universitasdanprofesigeospatial-1

Departemen Geografi FMIPA UI
Apalagi
yang akan
datang ?
Geographical
Knowledge and
Enlightenment
Foto
Udara
Pemetaan awal
dan
ensiklopedia
(Ptolemy,Colum
bus , Ratzel, dll)
Mental
maps
Export/
import
Berdagang /
barter
Hidup dari
lingkungan
Berburu dan
bertani
Lokal
Perdagangan
regional baru
GIS/ GPS
/ GPRS/
what else
?
Regional
Globalisasi
Berdagang /
transaksi benda
berharga (uang)
Jaman imperialisme
Tata dunia baru
(metanasional)
-------> Imperialisme gaya baru
Trans Continent
Enlightenment: as “related to theoeitical matters: to (objective) rational knowledge and to
Global
(subjective) facility in rational reflection about matters of human life” (Livingstone, David N, 1999)
Spatial
Dynamics:
Global
Regional
National
Local
Site
Dasar Kompetisi
P
E
R
DAYA
SAING
OTAK
ORGANISASI
YANG CERDAS
M
I
INOVASI
ORGANISASI
YANG INOVATIF
N
T
A
ORGANISASI YANG FLEKSIBEL
PILIHAN
FLEXIBLE
COMPANY
A
N
KUALITAS
ORGANISASI YANG
QUALITY
COMPANY
BERKUALITAS
P
A
S
ORGANISASI YANG
EFFICIENT
EFISIEN
COMPANY
BIAYA
A
R
TAHUN
60-an
70-an
80-an
90-an
2000 - an
Rigid Business system known
as Value Chain (equity link)
Corporate function
Network function with key
levers at hand
Sales Servic
es
Overseas Operation
R&D Manuf Marke
acturi ting
ng
R&D
Kenichi Ohmae, 2000
Telco
$ bill
collection
$
Engin
eering
Marke
ting
In Bangalore,
Heyderabad
The Company
Manuf
acturi
ng
In Vietnam
(Outsourced)
A 20th-century company
Silicon Valley
Custo
mers
internet
Sales Servic
es
Major Markets
(Outsourced)
A 21st-century corporation
DATA
Cenderung membangun Data
warehouse/ Data mining
Pengetahuan yang tersebar
INFORMASI
GIS
Mengumpulkan pengetahuan
yang tersebar
(sebagian besar aktifitas
Geografikal Indonesia masih di sini)
ANALISIS
Kategorisasi dan klasifikasi
informasi
INTELLIGENCE
Implikasi untuk pembuatan
keputusan
Membangun
Decision
Support System
SDSS
Perdagangan
Segmentasi
Analisa Promosi
Rencana Merger &
(Merchandise) & Mix
toko/outlet
Akuisisi
Analysis
Pemilihan Lokasi
Rencana Jejaring
Pemetaan Pasar
Analisa Kompetitor
Sistem Pendukung Pembuatan Keputusan Spatial
(Spatial Decision Support System/ SDSS)
Modelling, analisis dan visualisasi
Gudang Data Spatial (Spatial Data Warehouse)
Data Fusion and Management
Supply-side Data
ISIC
Skala
distri
busi Toko
Unit Record Data
(example)
Demand side Data
Pusat
kawasan Waralaba
belanja
Aggregate
Data
Format
Internal
Client Data
Penamaan
Kode daerah:
Pos Kebayoran
Aggregate
Data
Alamat
Nama
Suku
Pendapatan
Unit Record
Data (example)
Eksternal
gudang
Waktu
Bisnis
Mall
Ruko
Daerah
sensus
kota
Status
Propinsi Pengeluaran Pekerjaan
Adat
Iklim
Geomorfologi
Hidrologi
Perumusan
Karakteristik
Sosial
Demografi
Spatial
behavior
Lanskap Fisik
Lanskap Sosial
Topography
Iptek
Pemahaman Karakteristik
Dinamika Masyarakat
Perumusan Karakteristik
Perumusan
Prototipe
Hipotetis
Dialect
Agama
Desk
Penetapan
Sosiolinguistik
research
variabel makro
Perumusan Dialect
Desk
Topography
Research
Penetapan
Prototipe Model
Hipotetis
Dialect
Topography
Survey data
Simulasi
isogloss
primer
Data Primer
Data Sekunder
Social survey
Site Factors Analysis
1.
2.
Site Cognitive
Distance Cognitive
Internal
Analysis
Geographical
survey
Location factors Analysis
1.
2.
Potential Area
Area situation/ environment
Buffer Analysis and network
External
Analysis
LOKASI POTENSI KAWASAN INDUSTRI/ PERDAGANGAN
1. Prioritas lokasi potensi untuk kawasan industri
2. Gambaran situasi pendukung lokasi kawasan industri/ perdagangan
Data lokasi/area
• Peruntukan tanah (pemukiman,
perkantoran/bisnis); eksisting & master plan
• Harga tanah
• Jaringan jalan
• Fasilitas umum/publik
• Existing bank service points (Kantor  ATM)
LOKASI
PRIMER/
PRIORITAS
UNTUK Bank
Analisa empiris
potensi lokasi
Bank
(orientasi)
Data sosial & bisnis
• Demografis (+ agama)  individual/retail
• Establisment (kantor/ pabrik)  corporate
OUTPUT
Analisa
komprehensif
Potensi Lokasi
Lokasi Potensi
(per prioritas)
Data banking habits
• faktor penentu memilih bank
• kebiasaan memanfaatkan jasa bank (cara,
saat/occation, waktu,frekuensi,siapa, dll)
• Location perceived: kognisi, afektif, konatif
Analisa tingkah
laku nasabah
bank terkait
dengan lokasi
outlet bank
OUTPUT
Lokasi Potensi
(perspektif
nasabah)
SPACE VALUE ?
Spatial
Imagination
Values
Cognitive Space
Affective Space
Conative
Spatial
Behavior
Cognitive
Psychologi
cal
transforma
tion
Affective
Conative
Practices
Spatial arrangement / Tata Ruang
Cognitive Space
Affective Space
Spatial Attributes
Sense of
Place
Spatial
Behavior
Positive
Approach
Physical Landscape
Cultural Landscape
Spatial
Arrangement
Regional Planning Process
Relative
Approach
Society
•Hundreds of ethnic groups
•Unbalanced geodemographic
distribution (less densed pop. in
eastern)
•Dominated by muslim (concentrated
in western and center)
Scaterred
Resources
(tangibles and
intangibles)
Economy
Idealism:
United in Diversity
based on Pacasila
(?)
Environment
• Biodiversity; second richest in the
world (land + sea)
•Heavy exploitation in western rather
than eastern
•Economic/business activities
concentraed more in Western part
•Western part has better infrastructure
and business support
•Western part is closer to international
business center (Singapore-Malaysia
and East Asia)
• Big gap between urban and rural
economy
Confusing
Laws
• central vs local
• by sector
How Asians and Westerners Think Differently and WHY (Richard E. Nisbett, 2003)
Ecology
Economy
Ecology
Economy
Social Structure
Social Structure
Attention
Attention
Metaphysics
Epistemology
Metaphysics
Cognitive
Process
Epistemology
Cognitive Process
Asians Orientation
Westerners Orientation
Knowledge creation
Continuous innovation
Competitive advantage
Information spaces
Social spaces
Infrastructure
distortion and deception
“how to lie with maps”
► most
-
obvious being through
data selection/omission
projections
► how
are maps of cyberspace
deceiving?
► Clearly there are many ways
to project cyberspace onto a map
Universitas Indonesia
sebagai
Research University
Professional
Educational
Program
Applied
Research
Dev.
Program
BASIC
RESEARCH
DEV.
PROGRAM
Bachelor
Deg. Prog.
Program
Diploma
Program
Profesional
+
International / National Training
Licensed Prog./ Internship Prog.
Industry /
Public
Academic
Educational
Program
UNIVERSITY/
RESEARCH
INSTITUTIONS
PostGrad.
Prog.
Traveler /penjelajah
Perencana wilayah
Pegawai negeri
Pekerja
Sosial (LSM)
peneliti
Eksekutif (swasta,
MNCs, International
Agencies)
Guru / dosen
Pengusaha
Peluang
kerja
PEMERINTAH
SWASTA/ Non-Pemerintah
Saat ini
Yang akan datang
Wirausaha/ entrepreneur:
Seorang / sekelompok orang yang bekerja untuk mengatasi ketidakpastian (dari ide yang tercipta)
menjadi satu yang pasti. Pekerjaannya selalu mengandung resiko.
Aspek
Entrepreneur/ wirausaha
Manager/pegawai
Motive
Memulai usaha dengan membuat
perusahaan / lembaga
Bekerja memberi jasa pada perusahaan/
lembaga yang telah dirancang orang lain
Status
Pemilik perusahaan/ lembaga
Pengabdi/pelayan dari satu perusahaan/
lembaga milik wirausaha / pemerintah /
masyarakat
Risk-taker
Terlibat langsung dengan segala resiko
(hidup/ mati) dalam membesarkan
perusahaan/ lembaga
Tidak terlibat langsung terhadap
hidup/matinya perusahaan/ lembaga
Rewards
Menciptakan penghargaan sendiri dari hasil
keberhasilan merealisasi idenya (yang
diawali dengan ketidakpastian)
Mendapat gaji rutin dan bonus ataupun
tunjangan
Innovation
Berusaha selalu menciptakan inovasi agar
selalu sejalan dengan
permintaan/kebutuhan pasar
Secara sederhana hanya menjalan rencana
kerja yang telah dirancang/ditetapkan
sebelumnya
Qualifications
Motivasi achievement yang tinggi, ide
original, pandangan ke depan, berani dan
mampu menangani resiko
Menguasai teori/pengetahuan dan
ketrampilan untuk melaksanakan tugas
yang telah direncanakan
Competence
TRUS
T
TRUS
T
Commitment
Creativity
Connectivity
TRUS
T
1. GIS/ SDSS (Spatial Decision Support System) specialist
a. Designing SDSS
b. SDSS auditor
2. Environmental Analyst
a. Water management and waste management specialist
b. Natural/Energy Resource Assessment specialist
c. Natural Hazard Management specialist
3. Business planner/ evaluation expertise
a. Best Location analyst (supply side vs demand side)
b. Distribution Management specialist
4. Community Development expertise
a. Community dynamic assessment specialist
b. Spatial Social Engineering specialist
5. Urban planner
a. Urban ecologist
b. Urban planner specialist
1. Routine based
2. Subsidized
3. Conventional
4. Bureaucratic
5. Centralistic
1. Quality
2. Autonomy
3. Accountability
4. Accreditation
5. Evaluation
As a continues process to develop
multicultural building
Priority programs:
• Developing intellectual skills
• Developing competencies
• Developing attitudes
• Developing values/shared
values
Knowledge
based society
Multicultural
Understanding
Global Literacy
Analysis of spatial-temporal
dynamics
► Basic
pairs
change analysis. Normally for surface
2004
=
2000
red=positive, blue=negative
1993
The first two one-meter
black-and-white images
show an urban area under
development. In the
1993 image, the plain
black or gray areas
indicate land that has not
been developed.
1994
By 1994, these areas had
clearly acquired housing,
additional streets and culde-sacs. Nevertheless,
with the naked eye it is
difficult to decipher
exactly what changes
took place.
CHANGE
Using change detection,
one can easily see what
changes have taken place.
Red are added. Blue are
removed.
Mengukur Manfaat Bisnis GIS
Save money/ cost avoidance
Save time
► Increase efficiency
► Increase accuracy
► Increase productivity
► Generate revenue
► Support decision making
► Aid budgeting
► Automate workflow
► Build an Information Base
► Manage resource
► Improve access to government
► Increase communication and collaboration
►
►
Sumber: Thomas dan Ospina (ESRI), 2004
Business
• banking and insurance
• media
• real estate
Government
• administration/management
• cadastral
• economic development
• electronic
• finance
• health and human services
• law enforcement and criminal justice
Natural Resources
• agriculture
• forestry
Transportation
• logistics and fleet management
• transportation systems and network
Utilities
• electric and gas
• telecommunication
Improve access to government
Manage resources
Build an information base
Automate workflow
Aid budgeting
Support decision making
Generate revenue
Communication and collaboration
Increase productivity
Increase accuracy
Increase efficiency
Save time
Save money/ cost avoidance
Manfaat GIS dalam
Matriks Industri
(pengalaman ESRI)
Academic work focusing on real world
problems, their causes and possible solutions
WE ARE Living in an interconnected world
Liverpool 1979
Clemence, Neal, Kennedy A, Thompson, Hansen, Case,
Kennedy, Souness, McDermott, Dalglish, Johnson,
Hughes, Heighway, Fairclough
Chelsea 2004
Ambrosio, Babayaro, Bridge, Cech, Cole, Crespo,
Cudicini, Desailly, Duff, Ferreira, Gallas, Geremi,
Gronkjaer, Gudjohnsen, Hasselbaink, Huth,
Johnson, Kitamirike, Lampard, Macho, MakabaMakalamby, Makelele, Melchiot, Mutu, Nicolas,
Oliveira, Parker, Petit, Pidgeley, Robben, Rocastle,
Smertin, Stanic, Sullivan, Terry, Zenden
Dept. Geografi FMIPA UI, Kampus UI
Deppok
Telp 7270030