Prinsip-Egov.ppt - Kudang Boro Seminar

Landasan Pengembangan &
Implementasi E-Gov
Prof. Kudang B. Seminar, PhD
Direktur
Direktorat Komunikasi dan Sistem Informasi (DKSI)
Institut Pertanian Bogor
Impian E-Gov
• Mempublikasikan informasi vital secara online
• Menyederhanakan dan mengotomasikan
proses adminitrasi, manajerial dan
transaksional bagi kepentingan masyarakat
• Membangun interaksi elektronik yang
harmonis dengan masyarakat.
Tujuan E-Gov?
Penggunaan Teknologi Informasi (TI) dalam
penerapan Sistem Informasi (SI) untuk
mempromosikan pemerintahan yang lebih
efektif dan efisien, memfasilitasi akses
layanan informasi dan transaksi dengan
akses yang luas dan adil, membentuk
pemerintahan yang lebih akuntabel
terhadap masyarakat, serta membentuk
masyarakat yang berbasis informasi atau
pengetahuan ( knowledge-based society).
Definisi Teknologi Informasi TI)
Teknologi informasi (TI) adalah teknologi elektronik untuk
akuisisi, pengolahan, penyimpanan, produksi dan distribusi
informasi. . (Gunton, 1994)
Teknologi Komputer
TI
Teknologi
Telekomunikasi
Sistem Informasi
Performance
Control System
Data
Process
Data Store
N E TWAR E
Info
Karakteristik Organisasi
Setiap enterprise (organisasi)
memiliki bisnis proses spesifik
yang selalu akan ditingkatkan
kinerjanya untuk merespon
tuntutan kepuasan stakeholders
dan perkembangan teknologi
*** Organization that does not evaluate deserves to die ***
Pemerintahan sebagai
Enterprise
• Memiliki visi & misi
• Mengelola proses bisnis yang kompleks
• Melibatkan multi-agen (multi-organisasi,
multi-kepentingan, multi-disiplin, multiwilayah, multi-kultur & budaya, multisektor, dan multi-strata) dengan multiinteraksi
• Memiliki kustomer (masyarakat/citizens)
• Memiliki otonomi & sumberdaya
• Mempertahankan eksistensi (survival)
dalam kompetisi global
Lingkungan Sosioteknologi
Struktur
Organisasi
Strategi
Manajemen
Bisnis
Proses
Orang dan Kultur
Teknologi
& Sistem
Informasi
Pemerintahan: Customer-Centric
Services
Interaction
Government
Prime
Services
Linkages
Customer :
Citizens
Electronic Government (E-Gov):
Customer-Centric Services
Use
of IT
Electronic
Government
Prime
Services
Customer :
Citizens
Interaction
Apply EDI: G2C,
G2B, G2G
Pilar Utama Layanan Pemerintah
(1) pelayanan masyarakat (serving
people).
(2) penyejahteraan masyarakat
(prospering people),
(3) perlindungan masyarakat
(protecting people), dan
(4) pencerdasan masyakat
(educating people).
Business Process
Reengineering
(BPR)
Pengembangan E-Gov: Rekayasa
Ulang (Reengineering) Proses Bisnis
Pemerintahan
High
Low
Rationalism
Reengineering
Current
Condition
Automation
(Computerization)
IT Utilization
High
Arsitektur Fungsional e-Gov.
SW: Software HW: Hardware NW: Netware DW: Dataware BW: Brainware
Deskripsi fungsional bisnis pengantar layanan
e-government (Accenture 2003).
Disain Sistem Pemerintahan (Wiraatmaja 2006)
handphone
SMS
server
Sistem
Manajemen
Layanan
DBMS
Layanan
Sistem
Manajemen
Informasi
DBMS
Informasi
Database
Layanan
Database
Informasi
Kantor
Pendukung
PDA
notebook
PC
Fungsi
Internal
Content ManaGement System
DBMS
Fungsi
Internal
Database
Fungsi
Internal
Organisasi
Pendukung
FTP
server
Institusi
Pendukung
E-mail
server
Web Server
Kantor Penyedia
Informasi &
Layanan
PORTAL
Pengembangan & Penerapan E-Gov
•
•
•
•
•
•
Perubahan paradigma pemerintahan
Identifikasi kebutuhan prioritas masyarakat
Formulasi layanan publik
Pengembangan infrastruktur
Implementasi & regulasi
Internalisasi
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
E-Gov :
Menghubungkan Pemerintah dengan
Masyarakat via Portal Internet
Global
Sites
E-Gov
Portal
Array of
Portals
Info/Database
Portal
Portal
Info/Database
Portal of
Services
Portal
Portal
Database
Info/Database
Portal
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
E-gov serves as a portal
E-government serves as a portal
focused mainly on access to the
public sector; these
portals are aimed at citizens
(G2C), businesses (G2B), other
governments (G2G) and
anyone else who are interested in
the government and its services.
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
Government to Citizens (G2C):
1 Free online tax filing
2 Job search
3 Social security
4 Personal documents (birth and marriage
certificates, passport applications,
driver license)
5 Immigration services
6 Health and related services
7 Government benefits
8 Student loans
9 Disaster help
10 Other useful information (for sales, weather
forecast, recreation)
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
Government to Business (G2B):
1 Comment on federal regulation
2 Corporation tax
3 Business opportunities
4 Registration of a new company
5 Business laws and regulations
6 Central contractor registration
7 Government auctions and sales
8 Employer ID number
9 Wage reporting
10 Subcontracting opportunities
11 Patents and trademarks filing
12 Export portal
Government to Government (G2G):
1 Federal Pay Tables
2 Grants
3 Background Investigation Application
4 E-Training Initiative for Federal Workers
5 For Sale to Government Buyers
6 FirstGov Search for Federal Agencies
7 Per Diem Rates
8 Employee Directory
9 Federal Personnel-Payroll Changes
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
SOURCE: Cap Gemini and Ernst
& Young (2001)
Mehdi Sagheb-Tehrani (2011). A model of successful factors towards
e-government implementation. Electronic Government, An International Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2010
Comparative view of various e-gov websites
based upon some KEY CONCEPTS
Impact of E-Gov Implementation
A fully implemented e-government can break down
bureaucratic barriers and move to a better service
level, connection and protection that a government
may want and need in every aspect of government’s
activity.
This provides an opportunity not merely to manage
business but also to get wide access to what
government is doing or intending to do, and how,
and why. Citizens will have the chance to become
stable players in the process of determining and
making government task (McGinnis, 2003).
Kesimpulan
• Perencanaan, pembangunan dan pengembagan TI
dan SI harus memiliki tujuan yang jelas dan
indikator keberhasilan yang terukur bagi individu
maupun organisasi (enterprise), sehingga tidak
boros, kontraproduktif, dan salah sasaran.
Pelayanan masyarakat (kustomer) yang prima
dengan berbagai dinamika kultur, budaya,
perkembangan teknologi, dan tuntutan global
menjadi peluang, tantangan, dan sekaligus target
pendayagunaan TI dan SI di masa mendatang
Kontemplasi
• Teknologi Informasi yang hadir
didepan kita haruslah kita syukuri
dengan lebih banyak mau berfikir
kreatif untuk mendayagunakan TI
dalam mewujudkan kinerja
individu dan organisasi serta
kemanfaatan universal sekaligus
memusnahkan kemungkaran dan
kebodohan.