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Komnas Perempuan & Isu Disabilitas
Andy Yentriyani - Komisioner
Lokakarya Para Pemangku Kepentingan dalam Perlindungan Hak Penyandang
Disabilitas di Indonesia, Jakarta, 12 Juni 2013
Pokok Bahasan
Tentang Komnas Perempuan
Kerja Komnas Perempuan terkait isu Disabilitas
Rencana kerja ke depan, Peluang dan tantangan
Komnas Perempuan
Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap Perempuan
sejArah Komnas Perempuan
Tragedi Mei 1998 (perkosaan dan
serangan seksual lainnya)
desakan masyarakat sipil atas
tanggungjawab negara
Komisi Nasional Anti Kekerasan terhadap
Perempuan
•
Landasan hukum:
•
Keppres 181/1998; diperkuat dengan Perpres No. 65/2005 & No. 66/2005
Komnas Perempuan
untuk perempuan
bebas kekerasan
manDat & kewenAngan
pendidikan publik
pemantauan dan
pencarian fakta
kajian strategis
rekomendasi kebijakan
penguatan jaringan
15 Komisioner (2010-2014),
dipilih secara independen,
dari beragam latar belakang dan
keahlian
hanya boleh untuk 2 periode
didukung badan pekerja (50 staff)
dalam 5 subkomisi, 3 gugus kerja, 1
sekretariat
hanya di Jakarta,
tidak pendampingan kasus,
independen
kerangka HAM - prinsip non diskriminasi, pemenuhan hak
ciri cara kerja
korban dan hak konstitusional adalah yang terutama
partisipatif
bermitra sejajar dengan pemerintah dan
masyarakat
transparan dan akuntabel
basis data
perbaikan sistemik: tidak mengambil alih peran,
mengajukan terobosan kebijakan dan penguatan lembaga
Mandat, Kewenangan dan
Ciri Kerja =
Komnas Perempuan
sebagai lembaga HAM
nasional*
* merujuk ke Paris Principles
Kerja Komnas Perempuan terkait isu Disabilitas
Perjumpaan Awal.........
Disabilitas sebagai akibat konflik bagi perempuan (akibat penyiksaan, bom, dll)
Hak-hak disabilitas dalam rangkaian Kampanye 16Hari Anti Kekerasan terhadap
Perempuan (sejak 2001)
Tantangan advokasi kasus kekerasan terhadap perempuan disabilitas (Forum
Belajar Pengada Layanan, sejak 2003)
Diskriminasi terhadap perempuan disabilitas di dalam institusi perkawinan (diskusi
revisi UU Perkawinan, sejak 2004)
berbagai forum di tingkat nasional juga internasional (sifat adhoc)
Disabilitas menjadi salah satu isu prioritas Komnas Perempuan, 2010-2014
Kerja Komnas Perempuan (2010- kini)
(kerentanan, bentuk,
dampak dan keterkaitan kekerasan (&diskriminasi)
• integrasi dlm Catatan Tahunan
• integrasi dalam forum
pemantau “Bangunan Pengetahuan
an &
dari Perempuan”
melalui
kajian
rekomend
asi
kebijakan
• surat
dukungan
advokasi kasus
bersama
kebijakan
dan aksi
Co-fasilitasi
jaringan
dan
pendidikan
(galang
dukungan
publik)
pendidika
n publik
ruang advokasi bersama
Shadow Report
International Covenant
Of Civil and Political Rights
Prepared By
Konsorsium Nasional Untuk Hak-hak Disabilitas
(National Consortium for Disability Rights)
to The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human
Rights (OHCHR)
Regarding Implementation of the Covenant of Civil
and Political Rights for People with Disabilities in
Indonesia, 2007 - 2012
List of Contents
A. List of Content
……………………………………………………………………………2
B.
Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………3
C.
Implementation of ICCPR in Indonesia…………………………………………………...4
Equal protection of rights in the Covenant (Article 2)………………………………....4
Equal rights of women and men (Article 3) …………………………………………...5
Non-derogable nature of fundamental rights (Article 5)…...…………………………...7
Rights to life (Article 6) ………………………………………………………………..8
Cruel and inhuman treatment (Article 7)………………………………………………8
Prohibition of slavery (Article 8)……………………………………………………...11
Liberty and security of person (Article 9)……………………………………………..11
Treatment of persons deprived of their liberty (Article 10)…………………………...12
Freedom of movement (Article 12) ………………………………………………….12
Right to fair trial (Article 14) …………………………………………………………12
Recognition as a person under the law (Article 16)…………………………………...13
Freedom from arbitrary interference with privacy, family, home (Article 17)………....14
Freedom of thought, conscience and religion (Article 18)……………………………14
Freedom of opinion and expression (Article 19)…………………………………….. 15
Freedom of assembly (Article 21)…………………………………………………… 15
Protection of the family (Article 23)………………………………………………… 15
Protection of children (Article 24)…………………………………………………... 16
Access to the political system (Article 25)…………………………………………….16
Equality before the law (Article 26)…………………………………………………...17
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C. Recommendations ............................................................................................................................. 18
15 Maret 2013
Contoh integrasi isu disabilitas dalam pelaporan
Komnas Perempuan (laporan ICCPR)
Par 10
There has been no progress in the revision of the Law on Marriage even though it is urgent. The revision is needed to ensure legal protection to prevent underage
marriages and forced marriages on women, eliminate legal reasons for divorce [and polygamous marriage] that are discriminatory against women with disabilities,
affirm the principle of monogamy, and to end the stereotype of the role of men (head of family) and women (companion) in marriage that has implications on
unbalanced relations in various aspects of life of women in family and marriage. Data from Religious Courts in 2012 recorded 498 cases of underage marriages,
meaning girls under 16; 414 cases of divorce due to physical disability; 1,243 cases of forced marriages and 47,259 cases of divorce due to polygamy.
Par. 16
Women with disabilities are vulnerable to becoming victims of violence, especially sexual violence and face multiple difficulties to access justice and recovery.
Forced marriage and divorce; being denied custody over children, forced contraception, sterilization, and abortion are faced by women with disabilities as they are
seen incapable of caring for themselves, much less for children; the unavailability of sign language interpreters for persons with hearing disability to provide them
with information; the notion that persons with disabilities, especially persons with mental and psychosocial disability, are persons who with no legal capacity before
the law causes the testimony of women with disabilities who are victims of violence to be inadmissible in court and dismissed, including when the victim who area
blind can identify the perpetrator of rape by aroma and voice; unavailability of DNA facilities to establish evidence in cases of rape and of rehabilitation facilities
according to the special needs needed by women victims are examples of the types of cases and difficulties reported. Improvements in this sector are crucial to
follow up the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women.
(Report from National Coalition for Disability Rights Indonesia; appendix 4)
Par 29
Komnas Perempuan also urges the government to adopt zero tolerance for acts of fettering persons with mental and psychosocial disabilities, along with
improvements of health facilities, including hospitals and medication, as well as public education to address stigma against them. Fettering and stigma increases the
vulnerability of women with mental and psychosocial disabilities to sexual violence, in particular rape. Komnas Perempuan is very concerned that the legal process
for perpetrators of rape is very slow as it is also insensitive to the special needs of victims.
Par 32.1.
Komnas Perempuan recorded that young women in shelters [due to attacks against religious minorities] are vulnerable to being married at young age because they
cannot continue their education, and there is young woman with physical disabilities who does not get any assistance from the regional government.
Peran Komnas Perempuan
Pemantau dan Pelapor kondisi kekerasan terhadap
perempuan dan pemenuhan hak korban
Resource centre: membangun pengetahuan
Fasilitator: penguatan kapasitas mitra dalam hal pemberian
layanan bagi korban, advokasi, dan penguatan jaringan kerja
untuk penghapusan kekerasan terhadap perempuan
Inisiator perubahan: rumuskan dan kawal bersama
rekomendasi kebijakan
Aspek yang jadi fokus kerja:
kerentanan perempuan disabilitas pada kekerasan
bentuk-bentuk kekerasan yang dihadapi
jenis disabilitas dan kerentanan khususnya
faktor kebijakan dan lingkungan yang memperburuk kerentanan
keterkaitan antara diskriminasi berbasis disabilitas dan kekerasan
Akses perempun disabilitas korban kekerasan pada hak atas
kebenaran, keadilan dan pemulihan
Perbaikan sistemik: kebijakan, institusi, infrastruktur serta
cara pandang&sikap pada pemenuhan hak orang dengan
disabilitas
Rencana ke depan
peluang dan hambatan
Modalitas/peluang:
- komitmen DPOs dan
Komnas Perempuan
- data awal
- pengetahuan kerangka
HAM
- kewenangan 3 NHRIs
- dukungan jaringan
nasional dan internasional
- dukungan awal
pemerintah
Tantangan:
- komitmen politik
- penegakan hukum
- akses layanan berkualitas
- kemiskinan
- pengetahuan masyarakat dan
praktik kebiasaan mendiskriminasi
penyandang disabilitas
- Internal: Sumber daya terbatas
Untuk Pencegahan dan penanganan kekerasan (dan diskriminasi) terhadap
perempuan disabilitas, dan penegakan Hak Asasi Manusia tanpa kecuali
terima kasih dan
ayo diskusikan....