Apa itu MRI? Engineering management

SEKILAS
PROFESI MANAJEMEN
REKAYASA INDUSTRI
Rizal Affandi Lukman
TI 80
Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian
OUTLINE PRESENTASI
Apa itu Manajemen Rekayasa Industri
(Engineering Management)?
 Driven Factors for Economic Growth
 The Future of Work (Human Society &
Business)
 Indonesian Vision 2025
 Modernisasi Russia

PRODI MRI DI ITB
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Manajemen Rekayasa Industri (Engineering
Management) di Institut Teknologi Bandung adalah
Pioneer sekaligus pilot project program studi MRI
yang pertama di Indonesia.
Jurusan baru (sejak 2 tahun yang lalu) di Fakultas
Teknologi Industri yang merupakan pecahan dari
Teknik Industri .
Apa itu MRI?
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Engineering management adalah cabang ilmu
TEKNIK yang diakui oleh ABET (Accreditation Board
for Engineering and Technology).
Menurut IEEE “Engineering management is the discipline
addressed to making and implementing decisions for
strategic and operational leadership in current and
emerging technologies and their impacts on interrelated
systems”.
Apa itu MRI? .............. lanjutan

Menurut Omurtag “Enginering Management is Designing,
Operating, and continuously improving purposeful system
of people, machines, money, time, information, and
energy by integrating engineering and management
knowledge, techniques, and skills to achieve desired
goals in technological enterprise through concern for the
environment, quality, and etchics”
Apa itu MRI? .............. lanjutan

Menurut Wiki Pedia: Engineering Management is a
specialized form of management and engineering that
is concerned with the application of engineering
principles to business practice. Engineering
Management is a career that brings together the
technological problem-solving savvy of engineering
and the organizational, administrative, and planning
abilities of management in order to oversee complex
enterprises from conception to completion.


Seorang Engineering Manager kerjanya beda dari
manajer2 biasa, karena seorang Engineering
Manager punya keahlian untuk mengaplikasikan
engineering principles dan keahlian dalam
organizing and directing people dan projects.
Seorang engineering manager punya kualifikasi
dalam 2 tipe pekerjaan, yaitu:
 The
management of technical functions (such as design or
production) di semua organisasi, dan
 the management of broader functions (such as marketing
or top management).
THE LEVEL 5 HIERARCHY
LEVEL 5
Executive
LEVEL 4
LEVEL 3
Effective Leader
Competent Manager
LEVEL 2
Contributing Team Member
LEVEL 1
Highly Capable Individual
7 disiplin ilmu engineering management menurut
EMC (Engineering Management Certification)
1. Market Research, Technology Updates, &
Environmental Scanning
2. Planning & Adjusting Business Strategies
3. Developing Products, Services, & Processes
4. Engineering Operations & Change
5. Financial Resources & Procurement
6. Marketing & Sales
7. Leading Individuals & Engineering Project
Teams
Kenapa Harus ada MRI?

Meskipun prodi MRI ini baru muncul di Indonesia, di
Amerika Prodi Engineering management sudah ada
sejak era 1960-an yang diprakarsai oleh Univesity of
Missouri Rolla. Sampai sekarang di Amerika sudah
ada 297 kampus yang menyediakan program studi
Engineering Management termasuk program master
dan doktor.
Kenapa timbulnya ilmu engineering
management?


Ada 2 perubahan mendasar yang menuntut timbulnya
ilmu engineering management. Perubahan pertama
dilihat dari sisi Engineering dan perubahan kedua
dilihat dari sisi Business.
Dari sisi engineering ada beberapa perubahan di era
sekarang dalam melihat ilmu dan peran para engineer.
Dewasa ini seorang engineer, ketika memasuki dunia
kerja sudah tidak lagi menjalankan perannya sebagai
traditional engineer (cuma berkutat dibidang teknis,
buat peralatan, ngulik mesin, dll), ......
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tetapi menjadi project managers, technical sales
people, and lead systems engineers yang melibatkan
proses pendefinisian, perancangan, pengintegrasian,
pemasaran, dan pengujian kompleks dan multifungsional sistem informasi teknologi-sentris (Abel,
2005).
Paradigma para engineer sekarang bukan lagi sematamata membuat sesuatu karena didorong oleh rasa
penasaran, hobi, dll (seperti saat jaman Thomas Alpha
Edison, Einstein dll) tetapi juga didorong karena alasan
komersial.


Engineer ingin hasil karyanya mampu diserap pasar dan
menjadi suatu bisnis baru (contoh: microsoft, Apple).
Untuk meng-komersialkan suatu hasil teknologi, bukanlah
hal yang mudah.
Merubah suatu invention menjadi inovation, tidak
cukup dengan melihat hal-hal teknis semata (able to
produce), diperlukan ilmu management, business, Finance,
dll. Agar menjadi able to be accepted by the market.
Maka dari itulah muncul Ilmu Engineering Management
yang mengakomodir tuntutan peran sebagai engineer di
masa depan.
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
Dari segi bisnis. Dewasa ini perusahaan tidak hanya
menjadikan tangible asset (seperti profit, gedung,
tanah, dll) sebagai the one and only critical success
factornya. Perusahaan dewasa ini juga menganggap
Intangible Asset seperti knowledge, SDM yang handal
sebagai sumber daya terpenting bagi perusahaan.
R & D (Research and Development) sekarang sudah
menjadi primary strength dari perusahaan. Perusahaan
yang mampu menguasai teknologi dan mempunyai
knowledge management yang baiklah yang akan
menjadi market leader.

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Lihat saja Microsoft, General Electrics, Apple, Toyota,
apalagi perusahaan2 farmasi yang kegiatan
usahanya sangat bergantung pada kegiatan riset dan
inovasi.
Disinilah perlu manager yang paham tentang dunia
engineering. Karena dengan begitu sang manager
bisa melihat peluang bisnis dari perkembangan
teknologi yang akan datang.
Driven Factors for Economic Growth
Demikian pula kemajuan suatu bangsa banyak
ditentukan oleh sejauh mana teknologi berperan di
masyarakat industrinya dan kualitas dari HRDnya.
Y = f (L, K, TFP)
Y = Ekonomi/Output
L = Labor
K = Kapital
TFP = Total Factor Productivity
Perubahan di segi bisnis lainnya
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Perubahan umur suatu produk (life cycle of product:
intruduction, growth, maturity, decline) yang makin
pendek. Implikasi terhadap sistem produksi berubah
dari sistem produksi massa (economic of scale)
menjadi sistem produksi yang terbatas jumlahnya
(economic of scope).
Sebagai contoh era dari piringan hitam ke pita kaset
kemudian ke walkman lebih lama dari era CD/DVD
ke MP3 sampe akhirnya ke iPod.
Umur Teknologi Makin Pendek
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
Karena itu perlu orang yang bisa memantau dan
meramal perkembangan teknologi ke depan. Sehingga
sewaktu teknologi sudah sampai ke tahapan mature
tidak sempat mengalami tahapan decline, tetapi
langsung lanjut berkembang lagi ke tahapan growth.
Karena itu istilah pengembangan produk (product
development) saat ini sedang ngetren, sebab
perkembangan teknologi berpengaruh juga ke
perkembangan produk.
Contoh-contoh:
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Toko musik Aquarius salah satu contoh perusahaan yang
produknya tidak bisa bertahan akibat gempuran
teknologi internet, Youtube.
Contoh lain adalah PT POS, dimana core business-nya
jasa kiriman surat, terus digempur sama teknologi yang
namanya email, sms, mms, dll. Apakah sekarang PT POS
mati? Tidak, dia sanggup melakukan diferensiasi
produknya, seperti pengembangan bisnis cargo, filateli,
pos pembagian BLT, tempat pembayaran listrik, air dan
bahkan kredit motor. (Lesson learned: Adaptif)
The Future of Work: Thomas W. Malone,
Harvard Business School Press
Three basic Decision-Making Structures Used in
Societies and Business
Independent
Centralized
Decentralized
The Pattern in Human Societies
Bands (15-50)
Kingdom
Democracies
The Pattern in Business
Small Businesses
Corporate Hierarchies
Networks
Reforms & Technical Change in the
Development context
External context
(Bilateral,
Regional &
Multilateral
forum)
Reforms
Investment 
Industry
Growth
(> 7% p.a.)
Macro Policies
Employment
(5-6% by 2014)
Regional
Development
Technical Change
Domestic condition
(Behind the
borders)
Social Policies
Poverty
(8-10% by 2011)
Reforms in some countries
22
Country
Period of
Reforms
Trigger to do Reforms
Mexico
1990s
Joining NAFTA
Korea
Late 1990s
Financial Crises
Indonesia
1983-late1980s
Post Oil Boom
1998-2003
2003-2004
Under IMF Program
Exit from the IMF Program
Beyond 2004
Higher economic growth
under global competition
Indonesia: Stepping up to Global Influence
23
Main Thrust ...
24
Natural
Gas
Key
Metrics
About 165
TCF of
reserves at
production
rate ± 3
TCF pa
Geotherma
Palm Oil
l
Coal
World
second
largest
exporter
• Abundant
resources for gasbased energy and
petrochemical
industries
• Not including NonConventional
Gases, from Coal
Bed Methane and
Coal Gassification
Home of
40% of
world’s
resources
(the
largest in
the world)
World’s
largest
exporter;
>19 mil
tons per
year
About 40% is
assumed feasible. Up
to now, 1.200 MW
has been developed.
Cocoa
Tin
At 770
At 65 thou
thou
tons/year,
tons/year, world’s
2nd
nd
world’s 2
largest
largest
producer
producer
Nickel
Bauxite
Own ±
12% of
world’s
reserves
(4th
largest)
World’s
7th largest
reserves;
world’s 4th
largest
production
Will be at least
partially
processed
domestically by
2013 (new mining
law: 4/2009)
Rich Natural Resources
most of them are still intact to be processed into higher VA products
25
ACTION
PROGRAM
(up to 2014)
Grand
Design
Of
MP3EI
26
Definition of 6 economic corridors
27
Development Themes in each EC
28
Main Economic Area of Focus
29
30
THE MISSION OF SKOLKOVO INNOVATION CENTER:
PROGRAM MODERNISASI DI RUSSIA
SKOLKOVO IS TO BECOME AN INNOVATION HUB THAT WILL STIMULATE
INNOVATIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND DISSEMINATE
ENTREPRENEURIAL CULTURE ACROSS THE COUNTRY TO INTEGRATE
RUSSIA INTO THE GLOBAL ECONOMY
FOSTERING
ADVANCEMENT OF
HUMAN CAPITAL IN
RUSSIA BY
ATTRACTING FOREIGN
SPECIALISTS AND
CREATING CONDITIONS
FOR LOCAL INNOVATIVE
TALENT DEVELOPMENT
CREATING
GLOBALLY
COMPETITIVE
PRODUCTS AND
SERVICES BASED ON
CUTTING-EDGE
RESEARCH
ESTABLISHING
GLOBAL
INNOVATIVE
COMPANIES IN RUSSIA
STRATEGIC GOALS AND SUCCESS MEASURES OF SKOLKOVO
BUILD
SELF-SUSTAINING ECO-SYSTEM TO SUPPORT DEVELOPING
LOCAL ADVANCED
R&D
ENABLE EFFICIENT ACCESS TO
CAPITAL AND EXPERTISE;
ATTRACT WORLD-CLASS BUSINESS
ENSURESTRONG IP
AND SCIENTIFIC TALENT
PROTECTION
ENTRY POINTS
RESEARCH
BUILD
GLOBAL
DEVELOPMENT
EXIT POINTS
COMMERCIALIZATION
OPERATIONS
HELP TO GENERATE
LEADING BUSINESS,
EXTERNAL
REGULATORY AND
MARKET DEMAND
VENTURE SUPPORT
ENVIRONMENT
CREATE A HOME FOR INDEPENDENT
STAKEHOLDERS:
ACADEMIC, CORPORATIONS,
RESEARCHERS, VENTURE
FINANCE, ETC.
MAIN DIRECTIONS
TECHNOLOGY CLUSTERS (ENERGY,
BIOMEDICAL, IT,
SPACE, NUCLEAR) WILL ENGAGE IN DEVELOPING NEW
TECHNOLOGIES AND PRODUCTS
Energy
Energy efficiency
and energy saving
incl. development
of new energy
technology
IT
IT and
software
engineering
Biomedical
Biotechnology
and medical
technology incl.
development of
medical drugs
and equipment
Space
Nuclear
Space
technology in
telecommunica
tions and
navigation
systems
Nuclear
technology
(assistance for
special
companies in
this area)
TIPS: BEKERJA DENGAN KARAKTER & KOMPETENSI
CHARACTER
INTEGRITY
MATURITY
SINCERE
MENTALITY
WISDOM COMPETENCE
JUDGEMENT
TECHNICAL
CONCEPTUAL
INTERDEPENDENCE

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