not have an illuvial horizon
enriched with either silicate clay or with an
amorphous mixture of aluminum and organic
carbon.
Inceptisols mungkin mempunyai
banyak macam horison penciri, tetapi
tidak ada horison argillic, natric
kandic, spodic dan oxic.
Diunduh dari: http://soils.usda.gov/technical/classification/orders/inceptisols.html.... 26/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Di Michigan, Inceptisols berlokasi terutama di
lembah Saginaw dan dua daerah bagian timur
dari Upper-Peninsula.
Little eluviation or illuviation has taken place,
and the soils are characterized by poor
drainage and waterlogging. If drained
successfully, they can be productive-as in the
navy-bean-producing areas of the Saginaw
Valley.
Tanah ini berwarna kelabu, di bagian bawah
tanah, ada indikasi kondisi basah, dan "giveaway" bahwa tanah ini adalah Inceptisol.
Diunduh dari: ……………… http://www.geo.msu.edu/geogmich/inceptisols.html.
ORIGIN OF INCEPTISOLS
1. Banyak berhubungan dengan datraan banjir dan
tatanan deposisional lainnya.
2. Juga berhubungan dnegan lereng-lereng perbukitan
3. Common factor is terrain or history causes Young
soils, just beginning to develop soil profiles.
4. Seringkali basah, cocok untuk budidaya padi.
5. --
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Horison belum berkembang dg baik dan eksistensi bahan
induk
Diunduh masih
dari: …………..tampak
25/2/2013
TANAH INCEPTISOLS
Karakteristik tanah inceptisol adalah :
1. Memiliki solum tanah agak tebal, yaitu 1-2 meter
2. Warnanya hitam atau kelabu hingga coklat tua
3. Teksturnya debu, lempung berdebu, lempung
4. Struktur tanahnya remah, konsistensinya gembur,
pH 5,0 – 0,7
5. Kandungan bahan organik cukup tinggi, 10%-30%
6. Kandungan unsur hara : sedang hingga tinggi
7. Produktivitas tanah: sedang hingga tinggi.
Diunduh dari: http://blog.ub.ac.id/setiajunior/2012/04/28/tanah-inseptisol/ ……………….
Sucessional Relationships
Inceptisols
dapat
berkembang
menjadi
ultisols dan
spodosols
Inceptisol adalah tanah – tanah yang memiliki
epipedon okhrik dan horison albik seperti yang
dimiliki tanah entisol, juga menpunyai sifat
penciri lain ( misalnya horison kambik) tetapi
belum memenuhi syarat bagi ordo tanah lainnya.
Inceptisol adalah tanah yang belum matang
(immature), perkembangan profilnya lebih lemah
dibandingkan dengan tanah matang , dan masih
banyak menyerupai sifat bahan induknya
(Hardjowigeno,1993).
Diunduh dari: http://wahyuaskari.wordpress.com/literatur/tanah-inceptisol/ ………….. 25/2/2013
Contoh: Deskripsi Profil Tanah Inceptisol
Taksonomi tanah
Lokasi
Kemiringan
Elevasi
Bentul lahan
Bahan induk
Drainase
: Fluventic Ustropepts
: Desa Jambuwer, Kecamatan Kromengan
: 40%
: 300 m dpl
: Dataran
: Fluvent
: Sedang
Horison Ap (0-22 cm): Coklat sampai coklat tua (10 YR 4/3) lembab; liat; subangular blocky,
sedang, kuat; konsistensi teguh bila lembab; agak lekat dan agak plastis bila basah, keras bila
kering; pori mikro, pori meso, dan pori makro banyak; perakaran halus banyak, batas jelas dan
nyata.
Horison Bw1 (22-70 cm): Coklat (10 YR 4/2) lembab; liat; angular blocky, sedang , kuat;
konsistensi sangat teguh bila lembab, sangat lekat; sangat plastis bila basah, sangat keras bila
kering; pori mikro banyak, pori meso sedang, pori makro sedikit; batas kontinyu jelas dan
sedang.
Bw2 (70-120 cm): Coklat tua (10 YR 4/4), lembab; liat; angular blocky, sedang, kuat; konsistensi
sangat teguh bila lembab, sangat lekat, sangat plastis bila basah, sangat keras bila kering; pori
mikro banyak, pori meso sedang, pori makro sedikit; batas kontinyu jelas dan sedangh.
Diunduh dari: AGRITEK 8(4) Nop 2000 ………….. 27/2/2013
Hasil analisis contoh Tanah : Fluventic Ustropepts
Jenis
Kedalaman
pH H20
0-22 cm
6.98
pH KCI
7.45
70-120 cm
7.35
4.72
5.32
5.12
0.153
0.1274
0.0712
C- organik (%)
1.7283
0.9470
0.4474
P-Olsen (ppm)
6.1092
4.8874
2.1502
K-dd (cmol/kg)
0.4191
0.7413
0.681
Ca-dd (cmol./ kg)
7.8
8.85
6.75
Mg-dd (cmol /kg )
5.5
5.85
4.63
Na-dd (cmol/kg)
1.8455
1.9521
1.7526
KTK (cmol.kg~l)
33.14
29.93
25.95
Kejenuhan Basa (%)
47.11
58.11
47.72
Pasir (%)
20.11
25.64
25.14
Debu (%)
29.68
21.75
27.72
Liat (%)
50.21
52.60
47.14
Berat Isi (g /cm3)
1.168
1.253
1.297
Berat Jenis (g / cm3)
2.24
2.34
2.27
KHJ (cm /jam)
0.31
0.21
0.10
N- total (%)
22-70 cm
Tekstur tanah
Diunduh dari: AGRITEK 8(4) Nop 2000 ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
INFORMASI TENTANG LOKASI :
Soil Classification
:USDA (1990): Fine, mixed, thermic Family of Vertic Xerochrepts (JDEF)
FAO/UNESCO: CMv : Vertic Cambisol
Location
: W of side sample area 1/6
Coordinates
: Geographical : 35.91973 E/ 32.40582 N
Elevation
: 735 m asl
Landform
: Position: Lower slope
Land System
: 18/2(Undulating to rolling dissected limestone plateau on Ajlun/Balqa group)
Land Facet
: 5 (Vally floor on dissected limestone terrains )
Microrelief : Class
: Even (<25 cm)
Type
: other
Slope
: Sloping (9%) , concave to ESE
Land Use
: 1.1 Cereals
Plant /Crop
: Cereals
Climate: Mean annual precipitation:
Mean annual temperature
: Air : 16.4
° C / Soil (50cm)
: 19.3° C
Soil moisture regime
: Xeric
Precipitation zone
: 350-400 mm p.a.
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
INFORMASI UMUM TENTANG TANAH:
Geology : Unconsolidated alluvium: Limestone [q5 Fluv.deposits, sand, loess (Bender
1968)]
Parent Material
: Alluvium
Drainage
: Surface Runoff: Medium
Soil Drainage Class
: Well
Surface Cover
: Stones (15 %)
Surface Feature
: Litter (5 %)
Soil Surface Conditions
: Dry / Loose
Erosion
: Slight gully erosion
Soil Depth
: 200 cm +
Diagnostic Horizon or Property:
Vertic at 25 cm
Diunduh dari: ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
PROFILE DESCRIPTION:
0-5
cm
Brown (7.5 YR 4/4) dry and yellowish red (5 YR 4/6) moist; silty clayloam; moderate medium crumb; dry
slightly hard; moist very friable; moderately sticky; slightly plastic; comm on very fine (< 0.5 mm) tubular
pores; common very fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 5 % irregular hard lim estone fine gravel (2-5 mm);
moderate reaction to HCl; abrupt wavy boundary to:
5-25
cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; strong very coarse
angular blocky; dry very hard; moist friable; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; few very fine (< 0.5
mm) tubular pores; common fine (1-5 mm) vertical cracks; common very fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 2 %
irregular hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); weak thin clay coating; moderate reaction to HCl; diffuse
smooth boundary to:
25-80
cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; strong coarse
angular blocky breaking to strong coarse platy; dry very hard; moist friable; slightly sticky; moderately
plastic; common very fine (< 0.5 mm) tubular pores; common fine (1-5 mm) vertical cracks ; common very
fine (<1 mm) fibrous root; 4 % irregular hard limestone fine gravel (2-5 mm); moderately thin clay coating;
moderate reaction to HCl; diffuse smooth boundary to:
80-165 cm
Reddish brown (5 YR 4/4) dry and dark reddish brown (5 YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; very strong coarse
prismatic; dry very hard; moist friable; moderately sticky; moderately plastic; many fine (1-5 mm) vertical
cracks; few very fine (<1 mm) fibrous roots; 10 % irregular hard lime stone fine gravel (2-5 mm); strong
thick clay coating; strong reaction to HCl; clear wavy boundary to:
165200+
Brown (7.5 YR 4/4 ) moist; extremely stony clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry very hard ;
moist friable; moderately sticky; very plastic; common very fine (<1 mm) irregular cracks; few medium (2-5
mm) fibrous and woody roots; 60 % irregular hard limestone stones (75-25 0mm); moderate thin CaCO3
coating; violent reaction to HCl.
cm
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
INFORMASI TENTANG LOKASI :
Soil Classification: USDA (1990): Fine, mixed, calcareous, hyperthermic Family of Vertic Ustochrepts (JDDC)
FAO/UNESCO
: VR : Vertisol
Location
: 4.2km N of Shuna
Coordinates
: Geographical : 35.61391 E/ 32.64495 N
JTM
: 369964 E/ 613553 N
Elevation
: -200 m asl
Landform
: Position: Lower slope of plain
Land System
: 1/3 (Alluvial fans and terraces, piedmont fans)--1.3.2 [GIS]
Land Facet
: 2 (Gently sloping to flat alluvial fan)
Microrelief
: Class: Even (<25 cm)
Type: Slope: Gently sloping (2 % ) , rectilinear to SW
Land Use
: 1.9 Tilled
Plant /Crop:
Climate
:Mean annual precipitation:
Mean annual temperature: Air : 22.2
° C / Soil (50cm)
: 25.0° C
Soil moisture regime
: Ustic
Precipitation zone
: 350-400 mm p.a.
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
INFORMASI UMUM TENTANG TANAH:
Geology
: Unconsolidated alluvium [q5 Fluv.deposits,sand,loess( Bender 1968 )]
Parent Material : Alluvium
Drainage
: Surface Runoff: None
Soil Drainage Class: Imperfect
Surface Cover
: Gravel (10 %)
Surface Feature : Litter (5 %)
Soil Surface Conditions: Wet / Moderately hard
Erosion
: Nil
Soil Depth
: 180 cm +
Diagnostic Horizon or Property:
Cambic at 25 cm and Vertic at 50 cm
Diunduh dari: ………….. 27/2/2013
CONTOH DESKRIPSI PROFIL TANAH
PROFILE DESCRIPTION:
0-25
cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry moderately hard; moist
friable; very sticky; very plastic; common very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores ; common fine (1-2 mm)
fibrous roots; 3 % irregular hard limestone coarse gravel (20-75 mm); strong reaction to HCL; clear smooth
boundary to:
25-50
cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky; dry moderately hard; moist
friable; very sticky; very plastic; few (<2 %) small (<5 mm) distinct mottles (10YR 3/4) ; many very fine (<0.5
mm) tubular pores; common medium (2-5 mm) fibrous and woody roots ; 2 % irregular hard limestone
fine gravel (2-5 mm); weak thin organic matter coating of peds; strong reaction to HCL; clear smooth
boundary to:
50-93
cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clayloam; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to wedges;
dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 %) medium (5-15 mm) distinct
mottles (10YR 3/4); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; common large (>5 mm) fibrous and woody
roots; 2 % fragments; 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; strong reaction to HCL;
clear smooth boundary to:
93-126
cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to fine wedges; dry
moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 %) medium (5-15 mm) distinct
mottles (10YR 3/3); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; 1 % sub-rounded hard limestone fine gravel
(2-5 mm); 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; violent reaction to HCL; clear
smooth boundary to:
126180+
cm
Dark brown (7.5YR 3/4) moist; silty clay; moderate medium subangular blocky breaking to weak fine
wedges; dry moderately hard; moist friable; very sticky; very plastic; common (2-20 % ) small (<5 mm)
distinct mottles (10YR 3/3); many very fine (<0.5 mm) tubular pores; 1 % sub-rounded hard limes tone fine
gravel (2-5 mm); 1 % small (<5 mm) soft calcareous concretions; slickensides; violent reaction to HCL.
Diunduh dari: http://ag.arizona.edu/oals/IALC/jordansoils/_pdf/jordan_inceptisols.pdf ………….. 27/2/2013
INCEPTISOLS…..
Diunduh dari: smno.kampus.ub.nop2012