ALAT BANTU PARKIR MOBIL BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER

ALAT BANTU PARKIR MOBIL BERBASIS MIKROKONTROLER
ATMEGA16
Disusun Oleh :
Nama :
Venda Luntungan
Nrp
0522108
:
Jurusan Teknik Elektro, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Kristen Maranatha,
Jl. Prof.Drg.Suria Sumantri, MPH no.65, Bandung, Indonesia.
Email : [email protected]
ABSTRAK
Perkembangan teknologi dalam dunia elektronika sekarang ini maju
dengan pesatnya, dimana teknologi tersebut dikembangkan dan terus
dikembangkan guna memunculkan teknologi yang lebih handal. Mikrokontroler
merupakan salah satu produk teknologi yang dapat diumpamakan sebagai bentuk
minimum dari sebuah mikrokomputer yang berukuran kecil, akan tetapi dapat
melakukan berbagai macam perintah dengan kecepatan tinggi.
Pada tugas akhir ini, dirancang suatu alat bantu parkir mobil. Pada
dasarnya sistem ini terdiri dari satu bagian utama. Sistem pada pengukuran jarak
yang dirancang terdiri dari 1 sensor adalah sensor PING yang mempunyai
kemampuan sebagai alat pengukur jarak dengan memancarkan gelombang
ulrasonik. Sensor PING akan memancarkan gelombang ultrasonik pada objek
yang telah ditentukan, data jarak yang telah didapat oleh sensor PING akan di
proses oleh mikrokontroler Atmega16, kemudian hasil data proses yang di olah
oleh mikrokontroler akan di tampilkan di LCD dan IC ISD1420 berfungsi sebagai
tempat penyimpan data suara yang direkam. Data yang direkam IC ISD1420 akan
mengeluarkan hasil suara jarak yang telah ditentukan, kemudian motor DC akan
bergerak menarik pedal rem pada saat jarak yang telah ditentukan. Hasil
pengukuran jarak tersebut ditampilkan pada LCD secara real time.
Berdasarkan percobaan yang dilakukan, perangkat sistem yang dirancang
berhasil direalisasikan dengan persentase keberhasilan 90% selama sistem masih
berada di dalam batas jangkauan.
Kata Kunci : Sensor PING, Motor DC, Mikrokontroler ATMega16
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CAR PARKING ASSIST DEVICE
BASED ON MICROCONTROLLER ATMEGA16
Composed by :
Name :
Venda Luntungan
Nrp
0522108
:
Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kristen Maranatha University,
Prof. drg. Suria Sumantri, MPH Street, No. 65th, Bandung, Indonesia.
Email : [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Technological developments in the world of today's advanced electronics
with the rapid, where the technology was developed and continues to be
developed in order to bring a more reliable technology. Microcontroller is a
technology product that can be likened to a minimum form of a small
microcomputer, but can perform a variety of commands with high speed.
In this final project, a tool designed car park. Basically the system consists
of a main section. Distance measurement system designed to consist of 1 PING
sensor is a sensor that has the ability as a distance measuring device with
ultrasonic emit. PING sensor will emit ultrasonic waves at a predetermined object,
the distance the data has been obtained by PING sensor will be processed by the
microcontroller ATmega16, then process the data results in if the microcontroller
will be displayed on the LCD and IC ISD1420 serves as a voice data storage were
recorded. IC ISD1420 recorded data will release the results sound a predetermined
distance, then draw DC motor will move the brake pedal at a predetermined
distance. Distance measurement results are displayed on the LCD in real time.
Based on experiments conducted, the system is designed successfully
realized with a 90% success rate for the system is still within the limits of the
range.
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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
i
KATA PENGANTAR ...............................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI ..............................................................................................
v
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................
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DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................
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BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang Masalah.......................................................................
1
1.2. Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................
2
1.3. Perumusan Masalah ............................................................................
2
1.4. Tujuan .................................................................................................
2
1.5. Pembatasan Masalah ...........................................................................
2
1.6. Spesifikasi Alat Yang Digunakan .......................................................
3
1.7. Sistematika Penulisan ..........................................................................
4
BAB II
LANDASAN TEORI
2.1. Sensor PING .......................................................................................
5
2.1.1 Cara kerja modul PING)))™ Ultrasonic Range Finder .............
5
2.2. Mikrokontroler AVR ATMEGA16 ....................................................
8
2.2.1 Fitur ATmega16 ...........................................................................
9
2.2.2. Konfigurasi Pin ATmega16 .......................................................
9
2.2.3. Diagram Blok ATmega16................................................................
12
2.2.4. General Purpose Register ATmega16 .......................................
13
2.2.5. Peta Memori ATmega16 ............................................................
13
2.2.6. Pemrograman pada AVR ATmega 16 .......................................
15
2.3. Pengenalan ISD 1420 ..........................................................................
16
2.3.1. Fitur ISD 1420 ...........................................................................
16
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2.3.2 Blok Diagram ISD 1420.............................................................
16
2.3.3. Konfigurasi Pin ISD 1420 ....................................................... ....
17
2.3.4. Pengalamatan Pada ISD 1420 .................................................
20
2.3.6. Timing Diagram ISD 1420...........................................................
20
2.4. LCD.........................................................................................................
BAB III
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PERANCANGAN DAN REALISASI
3.1. Diagram Blok .......................................................................................
24
3.2. Rangkaian Mikrokontroler ATMEGA16 .............................................
26
3.3. Perancangan Driver Motor DC .............................................................
27
3.4. Modul ISD1420 ………………………………………………………
29
3.4.1. Proses Merekam Suara ………………………………………….
29
3.5. Diagram Alir pada system ……………………………………………..
31
BAB IV DATA PENGAMATAN DAN ANALISIS
4.1. Pengujian Sensor PINGTM....................................................................
35
4.2. Pengujian pada LCD ....... ....................................................................
36
4.3. Pengujian pada ISD 1420 .....................................................................
37
4.4. Pengujian keseluruhan alat ...................................................................
40
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Kesimpulan .........................................................................................
41
5.2. Saran ....................................................................................................
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DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN PROGRAM PADA PENGONTROL MIKRO ATMEGA16
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DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1 Fungsi Khusus Port B................................................................
10
Tabel 2.2 Fungsi Khusus Port C................................................................
11
Tabel 2.3 Fungsi Khusus Port D ...............................................................
11
Tabel 2.4 Fungsi Pin ISD 1420 .................................................................
18
Tabel 2.5 Per Segmen pada ISD 1416 dan 1420 .......................................
20
Tabel 2.4 Konfigurasi kaki LCD ..................................................................
22
Tabel 3.1 Penggunaan Port Pada Mikrokontroler ATMEGA16...............
26
Tabel 3.2 Arah Putar Motor DC... .............................................................
28
Tabel 3.3 Kata yang direkam pada ISD1420 .............................................
30
sesuai dengan alamat yang ditentukan
Tabel 4.1 Hasil Perbandingan Jarak Sebenarnya ............... ........................
35
Dengan Pembacaan Sensor PINGTM
Tabel 4.2 Pengujian pada ISD1420 ............... ............................................
39
Tabel 4.3 Pengujian keseluruhan alat .........................................................
40
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Sensor PING ..........................................................................
5
Gambar 2.2 Diagram waktu modul PING.................................................
5
Gambar 2.3 Ilustrasi cara kerja modul PING ............................................
6
Gambar 2.4 Flowchart Program untuk Aplikasi ini..................................
7
Gambar 2.5 Flowchart Program untuk Aplikasi ini ( sambungan ) ..........
8
Gambar 2.6 Konfigurasi Pin ATMEGA16 ...............................................
10
Gambar 2.7 Diagram Blok ATMEGA16 ..................................................
12
Gambar 2.8 General Purpose Register ATmega16 ..................................
13
Gambar 2.9 Peta Memori Program ATmega16 ........................................
14
Gambar 2.10 Peta Memori Data ATmega16..............................................
15
Gambar 2.11 Blok diagram ISD 1420.........................................................
17
Gambar 2.12 Konfigurasi Pin ISD 1420 .....................................................
17
Gambar 2.13 Record Timing Diagram ISD 1420 .......................................
21
Gambar 2.14 Playback Timing Diagram ISD 1420 ....................................
21
Gambar 2.15 Konfigurasi kaki LCD ...........................................................
23
Gambar 3.1 Diagram Blok Sistem ............................................................
24
Gambar 3.2 Rangkaian Plant Secara Keseluruhan ...................................
25
Gambar 3.3 Alokasi Port Pada Sistem Minimum ....................................
27
Mikrokontroler ATMEGA16
Gambar 3.4 IC Driver Motor DC L293D .................................................
28
Gambar 3.5 Gambar Skematik Perancangan Sistem Voice Recording .....
29
Gambar 3.6 Diagram alir sistem ...............................................................
31
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Gambar 3.7 Diagram alir system (sambungan).........................................
32
Gambar 3.8 Diagram alir system (sambungan).........................................
33
Gambar 3.9 Diagram alir system (sambungan).........................................
34
Gambar 4.1 Syntax pengujian pada LCD ..................................................
36
Gambar 4.2 Hasil yang ditampilkan di LCD ............................................
37
Gambar 4.3 Syntax pengujian pada ISD ...................................................
38
Gambar 4.4 Hasil yang tampil di LCD .....................................................
38
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