ANATOMI JANTUNG Didik S Atmojo, S.Kep.,Ns.,M.Kep 18/9/2017 Mortie;:onarytrunk 1 / Right pulmonary� · arteries Superior vena cava ------ ' Pulmonary semilunar valve Left pulmonary arteries Left pulmonary veins Fossa ovalis Opening of coronary sinus - - . &. . , , Z # - � -----H� --.... RIGHT ATRIUM Cusp of right AV (tricuspid) valve Cusp of left AV (bicuspid) valve Chordae tendineae Papillary muscles LEFT VENTRICLE Inferior vena cava lnterventricular septum Copyright© 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings JANTUNG ANATOMI • LETAK – – – – – – RONGGA DADA KIRI TERLINDUNG DINDING DADA UKURAN 12-14 x 8-9 x 6 cm BERAT 250-350 gm BASIS : Superior-posterior : C-II APEX : anterior-inferior ICS-V • 2 jari di bawah papila mamae • Bag ventrikel paling teba Heart Anatomy Figure 18.1 • Jumlah : 1 bh • Bentuk : spt buah mangga • Ukuran : sebesar tinju ( 250-300 gr) Tgt pada : - umur - jenis kelamin - TB - lemak epikardium - nutrisi : Tumpul ---- BASIS CORDIS • Atas • Bawah : runcing ---- APEX CORDIS Right� � � � � � lung LAPISAN JANTUNG 1. PERICARDIUM ( lapisan luar) - pembungkus jantung - dari jaringan ikat - Terdiri dari 2 lapisan : 1. Pericardium Parietalis (luar) 2. Pericardium Viseralis (dalam) - Diantara keduanya : RONGGA PERICARDIUM--- tdk berisi apa2 Pericardial Layers of the Heart 2. MYOCARDIUM (lap otot jantung) - lapisan tengah jantung - Terdiri dari 3 macam otot 1. otot atrium (tipis) 2. otot ventrikel ventrikel kiri >> tebal dari v kanan 3. otot serat khusus SEPTUM CORDIS (batas jantung kiri dan kanan) - 1 & 2 berkontraksi, 3 tdk (tpt rgs konduksi jantung - oto ventrikel lebih tebal dari atrium 3. ENDOKARDIUM - lapisan dalam jantung - terdiri dr jaringan epitel (endotel) - berhubungan langsung dengan ruang jantung Myocardium (heart muscle) shown in red Epicardium (Outer surface or myocardium) / Endocardium (Inner surface or myocardium) The Anatomy of the Heart The Heart Wall and Cardiac Muscle Tissue Parietal pericardium MYOCARDIUM (cardiac muscle tissue) � ------'i; : r-: -: : ""\ T"l Loose � -:--77'7;- connective tissue ' t : 1 ' 7 1 �- - - - - EPICARDIUM (visceral pericardium) Epithelium Loose connective} tissue ENDOCARDIUM Endothelium (a) Copyright© 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Figure 12-4(a) RUANGAN JANTUNG 1. 2. 3. 4. ATRIUM KANAN ATRIUM KIRI VENTRIKEL KANAN VENTRIKEL KIRI SEPTUM CORDIS : sekat jantung --pembatas jantung kiri dan kanan PADA JANIN - terdapat FORAMEN OVALE : lubang antara atrium kiri dan atrium kanan ---- shg darah atrium ka & ki bercampur - Foramen ovale akan menutup setelah bayi lahir/tali pusat dipotong --- paru2 berfungsi Myocardial Thickness and Function Thickness of myocardium varies according to the function of the chamber Atria are thin walled, deliver blood to adjacent ventricles Ventricle walls are much thicker and stronger – right ventricle supplies blood to the lungs (little flow resistance) – left ventricle wall is the thickest to supply systemic circulation Thickness of Cardiac Walls Myocardium of left ventricle is much thicker than the rig KATUP JANTUNG 1. KATUP MITRALIS - 2 daun katup - antara atrium kiri dg ventrikel kiri 2. KATUP TRIKUSPIDALIS - 3 daun katup - antara atrium kanan dg ventrikel kanan 3. KATUP SEMILUNARIS PULMONALIS - antara ventrikel kanan dg arteri pulmonalis 4. KATUP SEMILUNARIS AORTA - antara ventrikel kiri dg aorta ATRIOVENTRICULAR & SEMILUNAR VALVES Heart Valves Pulmonary valve Aortic valve .j...f/�12---- Area of cutaway !'I"--\-- Bicuspid valve . . . . . - - + - - Tr l c u s p l d v a l v e � ::>� =-----:---- Tricuspldvalve (right atrloventrlcular) -_ :� ,..;;.� - - Bicuspid (mlt ral) valve (left atrioventricular) . --:-:-,..----- Aortic semilunar --� valve ��/ - - - P u l m o n a r y - - - - semilunar lb) :c: valve Anterior Figure 18.8a, b Atrioventricular Valve Function (DBlood returning to----� the heart fills atria, ' ,--. putting pressure against atrioventrlcular valves; atrioventrlcular valves forced open @ A s ventricles fill, atrioventricular valve flaps hang limply into ventricles @Atria contract, forcing additional blood into ventricles ----Direction of blood flow ----Atrium � .;;..? - - - Cusp of atrioventrlcu lar valve ,•..._ 1 # 4 � ..._ - . \ - - - - C hPapillary ordae tendineae muscle Atrioventricular valve open (a) (D Vent ricles cont ract, forcing blood against atrioventricular valve cusps @Atrioventricular valves close @Papillary muscles----�a contract and chordae tendineae tighten, preventing valve flaps from everting into atria ----Atrium aiii;��:;::=.;z----Cusps of atrioventrlcu lar valve � --- Blood In ventricle Figure 18.9 Semilunar Valve Function Pulmonary--,n• artery As ventricles contract and intraventricular pressure rises, blood Is pushed up against semilunar valves, forcing them open As ventricles relax and lntraventricular pressure falls, blood flows back from arteries, filling the cusps of semilunar valves and forcing them to close Semllunar valve open Figure 18.10 Superior vena cava Right pulmo nary artery Aortic semilunar valve - - - - - - - - - - A o r t a r--� --- Left pulmonary arteries _ Pulmonary semilunar --+ valve R i g h t a t r i u m- - - - - • Bicuspid valve Tricuspid valve - - - - - - - 4 - = Papillary muscles • ----- Right ventricle ------- Inferior vena cava (a) Body tissues (systemic circulation) �- - (b) Lung tissue (pulmonary circulation) Aorta Left atrium Pulmonar y veins PEMBULUH DARAH PD JANTUNG A. MASUK KE JANTUNG 1. vena cava - masuk ke atrium kanan dari seluruh tubuh - vena cava superior dan inferior - kaya CO2 2. vena pulmonalis - masuk ke atrium kiri dari paru-paru - kaya O2 B. KELUAR DR JANTUNG 1. aorta(Brachiocephalic,Left common carotid,Subclavian arteries) - keluar dr ventrikel kiri menuju seluruh tubuh - kaya O2 2. arteri pulmonalis (kanan dan kiri) - keluar dr ventrikel kanan ke paru-paru - kaya CO2 ARTERI CORONARIA : pemb darah pd dinding jantung --- memberi nutrisi pd otot jantung External Heart: Anterior View Figure 18.4b External Heart: Posterior View Figure 18.4d Gross Anatomy of Heart: Frontal Section Figure 18.4e Pathway of Blood Through the Heart and Lungs Figure 18.5 SYSTEMIC AND PULMONARY CIRCULATION • LEFT SIDE IS A PUMP TO THE SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION. • RIGHT SIDE IS A PUMP TO THE PULMONARY CIRCULATION. External Heart: Vessels that Supply/Drain the Heart (Anterior View) • Arteries – right and leftcoronary (in atrioventricular groove), marginal, circumflex, and anteriorinterventricular arteries • Veins – small cardiac, anterior cardiac, and great cardiac veins Coronary Circulation: Arterial Supply Figure 18.7a Coronary Circulation: Venous Supply Figure 18.7b PERSARAFAN JANTUNG Disarafi oleh SARAF OTONOM 1. Saraf simpatis merangsang (stimulasi) denyut jantung menjadi kuat dan cepat 2. Saraf parasimpatis menahan (inhibisi) denyut/kontraksi jantung menjadi lemah dan lambat FISIOLOGI JANTUNG
