Proceeding ICGRC 2013 - Proceeding International Conference on

Proceeding ICGRC 2013
Mapping And Economic Potential Assesment Of Medicinal Plants in
Sumber Agung Village, Wan Abdul Rahmanpublic Forest Park,
Betung Mountain Lampung
Martha L. Lande1 and Suratman Umar2
1
Laboratory of Botany Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Lampung University
[email protected]
2
Laboratory Ecology Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Lampung University
[email protected]
Abstract
Wan Abdul Rahman Public Forest Park (TAHURA) is a forest reserve in Lampung that shelter various and
important biodiversity in particular medicinal plants. However, because of illegal activities and land functions
change into plantations the biodiversity contained in the forest park are suffered from disturbances and threats.
Before the threats are continuing ruin the park we conducted mapping and assessing the economic potential of
medicinal plants therein. It is hoped that our study results can be used as a consideration and data based for
designing policy to stop the destruction and other illegal activities in the precious forest park. The aim of this study
is to reveal the diversity and abundance of medicinal plants and mapping the distribution of those medicinal plants.
The research has been successfully conducted from June until October 2008 by surveying Sumber Agung village
area and conducting vegetation analysis by using quadrat method. Based on the results we concluded that in
Sumber Agung village was found 55 medicinal plant species that exist in the form of tree shrub and herb. Most of
those 55 medicinal plants species are distributed irregularly. Based on the economic assessment there was found
that the economic value the medicinal plants in the rank of Rp. 95.738 per hectare until Rp. 4.505.236 per hectare.
Keywords: Betung Mountain, Medicinal plants, mapping
Introduction
Plant diversity in Indonesia are natural resources with incredible high value. The high
potential value will provide great uses and benefit for the surrounding people if managed and use
properly. People Economic enforcement and developing knowledge on exploration and usage of
medicinal plants based on bioregional might provide higher added value [1] those medicinal
plants (BalaiPenelitianTanaman, 2007). Of those medicinal plants, however majorly have not yet
been known their use and hence their existence frequentlyare ignored or assumed as wild
plants.[2]
Recently in Indonesia, industry of traditional medicine are growing fastly. The fast
growing of traditional medicine industry also followed by the growth of supporting companies.
In 1981, the number of traditional medicine companies were 165 and by the year of 2000, the
companies have reached 985. In other side, the fast growing of traditional medicine industries
also increase demand of raw material which mostly only available from wild plants.[3]
Wan Abdul Rahman Forest Park is a reserve area in Lampung. The reserve area support
high important value biodiversity in particular medicinal plants. Because of high demand for
land and other forest products, the reserve areas are suffering from disturbances leading to
impoverish the biodiversity there in. Before the condition are continuing and reach the worst, the
authority of the forest reserve have designed some policies in trying to stop the disturbances. In
line with the authority efforts we conducted survey to inventory the diversity, abundance and
mapping of the medicinal plants in Sumber Agung Village, South-East part of the Wan Abdul
Rahman Forest Park. Hoped that the results of the survey and mapping might provide scientific
information and data about the plant diversity, abundance, distribution and potential economic
value of the medicinal plants in Wan Abdul Rahman Forest Park.
4th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation & 10th Indonesian Society for Plant Taxonomy Congress
Brawijaya University, February 7-8th, 2013
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Proceeding ICGRC 2013
Metodology
Time and Locality
The research was conducted in the area of Sumber Agung Village, Wan Abdul Rahman Forest Park.
Approximately, the conducted survey has covered areas of 492.75 hectare. Sampling was conducted from
June until October 2008. Plant samples were identified and analyzed in Botany Laboratory, FMIPA,
Lampung University.
Material and Method
Vegetation sampling were conducted randomly along the transect line by using quadrat method of
20x20 m for tree, 10x10 m for sapling, and 2x2 m for herb and seedling. Sampling point were determined
in 200 m difference elevation from 400 m, 600 m, 800 m, and 1,000 m above sea level.Coordinate of
point sampling and their elevation are measured with GPS Garmin 60 CSX. There were four grids along
three line transects and the total of quadrat samplings are 48.The quantitative data of vegetation include
plant diversity, density, frequency, dominancy and important value index. To inventory the uses of plants
for medicinal purposes, we also interviewed some local people who have prominent knowledge of
medicinal plants (traditional healer). Based on the plants quantitative data, medicinal uses and the current
local price per unit then we estimated the potential economic for each plant species.
Results and Discussion
Vegetation analysis conducted in Sumber Agung Village, Wan Abdul Rahman Forest Park from
elevation of 400 m until 1000 m above sea level showed interesting results. In Sumber Agung Village
area we identified 55 plant species belong to three growth phase namely seedling and herbs, sapling and
tree. Every different elevation showed different plant diversity and dominancy (Table.1). Under 1000 m
elevation, generally the area of DesaSumberAgung are dominated by plantation trees such as cacao,
coffee and banana meanwhile above 1000 m elevation the vegetation condition relatively undisturbed and
dominated by non-plantation and wild herbs.
Elevation (m)
Seedling and herb
Sapling
Tree
400
Humalim grandifolium
Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao
68.95 %
83.65 %
83.78 %
Humalium grandifolium
Zucarinia macrophyla
Zucarinia macrophyla
88.04 %
221.79 %
104.98 %
Humalium sp.
Musa sp
Theobroma cacao
28.59 %
186. 76 %
99.95 %
Diplazium sp.
Melastoma malabathricum
Lea indica
121.56%
274.74%
111.46%
600
800
1000
Table 1. Important Value Index of the most dominant plants in DesaSumberAgung
HERB PHASE
4th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation & 10th Indonesian Society for Plant Taxonomy Congress
Brawijaya University, February 7-8th, 2013
133
Proceeding ICGRC 2013
FASE TIANG
25%
Sum of INP
SAPLING PHASE
FASE PANCANG
27%
Plot
FASE PANCANG
FASE POHON
INP PERKETINGGIAN
SEEDLING PHASE
FASE SEMAI
18%
FASE SEMAI
FASE TIANG
TREE
FASEPHASE
POHON
30%
Figure 1. INP Plot Graphic
Sum of INP
Total; 800 M dpl; 25%
KETINGGIAN
Total; 600 M dpl; 25%
1000 M dpl
400 M dpl
Total; 1000 M dpl; 23%
600 M dpl
800 M dpl
Total; 400 M dpl; 27%
Drop Page Fields Here
Figure
2.INP 10
Height
Graphic
GRAFIK HARGA
TANAMAN
TERTINGGI
PRICE/ HECTARE
HARGA / HEKTAR
5000000
4505236,356
4500000
4000000
3500000
3000000 2870053,569
Drop Series Fields Here
2500000
Total
2000000
1500000
991787,7229 888354,3594
1000000
626984,6349
500000
195437,4413
352412,3861
348071,3893
95738,08798
259263,6977
0
Coklat
Durian
Hanjuang
Jarak
Karet
Kayu Marak
Kemiri
Kopi
Pisang
Sonokeling
SPECIES
Spesies
Figure 3. Graphic of 10 Most expensive plants
Conclusion
Based on the results and discussion we drawn some conclusions:
4th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation & 10th Indonesian Society for Plant Taxonomy Congress
Brawijaya University, February 7-8th, 2013
134
Proceeding ICGRC 2013
1. In Sumber Agung Village, we identified 1767 individual plants.
2. In Sumber Agung Village there were 55 medicinal plant species in the form of seedling and herbs,
sapling and tree.
3. The distribution of medicinal plant species in Sumber Agung Village is irregular.
4. The economic value of the medicinal plants in the rank of Rp. 95.738 per hectare until Rp. 4.505.236
per hectare.
References
[1] Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat Dan Aromatik. (2007),Seminar Nasional Dan Oameran
Perkembangan Teknologi Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik. Leaflet Badan Penelitian Dan
Pengembangan Pertanian.
[2] Hariana, A. 2004. Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya. Penebar Swadaya: Jakarta.
[3] Hasanah, M &Rusmin, D. (2006),Teknologi Pengolahan Benih Beberapa Tanaman Obat Di
Indonesia. Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat Dan Aromatik.
4th International Conference on Global Resource Conservation & 10th Indonesian Society for Plant Taxonomy Congress
Brawijaya University, February 7-8th, 2013
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