project

MANAJEMEN PROYEK
BAMBANG L. HAKIM, ST, M.KOM
Jurusan Teknik Elektro
UIN SUSKA Riau
1
Tujuan Perkuliahan
• Mahasiswa memahami prinsip-prinsip
dasar dan teknik-teknik dalam
mengelola proyek mulai dari tahap
perumusan, perencanaan, eksekusi
sampai pada tahap delivery dan
penutupan proyek.
2
Materi
Project
Networks
Reducing
Project Time
Scheduling
Resources
Define Project
Managing
Risks
Intro
Audit &
Closure
Partnering
Organization
Leadership
Monitoring
Progress
Teams
3
The Technological and Sociocultural
Dimensions of the Project Management
Process
Sociocultural
Leadership
Problem solving
Teamwork
Negotiation
Politics
Customer expectations
Technical
Scope
WBS
Schedules
Resource allocation
Baseline budgets
Status reports
4
Evaluasi
No. Keterangan
1. Tugas
2. UTS
3. UAS
TOTAL
Bobot
30%
35%
35%
100%
5
Bahan Pustaka
• “Project Management, the Managerial Process”, Gray &
Larson, Mc Graw Hill, 2003.
• Project Management, A System Approach to Planning,
Scheduling & Controlling, Kerzner, John Wiley, 2003.
• “Project Management, Techniques in Planning and
Controlling Construction Projects”, Ahuja dkk, Wiley,
2000.
• “Project Management for Engineering & Construction”,
Oberlender, Mc Graw Hill, 2000.
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FIRST THINGS FIRST :
WHAT IS A PROJECT ???
• The characteristics of projects :
–
–
–
–
Complex and numerous activities
Unique --- a one time set of events
Limited resources and budget
Many people involved, usually across
several functional areas in the
organizations
– Sequenced activities
– Goal oriented
– End product or service must result
7
Variasi Produk vs Volume
Tinggi
PROJECT
Variasi Produk
JOBBING
BATCH
LINE
CONTINUOUS
PROCESS
Rendah
Rendah
Tinggi
Volume
8
Project Management
The art and science of
coordinating people, equipment,
materials, money and schedules
to complete a specified project
on time and within approved
cost.
9
Everyone is a project
manager,
but…
not everyone knows how to
plan and manage the project
10
Manajemen Proyek vs Kegiatan
Operasional
KEGIATAN PROYEK
KEGIATAN OPERASIONAL
a. Bercorak dinamis, non rutin
b. Siklus proyek relatif pendek
c. Intensitas kegiatan didalam
periode
siklus
proyek
berfluktuasi
d. Kegiatan harus diselesaikan
berdasarkan
anggaran
dan
jadwal yang telah ditentukan
e. Terdiri dari bermacam-macam
kegiatan yang memerlukan
berbagai disiplin ilmu
f. Keperluan
sumber
daya
berubah, baik macam maupun
volumenya
a. Berulang-ulang (rutin)
b. Berlangsung
dalam
jangka
panjang
c. Intensitas kegiatan relatif sama.
d. Batasan anggaran dan jadwal
tidak setajam dalam proyek.
e. Macam-macam kegiatan tidak
terlalu banyak dan terkadang
terdiri dari disiplin ilmu tunggal.
f. Macam dan volume keperluan
sumber daya relatif konstan.
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PROJECT SYSTEMS
Quality
Document
control
Project
Performance
Analysis
Estimating
Payroll &
Personnel
Safety
PROJECT
Small
control
tool
Equipment
Control
Progress
Control
Sub Contract
Admin
Control
Cost Control
General
Accounting
Material
Control
12
Project
Constraints/Trade-Offs
SCOPE
SCHEDULE
BUDGET
Quality
13
Project Life Cycle
Planning
Execution
Delivery
Level of effort
Definition
1. Goals
2. Specifications
3. Tasks
4. Responsibilities
5. Teams
1. Schedules
2. Budgets
3. Resources
4. Risks
5. Staffing
1. Status reports
2. Changes
3. Quality
4. Forecasts
1. Train customer
2. Transfer documents
3. Release resources
4. Reassign staff
5. Lessons learned
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5 PHASE
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
PLANNING
DEFINE
IMPLEMENTATION
PLAN
ORGANIZE
¨
Determine
personnelneeds
CONTROL
¨ State the
problem
¨ Identify project
activities
¨ Identify project
goals
¨ Estimate time & ¨ Recruit project
manager
cost
¨ List the
objectives
¨ Recruit project
¨ Sequence
team
project activities
¨ Determine
preliminary
resources
¨ Identify critical
activities
¨
Organize project
team
¨
¨ Write project
proposal
¨
Assign work
packages
¨ Identify
assumptions
and risks
1
2
3
¨ Define
management
style
¨
¨
¨
CLOSE
¨ Obtain client
acceptance
¨ Install
deliverables
Establish control
tools
¨ Document the
project
Prepare status
reports
¨ Issue the final
report
Review project
schedule
¨ Conduct post
implementation
Issue change
audit
orders
4
5
DELIVERABLES
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PLAN
 Identify project
activities
 Estimate time &
cost
 Sequence
project activities
 Identify critical
activities
• WBS
• Project Network
• Critical Path
• Project Proposal
 Write project
proposal
16
ORGANIZE
• Recruitment Criteria
• Work Package Description
• Work Package Assignments
17
CONTROL
• Variance Reports
• Status Reports
• Staff Allocations Reports
CLOSE
• Final Reports
• Audit Reports
18
Project Planning, Scheduling &
Controlling
Project Planning
Project Scheduling
Project Controlling
Before project
During project
Start of project
19
Perencanaan
• Penetapan tujuan
• Mendefinisikan proyek
• Mengkaitkan kebutuhan dengan
aktivitas proyek
• Mengorganisasikan team
20
Tools Perencanaan Proyek
•
•
•
•
•
•
Estimasi waktu dan biaya
Anggaran
Cash flow
Ketersediaan bahan
Data personel
Gambar-gambar teknik
21
Penjadwalan Proyek
• Mengkaitkan sumber daya (TK, uang,
bahan) dengan aktivitas-aktivitas
tertentu.
• Mengkaitkan satu aktivitas dengan
aktivitas yang lain.
• Meng-update dan merevisi jadwal
secara berkala.
22
Tools Penjadwalan Proyek
•
•
•
•
Gantt charts
CPM dan PERT
Milestone chart
Cash flow schedules
23
Pengendalian Proyek
• Memonitor sumber daya, biaya,
kualitas dan budgets.
• Merevisi dan merubah rencana.
• Menggeser-geser sumber daya untuk
memenuhi permintaan terhadap
waktu, biaya dan kualitas.
24
Tools Pengendalian
Proyek
• Report-report yang menggambarkan :
–
–
–
–
Anggaran untuk setiap departemen
Aktivitas-aktivitas yang tertunda
Slack activities
Kualitas pekerjaan yang telah
diselesaikan.
25
Ruang Lingkup
Pekerjaan Manajer Proyek
Project
Plan & Schedule
Revisions & Updates
Resources
Production
Dept.
Engineering
Dept.
Information
regarding
times, costs,
problem,
delays
Project
Systems
Project
Team
Performance Reports
Personnel
Dept.
Purchasing
Dept.
Supplies
Feedback loop
Top
Management
Subcontractors
Quality Control
Dept.
26
Key areas of project
management and project
managers
•
•
•
•
•
Planning
Scheduling
Budgeting
Managing resources
Tracking & reporting progress
27
Integrated Management of
Projects
Customer
Environmental analysis
External
Internal
Firm
mission,
goals, strategies
Priorities
Projects
System
Scope
Work Breakdown
Networks
Resources
Cost
Environment
and Culture
Organization
Leadership
Teams
Partners
Project Implementation
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