International Journal of Engineering Research And Management (IJERM) ISSN : Volume-Mei 2018 The Main Structure and The Estimated Calculation of Interior Construction Adam Riza Afrianto ¹, Adi Wardoyo ² [email protected] ¹, [email protected] ² C. Research Objective 1. Know the main structure to create a comfortable layout as a child's boutique. 2. Knowing the calculation estimates of columns and beams on the child's boutique. Abstract— Construction in Interior Design is part of several elements that are used with a strong purpose, and also accept outside loads or own load with forms that exceed the requirements limit. In the process of preparation of interior construction using the calculation of theory, structural analysis, and existing methods as a guide project implementation. Only used on ideal structural conditions. The objectives of this paper is to know the main structure to create a comfortable layout as a child's boutique and Knowing the calculation estimates of columns and beams on the child's boutique. The results is this design plan the building structure using beam size 15x20 cm, ring block measuring 12x15 cm, and column size 15x15cm. type of column used is 4D12 and 8D12 obtained calculation <_ (less than equal to) 1%. So this column has the feasibility to support the load of block and floor plates. II. LITERATURE A. Upper Structure 1. Column The column is an element of compressive structure that plays an important role of a building, so the collapse of a column is a critical site that can cause the collapse of the floor and the total collapse of the entire structure (Sudarmoko, 1996). The function of the column is as the successor to load the entire building to the foundation. When compared, the column is like a human body frame that ensures a building stands. The columns include the main structure for continuing the weight of buildings and other loads such as live loads (people and things), as well as wind loads. Columns work is very important, so the building does not easily collapse. SK SNI T-15-1991-03 defines a column as a component of a building structure whose main task is to support a vertical axial load with a high part not supported at least three times the lateral dimension. The structures in the columns are made of iron and concrete. Both are a combination of tensile and pressure-resistant materials. Iron is a tensile material, whereas concrete is a pressure-resistant material. The combination of these two materials in the concrete structure allows the column or other structural parts such as sloof and the beam can withstand the compressive forces and tensile forces in the building. For columns on simple buildings form columns there are two types of main columns and practical columns. Index Terms—Interior Design, Block, Column, Load I. INTRODUCTION A. Background Construction in Interior Design is part of several elements that are used with a strong purpose, and also accept outside loads or own load with forms that exceed the requirements limit. In the process of preparation of interior construction using the calculation of theory, structural analysis, and existing methods as a guide project implementation. Only used on ideal structural conditions. This process is only a form of project conditions. The background of the importance of studying the construction is to create a building interior that meets the conditions of construction that have been determined after all theories and regulations are met that is strong, solid, safe, comfortable, economical and aesthetic. Boutique children as the main object of design, therefore the designer must analyze the interior structure whether the mass or limits of interior element strength is ideal against the burden of avoiding excessive deformation. Is the construction of the built interiors already pay attention to aspects of comfort and beauty so that consumers feel safe and comfortable. 2. Block Block are also one of reinforced concrete work. Block are part of the structure used as a floor holder and binder upstairs column. Its function is as a framework of horizontal reinforcement. 3. Floor Plates Floor plates are floors that are not located above ground directly, so are floor level. This floor plate is supported by the blocks that are resting on the columns column of the building. Floor plate thickness is determined by: 1. The amount of deflection is permitted 2. The width of the width or distance between the supporting block 3. Construction materials and floor plate B. Research Question 1. How is the main structure to create a comfortable layout as a child's boutique? 2. What is the estimated calculation of columns and blocks in the child's boutique? Manuscript received 28 May, 2018. Adam Riza Afrianto, Faculty of Architecture, Design and , Institute of Technologym Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia, 081-334230655, [email protected] ¹ Adi Wardoyo, Faculty of Architecture, Design and , Institute of Technologym Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, Indonesia, 081-217172377, [email protected] ² 1 Based on its structural action, the plates are divided into four (Szilard, 1974): 1. Wooden plates 2. Membrane 3. Flexible Plates 4. Plates thick Materials for Floor plates can be made from: 1. Wooden floor plates 2. Concrete floor plate 3. Yumen floor plate Floor plate system: 1. System plate one system 2. Two-way plates refilling work should only be carried out after the inspection and approval of the Construction Management Consultant, whether the depth, the soil layer or the type of excavated soil. 3. Basement Structure Basement construction is often an economical solution to overcome the limitations of land under construction. But as an underground structure, the design and construction of the basement construction needs to be done by taking into account many things. Besides the technical aspects of the basement itself, no less important is the environmental aspect. The quality of work in basement construction will greatly affect the life of the basement. Integrated quality control is necessary to achieve high quality and reliable construction products. Some things related to the Basement excavations that need to be considered are load and excavation methods. The load is usually a flat-split load, point load, and line load and the load is evenly split. While the method of excavation which is divided into: open cut, cantilever, angker, and strut. The selection of excavation method is adjusted to the building planning and the consolidation in the field. In the basement excavation method there are several factors that need to be considered, among others: soil type, project condition, groundwater level, large working ground pressure, time of execution, cost analysis and so on. Some problems that arise in the execution of basement excavation, such as the decrease of ground surface around the excavation that can cause structural damage to the building near the excavation, fan cracking channels and other means. One of the causes is the decrease of groundwater surface around the excavation due to pumping during construction. To prevent problems that arise then the selection method dewatering sangan determine. B. Bottom Structure 1. Foundation The common sense for the Foundation is the structure of the lower part of the building which is directly related to the ground, or the part of the building located beneath the surface of the ground which has the function of carrying the burden of other building parts on it. The foundation must be taken into account in order to guarantee the stability of the building to its own weight, building loads (load of building contents), external forces such as: wind pressure, earthquake, and others. In addition, there should be no drop in levels beyond the allowable limits. In order to avoid the foundation's failure to function, the foundation of the building must be placed on a layer of hard, solid, and strong soil supporting the building load without causing excessive degradation. The foundation is a structural part of the building that is very important, because its function is to support the building above it, then the development process must meet the following main requirements: 1. Strong enough to hold the shear load due to the upright charge downward. 2. Can adjust unstable ground movement (soil motion). 3. Resist the effects of weather changes. 4. Resistant to the effects of chemicals. 2. Soil Excavation Soil digs for foundations and other excavations shall be carried out according to internal size, width and in accordance with the peels listed in the drawing. All traces of old building foundations and tree roots in the foundation to be carried out must be dismantled and disposed of. Unused drain pipes must be blocked. If at the location to be constructed there is a water pipe, gas pipeline, exhaust pipes, power cables, telephones and so on, it is promptly notified to the Construction Management Consultant or authorized agency to obtain necessary instructions. The Executor of Work / Contractor is solely responsible for any damages as a result of the excavation work. If the excavation exceeds the specified depth, the Contractor shall fill / reduce the area with materials in accordance with the filling requirements of the foundation material in accordance with the foundation specifications. The Executor of Work / Contractor shall keep the foundation pits free of landslides on the left and the right (if necessary protected by retaining equipment) and free from standing water (if necessary pumped), so that the foundation work can be performed well according to specifications. Replenishment with excavated soil, done layer by layer, while watered sufficiently and pounded until solid. This III. DESIGNING ANALYSIS A. Design Plan Figure 1. 1st Floor Design Plan 2 International Journal of Engineering Research And Management (IJERM) ISSN : Volume-Mei 2018 C. Block Figure 2. 2nd Floor Design Plan Figure 5. Block Type B. Column Figure 6. Block Iron Selection Figure 3. Number of Column Figure 7. Ring Block Iron Selection D. Column Load Sharing Figure 4. Column Iron Selection In this design plan uses 4D12 and 8D12 columns, so the calculation is as follows: Column A, E, F, G, H, I, J, L, N, P, Q, T, U Column B, C, D, K, M, O, R, S, V, W, X, Y, Z Figure 8. sharing of column loads based on floor area 3 E. Cutting of Design Plan 1. A-A’ Figure 9. A-A’ 2. B-B’ Figure 10. B-B’ IV. DETAIL DESIGN A. Furniture Figure 12. Furniture 2 Figure 13. Aesthetic Elements Figure 11. Furniture 1 4 International Journal of Engineering Research And Management (IJERM) ISSN : Volume-Mei 2018 V. CONCLUSION Construction in Interior Design is part of several elements that are used with a strong purpose, and also accept outside loads or own load with forms that exceed the requirements limit. In the process of preparation of interior construction using the calculation of theory, structural analysis, and existing methods as a guide project implementation. Only used on ideal structural conditions. This process is only a form of project conditions. In this design plan the building structure using block size 15x20 cm, ring block measuring 12x15 cm, and column size 15x15cm. type of column used is 4D12 and 8D12 obtained calculation <_ (less than equal to) 1%. So this column has the feasibility to support the load of block and floor plates. REFERENCES [1] [2] Sudarmoko, 1996. Diagram Perancangan Kolom Beton Bertulang, Jurusan. Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta Szilard, R.1974. Theory and Analysis of Plates, Classical and Numerical Methods, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey. 5
