lesson no. 81 - ABC Radio Australia

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LESSON NO. 81
PART I:
BEFORE THE BROADCAST
BEBERAPA PEMAKAIAN PENTING LAIN DARI BENTUK -ING
Masih ingatl
Bentuk -ing suatu kata kerja harus dipakai di belakang beberapa KATA KERJA
TERTENTU, misalnya:
I CAN'T STAND waitiNG long. (Lihatlah kembali lesson 73.)
Dan masih ingat?Bentuk -ing juga harus digunakan di belakang KEBANYAKAN KATA DEPAN*.
misalnya:
You must wash your hands BEFORE haviNG a meal. (Lihat/ah kembali lesson 73.)
Berikut ini adalah beberapa pemakaian baru dari bentuk -ing:
1. DI BELAKANG GABUNGAN KATA SIFAT + KATA DEPAN
Masih ingatkah gabungan khusus seperti ini?
Helen's INTERESTED IN music.
(Bacalah lagi
Iwan's GOOD AT maths.
halaman 28 (Bagian F) dan
Some people are FRIGHTENED OF ghosts. halaman 69 (Bagian 4) dari Book 3.)
Gabungan seperti di atas dapat diikuti tidak hanya oleh kata benda atau kata ganti, tetapi juga oleh
bentuk -ing suatu kata kerja. Misalnya:
Helen's INTERESTED IN {PlayiNG the piano.
singiNG.
lwan's GOOD AT
solviNG problems in maths.
Di bawah ini diberikan beberapa contoh lagi:
•
excited about ( = gembira eksn}, nervous about ( = gugup/takut akan)
My wife's always NERVOUS ABOUT crossiNG the street.
The boys are
EXCITED ABOUT flyiNG to Singapore.
•
sekelompok kata yang menunjukkan keterampilan
Iwan's
He's also
Jane's
•
GOOD AT
CLEVER AT
playiNG
QUICK AT
BAD AT
makiNG
usiNG
friends. (=Dia juga cepat berteman/pandai bergaul)
figures. (=Jane tidak pandai berhitung)
Apakah saudara masih ingat ungkapan frightened of? Kedua ungkapan lainnya dalam contoh
berikut artinya tepat sama.
Mamma's
•
the guitar.
j
FRIGHTENED OF
AFRAID OF
SCARED OF
I
goiNG to town by herself.
Masih ingatkah ungkapan tired of? Ada beberapa ungkapan lain yang artinya sama:
Don's
{~II~~~~F }worklNG
long hours (= Don bosan bekerja berjam-jam.)
(Bored with kadang-kadang dapat juga dipakai dengan pola kalimat ini dengan arti yang kira-kira
sama.)
*
TO /ebih sering diikuti a/eh bentuk dasar kata kerja. Lihatlah Lesson 93.
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•
Masih ingatkah ungkapan useful for? Ungkapan tersebut termasuk kelompok ungkapan yang
diikuti o/eh kata for dengan arti untuk sesuatu maksud tenentu"
A teacher is NECESSARY FOR learniNG English. (Guru perlu untuk be/ajar bahasa
/nggeris.)
A dictionary is ESSENTIAL FOR learniNG English. (Kamus betu/-betu/ perlu untuk be/ajar
bahasa /nggeris.)
A small group is SUITABLE FOR learniNG English. (Ke/ompok yang keci/ cocok untuk
be/ajar bahasa /nggeris.)
A language laboratory is USEFUL FOR learniNG English. (Laboratorium bahasa berguna
untuk be/ajar bahasa /nggeris.)
A cassette player is HANDY FOR learniNG English. (Rekorder kaset berfaedah untuk be/ajar
bahasa /nggeris.)
Suatu gabungan yang sangat berguna dan sering dipakai ia/ah (be) USED TO + -ing,** yang
berarti biasa.
Misa/nya, Don's USED TO meetiNG"" a lot of people ( = Don biasa bertemu dengan orang
ban yak.)
Contoh lain: Iwan's USED TO travelliNG"" by bus.
Indonesians are USED TO eatiNG"" a lot of rice.
Perhatikan/ah ucapan kata used da/am po/a ini: [YOST).
•
2. D/BELAKANG GABUNGAN KATA KERJA + KATA DEPAN
Da/am pe/ajaran ini diberikan contoh yang memakai kata kerja yang terdiri dari 3 bagian dan sangat
berguna: LOOK FORWARD TO
Look forward to = menantikan dengan rasa gembira/senang, misa/nya:
(a) Di muka kata benda: I'm LOOKING FORWARD TO the holidays.
(b) Di muka kata kerja: We're LOOKING FORWARD TO meetING** you.
Iwan's LOOKING FORWARD TO seeING** Helen again.
I'm not LOOKING FORWARD TO gettING** up early tomorrow.
3. IT'S (USED) FOR ... ING (D/PAKA/ UNTUK ... ING)
Ka/au kita berbicara tentang penggunaan bermacam-macam a/at, kita sering mengatakan:
WHAT'S IT USED FOR? = /ni (dipakai) untuk apa?
- IT'S USED*** FOR COOKING. = /ni dipakai untuk memasak
Atau kata used kita hi/angksn:
IT'S FOR COOKING.
What's a toaster used for?-It's (USED) FOR toastiNG.
Mrs Scott uses a number of things in the kitchen. Some are FOR bakiNG or FOR steamiNG
(= mengukus); others are FOR cuttiNG or sliciNG; others are FOR measuriNG; others are FOR
decoratiNG (= menghias).
4. NEED + -ING = PERLU D/LAKUKAN
The car NEEDS repairiNG = Mobi/ itu perlu diperbaiki
The lawnmower NEEDS oiliNG.
Your teeth NEED cleaniNG.
This shirt NEEDS ironiNG.
DOES the petrol tank NEED filliNG?
WANT dapat juga dipakai da/am po/a ka/imat di atas dengan arti yang sama, misa/nya,
Your shoes WANT cleaniNG.
Tetapi kata NEED /ebih sering dipakai.
+ bentuk dasar kata kerja (lihat/ah Lesson 93).
Akan tetapi, da/am po/a ini dipakai tor + -ing di be/akang kata useful, dsb.
** Pada umumnya, to lebih sering diikuti a/eh bentuk dasar kala kerja. Lihatlah Lesson 93.
*** Da/am contoh ini used diucapkan [YOZD).
* Seringkali maksud ditunjukkan o/eh to
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5.
KATA KERJA YANG BERKENAAN DENGAN PANCAINDERA
Kata kerja yang berkenaan dengan pancaindera, seperti see, hear, feel, smell, seringkali diikuti oleh
bentuk -ing, misalnya,
I often WATCH the boys playiNG cricket. = Saya sering menonton anak-anak bermain cricket.
LOOK AT them runNING!
Did you NOTICE anything happeniNG?
I think I can HEAR someone calliNG. (> Saya kira saya mendengar ada orang memanggil.)
I can FEEL (> merasa) something bitiNG me.
Didn't she SMELL the toast burniNG?
BE READY FOR THESE WORDS AND PHRASES IN THE BROADCAST
chuck sth. out [CAK ... AUT] = membuang/melempar
(agak kasar)
clean sth. out [KLIN ... AUT] = membersihkan
decorate (a cake) [DEKareit] = menghias (kue)
eat out [IT...AUT] = makan di restoran
exercise [EKsasaiz] = bergerak badan
grow-grew-grown [GROU-GRO-GROUN]
look forward to [Iuk FOwad tll/ta] = menantikan
dengan gembira
oil [OIL] = memberi minyak
repair [raPEa] = memperbaiki
steam [STIM] = mengukus
toast [TOU ST] = membakar roti
it needs/wants fixing [at NIDZ/WONTS FIKsing]
ini perlu diperbaiki
used to + ing [VOSTta/tu] = biasa
used for [VOZD fa] = dipakai untuk
essential for [aSENsyal fa] = betul-betul perlu untuk
necessary for [N ESas(e)ri fa] = perlu untuk
bored with [BOD widh] = bosan (dengan/akan)
excited about [ikSAltad_abaut] = gembira akan
quick at [KWIK_at] = cepat/pandai
handv" for [HJENdi fa] = berguna untuk
'Handy juga berarti mudah dipakai atau dekat
PART 11:
a band [BJEND]
=
band (pemain
musik)
a cassette player [koo SETpleia] =
rekorder kaset
a dictionary [pIKsyanri] = kamus
a group [GRUP] = kelompok
a language laboratory [LJENGgwij­
laboratri] = laboratorium bahasa
a mower [MOUa] = a lawnmower
a toolshed [TO Lsyed] = gudang/
tempat menyimpan alat-alat
a petrol tank [PETraltaengk] = tangki
bensin
Hyde Park [HAID PAK] taman besar di
tengah kota Sydney
What's it used for?
[WOTS_at VOZD fo]
= Ini (dipakai) untuk apa?
AFTER THE BROADCAST
PERBENDAHARAAN KATA TAMBAHAN
feed-fed-fed [FID-FED-FED] = memberi makan
moo [MO] = melenguh/menguak
milk [MILK] = memerah (sapi)
separate [SEPareit] = memisahkan
store [STO(a)] = menyimpan
knock s.o. over [NOK ... OUva] = menyenggol hingga jatuh
a container [kanTElna] = tempat/wadah
a fence [FENS] = pagar
a lamb [LJEM] = anak biri-biri
a pet [PET] = binatang kesayangan (Catatan: Binatang kesayangan sangat umum di Australia, terutama
kucing dan anjing.)
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a separator [SEPareita] = a/at pemisah
a sheep dog [SYIPdog] = anjing gemba/a
do the milking [DOJlha MILking] = memerah sapi
what's it for [WOTS_at FO] = ini untuk apa
you're up early [yor..,AP3ili] = pagi-pagi sudah bangun
BACAAN (Cari/ah contoh-contoh bentuk -ing da/am bacaan berlkut.)
When Chris gets up every day, he makes his bed. Then, before having a shave, he has a shower. After
having a shower and shaving, he cleans his teeth. Then he has breakfast. (He isn't very interested in
cooking, so his mother cooks his breakfast.)
Chris isn't interested in cooking but he is keen on eating! He gets bored with washing the dishes, but
usually, after finishing his breakfast. he helps his mother wash up. They like listening to the radio while
they wash up. This morning they heard a man talking about Indonesia. Mrs Scott was very interested,
because she's looking forward to visiting Indonesia in the future.
EXERCISES
A. Lengkapkan/ah kalimat-ka/imat berikut dengan kata depan yang tepat (ot. for. to. about with atau
at) diikuti o/eh bentuk kata kerja yang betu/.
Example 1: My brother's bad ( _ remember) dates.
Answer:
My brother's bad at remembering dates.
Example 2: The boys aren't looking forward ( _ have) exams.
Answer:
The boys aren't looking forward to having exams.
1. Some people feel nervous ( _ travel) by plane.
2. Are you tired ( _ study) grammar?
3. What things are essential ( _ build) a house?
4. Australians aren't used ( _ eat) much rice, are they?
5. Why was she so excited ( _ get) that letter?
6. Are you bored ( _ watch) television?
7. Who's the quickest ( _ solve) problems?
8. I'm never tired ( _ dance).
9. My sister's looking forward ( _ go) overseas.
10. Cassettes are handy ( _ practise) listening to English.
B. Lengkapkan/ah ka/imat-ka/imat di bawah ini dengan bentuk yang tepat dari kata kerja di da/am
kurung. Pakailah bentuk -ing di mana perlu, tetapi berhati-hati/ah agar saudara menggunakan
tense yang betu/ untuk kata kerja utamanya.
Example:
Answer:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Yesterday I (watch) my neighbour (paint) his house.
Yesterday I watched my neighbour painting his house.
My house (need) (paint) next year.
No one (notice) us (wait) for a taxi last night.
I've just (see) Chris (stand) at the bus stop.
Helen always (enjoy) (listen) to Chris (play) the guitar.
What's that thing for? It's for (cook) and (steam).
Have you ever (watch) anyone (make) batik?
His trousers (not need) (iron) at the moment.
As soon as I came in, I (smell) something (burn) in the kitchen.