Program Book ICBS 2023

The 8th International Conference on Biological Sciences
Leveraging Biodiversity to Support Green
Economy and Climate Resilience
Program and Abstract Book
Organized by:
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The following organizations are gratefully acknowledged for supporting
the 8th International Conference on Biological Science (ICBS 2023)
Our Partners
Our Sponsors
2
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
2
TABLE OF CONTENT
3
WELCOMING SPEECH FROM CHAIRPERSON OF THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
4
OPENING REMARKS FROM THE DEAN FACULTY OF BIOLOGY UNIVERSITAS GADJAH
MADA
5
CONFERENCE PROGRAM OUTLINE
7
CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
9
PARTICIPANT GUIDELINES
14
ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
18
ABSTRACT BOOK
43
KEYNOTE & INVITED SPEAKERS
43
ORAL PARTICIPANTS
49
POSTER PARTICIPANTS
167
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ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
WELCOMING SPEECH FROM CHAIRPERSON
OF THE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Assalammu’alaikum Warakhmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Your excellency, Rector of Universitas Gadjah Mada
Your excellency, Dean of The Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Your excellency, Deputy Dean in Research, Development & Publications, Faculty of Applied Sciences and
Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
Distinguished guest, speakers, participants, sponsors,
Ladies and gentlemen
On behalf of the Conference Organizing Committee, I would like to express my great pleasure to welcome
you to The 8 th International Conference on Biological Science (ICBS 2023), hosted by Faculty of Biology
Universitas Gadjah Mada, jointly organized with Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) and supported
by Konsorsium Biologi Indonesia (KOBI).
This year ICBS theme is “Leveraging Biodiversity to Support Green Economy and Climate Resilience”
continuing the tradition of international scientific dialogues on biodiversity through the biennial ICBS since
2009. We have accommodated 7 topics and received more than 150 papers from USA, India, Australia,
Mexico, Malaysia, and Indonesia, which will be presented either offline or online. We believe that the
conference provides great opportunities to exchange and collaborate scientific knowledge and research
experiences.
Selected papers from ICBS 2023 will be published in BIO Web of Conferences, Journal of Tropical
Biodiversity and Biotechnology (JTBB), and Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology (IJBioTech) which are
indexed in Scopus and Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ). We hope these open access publications
can give advantages among presenters to get access easily from everywhere in the world.
On this occasion, we profusely express gratitude to all of the speakers: Prof. Dr. Michael Sauer, Prof. Dr.
Satyawan Pudyatmoko, Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. Muhammad Abdul Latiff Bin Abu Bakar, Prof. Taku Demura and
Prof. Ratna Susandarini, for delivering valuable scientific information. We also gratefully acknowledge the
members of the scientific committee who reviewed hundreds of submissions, and our steering and organizing
committee who worked very hard over the last year to prepare and organize this conference. We are also very
grateful for the strong support and participation of our sponsors and exhibitors.
I realize that we have shortcomings in organizing this conference, and for that I apologize to all of the
speakers, participants, sponsorships, and committee members.
Finally, I would like to hope that we can get valuable information from this 2 day conference.
Thank you
Dr. Miftahul Ilmi, M.Si.
Chairman of the 8th ICBS
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ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
OPENING REMARKS FROM THE DEAN FACULTY OF BIOLOGY
UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA
8th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
“Leveraging Biodiversity to Support Green Economy and Climate Resilience”
Prof. Budi Setiadi Daryono, Ph.D.
Dean, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Chairman, Indonesia Biology Consortium (KOBI)
Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahim
Assalamu`alaikum wr.wb.
Greetings,
I am delighted to welcome all of you to this highly significant event, The 8th International Conference
on Biological Sciences (ICBS). As the Dean of the Faculty of Biology UGM, I feel a sense of pride
and honor in inaugurating this conference, which serves as a valuable platform for scientists,
researchers, and practitioners in the field of biology to share their knowledge, ideas, and the latest
innovations.
The theme for this year, "Leveraging Biodiversity to Support Green Economy and Climate
Resilience," is extremely pertinent and pressing. We are all well aware that environmental
challenges and climate change are global threats that demand a collective response from the entire
scientific community and the world at large. In this context, biodiversity plays an immensely crucial
role. Biodiversity is not only a natural treasure to be preserved but also a resource that can support
a green economy and resilience to climate change.
Through this conference, we hope to delve deeper into how we can harness biodiversity to build a
sustainable economy and enhance resilience to climate change. We expect participants to engage
in discussions, collaborate, and share insights that can bring about positive change in how we
understand, preserve, and utilize biological diversity.
I would like to express my gratitude to all the speakers (Prof. Dr. Satyawan Pudyatmoko, Director
General of KSDAE, The Ministry of Environment and Forestry, Indonesia; Pof. Madya Ts. Dr.
Muhammad Abdul Latiff Bin Abu Bakar, Universiti Tun Hussein onn Malaysia; Prof. Dr. Michael
Sauer, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, BOKU, Austria; Prof. Taku Demura, Nara
Institute of Science and Technology, Japan and Prof. Dr. Dra. Ratna Susandarini, M.Sc., Faculty of
Biology, UGM), organizers, and participants who have contributed to making ICBS this year a
reality. Let us collectively make this conference a productive platform to strengthen our
understanding of the importance of biodiversity in achieving a green economy and resilience to
climate change.
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ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Enjoy the entire The 8th ICBS program, and may this conference mark an important initial step in our
journey towards a more sustainable and resilient future.
Thank you.
Wassalamu`alaikum wr.wb.
Dean of the Faculty of Biology
Prof. Dr. Budi Setiadi Daryono, M.Agr.,Sc.
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ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
CONFERENCE PROGRAM OUTLINE
Zoom Meeting
Meeting ID
: 982 2311 8515
Passcode
: 481330
Zoom Link
: http://ugm.id/8thICBS
Virtual Background
: http://ugm.id/ICBS2023
DAY 1: Friday, October 27th 2023
Time
Date
GMT+7
GMT+5
GMT+6
GMT+5,5
GMT+2
Yogyakarta
Japan
Malaysia
India
Austria
Program
Details
07:30-08:00 05:30-06:00 06:30-07:00 06:00-06:30 02:30-03:00 Registration
08:00-08:05 06:00-06:05 07:00-07:05 06:30-06:35 03:00-03:05
Opening by
MC
08:05-08:15 06:05-06:15 07:05-07:15 06:35-06:45 03:05-03:15
Stage Performance:
VoB
08:15-08:25 06:15-06:25 07:15-07:25 06:45-06:55 03:15-03:25
Stage Performance:
KMP Traditional
Dance
08:25-08:35 06:25-06:35 07:25-07:35 06:55-07:05 03:25-03:35
Chairperson of ICBS
2023
08:35-08:45 06:35-06:45 07:35-07:45 07:05-07:15 03:35-03:45
Director of Learning
and Student Affairs:
Prof. Dr. Sri Suning
Kusumawardani, S.T,
M.T. (Video)
Opening
Ceremony
Friday, Oct
27th 2023
08:45-08:55 06:45-06:55 07:45-07:55 07:15-07:25 03:45-03:55
Dean of Faculty
Biology, Universitas
Gadjah Mada
08.55-09.05 06:55-07:05 07:55-08:05 07:25-07:35 03:55-04:05
Director of Directorate
of Research UGM:
Prof. Dr. Mirwan
Ushada
Photo Session
08:05-09:30 06:55-07:30 07:55-08:30 07:25-08:00 03:55-04:30
Morning
Coffee
Break
09:30-10:15 07:30-08:15 08:30-09:15 08:00-08:45 04:30-05:15
Keynote
Speaker
10:15-10:30 08:15-08:30 09:15-09:30 08:45-09:00 05:15-05:30
Q&A
Prof. Dr. Satyawan
Pudyatmoko (The
Ministry of
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ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Time
Date
GMT+7
GMT+5
GMT+6
GMT+5,5
GMT+2
Yogyakarta
Japan
Malaysia
India
Austria
Program
Details
Environment and
Forestry of Indonesia
10:30-11:15 08:30-09:15 09:30-10:15 09:00-09:45 05:30-06:15
Invited
Speaker 1
11:15-11:30 09:15-09:30 10:15-10:30 09:45-10:00 06:15-06:30
Q&A
Prof. Madya Ts. Dr.
Muhammad Abdul
Latiff bin Abu Bakar
(UTHM, Malaysia)
11:30-13:00 09:30-11.00 10:30-12:00 10:00-11:30 06:30-08:00 Lunch Break
13:00-15:00 11:00-13:00 12:00-14:00 11:30-13:30 08:00-10:00
Parallel
Session 1
15:00-15:30 13:00-13:30 14:00-14:30 13:30-14:00 10:00-10:30
Coffee
Break
15:30-16:15 13:30-14:15 14:30-15:15 14:00-14:45 10:30-11:15
Keynote
Speaker 2
16:15-16:30 14:15-14:30 15:15-15:30 14:45-15:00 11:15-11:30
Q&A
16:30-16:45 14:30-14:45 15:30-15:45 15:00-15:15 11:30-11:45
Closing by
MC
Poster Session
Prof. Dr. Michael
Sauer , Head of
Department of
Biotechnology OMV
AG (University of
Natural Resources
and Life Sciences,
BOKU, Austria)
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DAY 2: Saturday, October 28th 2023
Time
Date
GMT+7
GMT+5
GMT+6
GMT+5,5
GMT+2
Yogyakarta
Japan
Malaysia
India
Austria
Program
Details
07:00-08:00 05:00-06:00 06:00-07:00 05:30-06:30 02:00-03:00 Registration
08:00-08:05 06:00-06:05 07:00-07:05 06:30-06:35 03:00-03:05
Opening by
MC
08:05-08:50 06:05-06:50 07:05-07:50 06:35-07:20 03:05-03:50
Invited
Speaker 2
08:50-09:05 06:50-07:05 07:50-08:05 07:20-07:35 03:50-04:05
Q&A
09:05-09:15 07:05-07:15 08:05-08:15 07:35-07:45 04:05-04:15
Morning
Coffee
Break
09:15-12:15 07:15-10:15 08:15-11:15 07:45-10:45 04:15-07:15
Parallel
Session 2
Prof. Dr. Dra. Ratna
Susandarini, M.Sc.
(Faculty of Biology,
UGM)
12:15-13:00 10:15-11:00 11:15-12:00 10:45-11:30 07:15-08:00 Lunch Break
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
13:00-15:00 11:00-13:00 12:00-14:00 11:30-13:30 08:00-10:00
Parallel
Session 3
15:00-15:30 13:00-13:30 14:00-14:30 13:30-14:00 10:00-10:30
Coffee
Break
Poster Session
15:30-16:00 13:30-14:00 14:30-15:00 14:00-14:30 10:30-11:00
Award Conferral and
Closing Ceremony
16:00-16:20 14:00-14.20 15:00-15:20 14:30-14:50 11:00-11:20
Vice Dean for
Research, Community
Service, Cooperation
and Alumni : Dr. Eko
Agus Suyono, S.Si.,
M.App.Sc.
16:20-16:30 14.20-14.30 15:20-15:30 14:50-16:00 11:20-11:30
Closing
Ceremony
Closing by MC
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CONFERENCE COMMITTEE
Steering Committee
Prof. Dr. Budi Setiadi Daryono, M.Agr.Sc.
Dr. Bambang Retnoaji, M.Sc.
Dr. Slamet Widiyanto, M.Sc.
Dr. Eko Agus Suyono, M.App.Sc
Organizing Committee
Chairman
Dr. Miftahul Ilmi, S.Si., M.Si.
Liaison Officer
Dr.rer.nat. Abdul Rahman Siregar, S.Si. M.Biotech.
Mukhlish Jamal Musa Holle, S.Si., M.Env.Sc.
Secretaries
Sari Darmasiwi, S.Si., M.Biotech., Ph.D
Proceedings and Publications
Novita Yustinadiar, S.Si., M.Si.
Wahyu Aristyaning Putri, S.Si., M.Sc., Ph.D.
Dr. Dwi Sendi Priyono, S.Si., M.Si.
Treasurers
Titin Fauziah, S.E., M.B.A.
Promotion and Sponsorships
Anastiwi Intan Kurnia Sari, A.Md.
Dr. Siti Nurbaiti, S.Si.
Pardiso
Annisa Mawarni, S.Si.
Heru Praptomo, A.Md
Anysah Nur Fauziyah, S.Si.
Adriana Tita Suryawati, S.Si.
Salwa Shabria Wafi, A.Md.
Theresia Kusumawati, S.Pd.
Audy Syavanova
Equipment
Hafidz Azhar Maskuri
Tyas Ikhsan Hikmawan, S.Si., M.S., Ph.D.
Wahida Aulia Rahma
Mulyanto, S.T., M.M.
Sujiman
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Pre-conference workshops PI
Mardhani
Dr. Fajar Sofyantoro, M.Sc.
Dr. Wiko Arif Wibowo, S.Si.
Information and Technology
Sekarani Arifah Udasmara
Aris Setiawan, A.Md.
Adiva Aphrodita
Baskoro Sinelir
Tsabitah Putri Asmalda
Dimas Cahya Rohman K., S.Psi
Lucia Desti Anitasari, S.Si.
Ichsan Risalba, S.Tr.T.
Delvira Sari
Abimanyu Dimas Cahyo Setyanto
Consumption
Sheva Rimma Dhanty
Ch. Sri Widati Rahayu, A.Md.
Catherine Tedjasaputra
Trisni Arini, S.E.
Multimedia
Giano Excelsis Pangemanan, S.Si.
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Academic Reviewers
No
Name
Institution
1.
Dr. Arli Aditya
Parikesit Head of Bioinformatics Department School of
Life Sciences Department of Bioinformatics Indonesia
International Institute for Life Sciences
2.
Dr. Alexandros Xafis
Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth
Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
3.
Dr. Alona Linatoc
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, UTHM,
Malaysia
4.
Prof. Yongsheng Zhang
Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, 548 Binwen Rd.,
Binjiang District, Hangzhou, China
5.
Prof. Ence Darmo
Jaya Supena Biology IPB
6.
Dr. Furzani Pa'ee
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti
Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
7.
Prof. L. Hartanto Nugroho
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
8.
Dr. Maria Rios
Departamento de Paleobiologı´a, Museo Nacional de
Ciencias Naturales-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
9.
Prof. Parvez Alam
School of Engineering, Institute for Materials and
Processes, The University of Edinburgh, UK
10.
Prof. Purnomo Purnomo
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
11
Dr. Richard Luke Daniels
Biology Department, College of Idaho, America
12.
Prof. Shao Lun
Department of Life Science & Center for Ecology and
Environment, Tunghai University, Taiwan
13.
Prof. Uma Ramakrishnan
National Center for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute
of Fundamental Research, India
14.
Prof. Budi Setiadi Daryono
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
15.
Prof. Ratna Susandarini
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
16.
Prof. Diah Rachmawati
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
17.
Dr. Endang Semiarti
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
18.
Dr. Tjut SUgandawati Djohan
Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada
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No
Name
Institution
19.
Ratoe Soraya, M.D. Ph.D.
Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University Japan
20.
Laurentz Frants
Queens Mary London
21.
Dr. Siti Fatimah Binti Sabran
Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, UTHM.
22.
Dr. Nobutoshi Yamaguchi
NAIST, Japan
23.
Yoshihiko Yano, M.D., Ph.D.
Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe University Japan
24.
Prof. Craig Moritz
Director of the Centre for Biodiversity Analysis
Australian National University
25.
Prof. Em. Dr. Datin Maryati
Mohammed
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn, Malaysia
26.
Dr. Ahmed Abd El Wahed
Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public
Health, University of Leipzig, Germany
27.
Prof. Dr. Joana Falcao Salles
Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences,
Netherlands
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PARTICIPANT GUIDELINES
A. ORAL PRESENTATION GUIDELINES
The device infrastructure needed:
a. Computer/ Notebook equipped with a webcam
b. Zoom application (Each participant is required to install the Zoom Client
Desktop before joining the conference). The link will be provided by the
committee.
Oral Presenters’ Preparation:
a. The
presentation
file
must
be
submitted
via
https://icbs.biologi.ugm.ac.id/oral-presentation-guideline/ no later than
October 20th, 2023.
b. Naming convention – Please save all files with the following format:
oral_presenter name_offline/online.
Presentation Guideline:
● A total of 15 minutes has been allocated for each presentation. It is
recommended that the talk be no longer than 10 minutes, allowing 5 minutes
for questions and discussion
● Your slides will be screen-shared by committee member
● Q&A Session:
Online : Participants who want to ask may write questions in the chat box or
use the “raise hand” feature.
System Requirements
▪
It is recommended to use at least MS PowerPoint 2010 or PDF format.
▪
If you use an older version of PowerPoint, be aware that some graphics,
colors, or fonts may change.
▪
If there is audio in the presentation, please give a notice while in the
registration.
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B. POSTER GALLERY GUIDELINES
Schedule for Poster Gallery
All posters will be on display in the Poster Gallery for registered Conference
participants throughout the entire Conference. Offline conference participants will be
able to give questions and vote on posters by stamping stickers (each participant
has a maximum of 2 opportunities to vote). Online conference participants will be
able to view posters through the ICBS website and vote for them through Google
Forms (each participant has a maximum of 2 opportunities to vote). We encourage
poster presenters to respond to questions and comments during the Conference
period.
C. MAIN SESSION GUIDELINES
Rules and Regulations during the Zoom Main Room Sessions ICBS 2023
1. All participants are obliged to:
a. Display their names on Zoom Meeting according to the names they have
written on their submitted papers or the names used to register for this
conference.
b. Mute their microphones if it is not their turn to present/speak.
2. All participants are highly recommended to turn on their video (if their internet
connection is stable) and adjust their microphone volumes when it is their turn to
present/speak.
3. All participants must use the virtual background that has been provided by the
committee in following Google Drive folder: http://ugm.id/ICBS2023
4. Participants who have questions during presentations are allowed to:
a. Use the “Raise Hand” feature and deliver their questions directly.
b. Submit their questions on the Zoom chat box and then deliver them directly or
let the moderator relay them.
5. If there are any technical difficulties, participants can contact one of the committees
with the name “Com_Name” and ask for their help.
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Joining Breakout Room for Parallel Session
a.
b.
c.
d.
Log in to the ZOOM application.
Join the main room with the link given.
Only participants with the correct name format will be allowed to join.
Click Breakout Rooms in the meeting controls.
e. There will be a list of open breakout rooms, participants are allowed to self-select
and join any breakout rooms of their interest.
f. Hover your pointer to the right of the breakout room name, click Join, then confirm
by clicking Join.
g. Repeat the steps to join other breakout rooms, or click Leave Breakout Room to
return to the main room.
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Rules and Regulations during Breakout Room for Parallel Session ICBS 2023
1. All participants are obligated to
a. Join the breakout room for the parallel session on time.
b. Use names as submitted on the full paper or conference registration.
2. All participants are highly recommended to turn on their video (if their internet
connection is stable) and adjust their microphone volumes when it is their turn to
present/speak.
3. All participants must use the virtual background that has been provided by the
committee in following Google Drive folder: http://ugm.id/ICBS2023
4. Participants who have questions during presentations are allowed to:
a. Use the “Raise Hand” feature and deliver their questions directly.
b. Submit their questions on the Zoom chat box and then deliver them directly or
let the moderator relay them.
5. Participants are able to start the presentation after being given permission by the
moderator.
6. A total of 15 minutes has been allocated for each presentation. It is recommended
that the talk be no longer than 10 minutes, allowing 5 minutes for questions and
discussion. Presentations that exceed 10 minutes will be stopped by the moderator.
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ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
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PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
Room 1 (Orchid)
Offline
Session Chair: Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung, S.Si., M.Sc., Ph.D.
Assistant Moderator: Tsabitah Putri Asmalda
Date
Friday
Oct 27th
2023
Session
Parallel
Session
1
Registered Name
Title
Elysia Mutiara
Azizah, Budi Setiadi
Daryono and
Patricia Graciella
Audrey
Prajaningtyas
Polymorphism Analysis of
the Insulin-like Growth
Factor-1 (IGF-1) Gene
Encoding Growth in F5
Golden Kamper Chicken
(Gallus gallus domesticus)
Integrated GIS Database
System for Betta Fish
Habitat Conservation and
Management: Analysis of
Ayer Hitam Utara
Environmental Factors
Analysis Resistance of
Malathion and
Cypermethrin Insecticide in
Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus,
1973) from Kaliwungu
Kudus and Kotagede
Yogyakarta using CDC
Bottle Bioassay
Nazirah Mohamad
Abdullah
Afghan Azka Falah
and Upiek Ngesti
Wibawaning Astuti
Saturday
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session
2
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
Noor Nailis
Sa'Adah, Raisa
Ananda
Prameswari and
Awik Puji Dyah
Nurhayati
THE
ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIA
ACTIVITY OF PARIJOTO
(Medinilla speciosa)
METHANOL EXTRACT ON
LIVER HISTOLOGY OF
MICE (Mus musculus)
09:15-09:30
Lutfiani Ainur Nisa,
Joni Kusnadi and
Estri Laras
Arumingtyas
Green Synthesis of Plant
Extract Nanoparticles: A
Review
09:30-09:45
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Date
Session
Registered Name
Estri Laras
Arumingtyas, Ainun
Sayyidah Zakiyah,
Dian Siswanto and
Joni Kusnadi
Qonita Fillah,
Slamet Widiyanto
and Nastiti
Wijayanti
Nadhifa Tazkia
Ramadhani, Windri
Handayani, Yasman
Yasman and Afiatry
Putrika
Siti Mudrikah, Laila
Widi Utami, Renada
Oktavia, Aisha
Sayidinar, Arfista
Deska Khairunnisa,
Arli Siti Nurlaila,
Renisha Windy
Puspita Sari,
Muhammad Ariq
Alfito, Luthfi Azizatul
Ulya, Nabilah
Amaliah, Mutiara Tri
Wulandari, Alivia
Nur Maysaroh,
Indira Amani
Kurniawan, Alifia
Nur Hidayah,
Valeria Nawang
Riris Lintang
Kaloka, Nurhayati,
Rr. Rahil Aufa
Astagina Rahman
and Abdul Razaq
Chasani
Title
The Efficiency of
ISSR-SCAR and
BAC-SCAR Markers for
Chili Peppers’ Pungency
Identification using
Multiplex PCR Method
Antioxidant Ativity and
Cytotoxicity of Kawista
(Limonia acidissima L.)
Leaves Aqueous Extract on
RAW 264.7 Macrophage
Cells
Metabolite Profiling and
Bioprospecting of
Acrolejeunea fertilis
(Reinw., Blume & Nees)
Schiffn. from Kebun Raya
Cibodas, West Java
MACROALGAL
COMMUNITY
STRUCTURE IN
INTERTIDAL ZONE OF
SARANGAN BEACH,
GUNUNGKIDUL, D. I.
YOGYAKARTA
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
09:45-10:00
10:00-10:15
10:15-10:30
10:30-10:45
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Date
Session
Registered Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Yunita Messe, Hari
Purwanto and
Nastiti Wijayanti
Cytotoxic Activities of Apis
nigrocincta Smith Crude
Venom Against T47D
Breast Cancer Cell
10:45-11:00
Ummu Mikyal Abdul
Halim, Nor Hazmin
Sabri, Fatimah
Hashim and Nur
Humairah Amni
Mohd Wuzri
How Wi-Fi Impacts Cellular
Health: Unveiling the
Potential Effects on
Acanthamoeba Cells.
11:00-11:15
Nur Imanina
Abdullah Thaidi,
Muhammad Azmirul
Yusuf, Zahir Haizat
Muhamad Zamani,
Joo Shun Tan,
Rosfarizan
Mohamad, Helmi
Wasoh and Murni
Halim
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF
HYALURONIC
ACIDS-SILVER
NANOPARTICLES USING
MICROALGAE EXTRACTS
AND EVALUATION OF
ANTIMICROBIAL
ACTIVITY
11:15-11:30
Ucu Julita, Lulu
Lusianti Fitri and
Agus Dana
Permana
Sovia Santi
Leksikowati and
Diah Rachmawati
Saturday
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session
3
Chairunnisa Afrianti,
Novita M. Widiarti,
Indria Z. Akbar,
Eurico P.
Rachmanto,
Muhammad F.
Hanif, Rahmat A.
Amin, Kaswanto,
Harityas Wiyoga
and Amarizni
Mosyaftiani
Effects of Male and Female
Body Size on Mating
performance of The Black
Soldier Fly, Hermetia
illucens L. (Diptera:
Stratiomyidae)
Distribution of silicon in
different organ of bamboo
(Gigantochloa apus (Schult.
& Schult.) Kubz ex Munro))
An Assessment of Urban
Forest Landscape Services
for Green Space
Management Improvement
in Bandung City, West
Java, Indonesia
11:30-11:45
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
21
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Zheng Hua Lum,
Siti Fatimah
Sabran, Aqilah Awg
Abdul Rahman and
Wen Chan Chian
Utilization of Plant-Based
Wastes For A Sustainable
Preparation of Nutrient-Rich
Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia
illucens)
13:30-13:45
Intan Sartika Risky
Sampurna, Suharti
Suharti, Arief
Hidayatullah and
Nur Faridah
Unveiling Porcine
Contamination in
Halal-uncertified
Cosmetics: Detection
through Existing Procedure
using DNeasy Mericon
Food Kit DNA Extraction
and Real-time qPCR
13:45-14:00
Miftahul Jannah,
Ratna Susandarini,
L.Hartanto Nugroho
and Rina Sri
Kasiamdari
Species Diversity of Usnea
(Parmeliacea) in Forest
Area of Cikole, Mount Putri,
West Java
14:00-14:15
Aulia Rahman, Tanti
Rahayu, Kumara
Rahmawati Zain,
Gravinda
Widyaswara and
Nanda Vatun
Uswatuya
Antibody Detection of
Toxoplasma gondii on
Blood Donor at PMI Kota
Yogyakarta by Rapid
Diagnostic Methods in 2022
14:15-14:30
22
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
Room 2 (Magnolia)
Offline
Session Chair: Dr. Nur Indah Septriani, S.Si., M.Sc.
Assistant Moderator: Catherine Tedjasaputra
Date
Friday,
Oct 27th
2023
Session
Registered Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Pauliz Budi Hastuti,
Seed Dormancy Breaking and
Wiwin Dyah Ully
Germination Rate
Parwati, Heri
Improvement in Mucuna
Purwanto, Rudi
bracteate seeds using
Nirwantono, Teddy
Mechanical and Fungicide
Suparyanto and
Treatment
Bens Pardamean
13:00-13:15
Nur Hartini Sariyati,
Hidayah Haris,
Farah Farhana
Comparison of Metabarcoding
Ramli, Suliadi
Techniques for Dietary
Firdaus Sufahani Assessment in Herbivores and
and Muhammad
Omnivores
Abu Bakar
Abdul-Latiff
13:15-13:30
Farah Farhana
Ramli, Kaviarasu
Munian,
Nursyuhada
Parallel
Session 1 Othman, Nur Hartini
Sariyati, Nurfatiha A Comparative Assessment of
Akmal Fawwazah
16S Ribosomal RNA and
Abdullah-Fauzi,
Cytochrome Oxidase I Primers
Mohd Lokman
for Amphibian DNA Barcoding
Ilham-Norhakim,
Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latiff
13:30-13:45
Nurfatiha Akmal
Fawwazah
Abdullah-Fauzi,
Nursyuhada
Othman, Hidayah
Evaluating the Effects of
Wildlife Utilization on
Conservation Efforts in
Southeast Asian Countries
13:45-14:00
23
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Nursyuhada
Othman, Hidayah
Haris, Nur Hartini
Sariyati, Farah
Farhana Ramli,
Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latiff
Application of Next-Generation
Sequencing Technology in
Southeast Asia: A Practical
Framework for Advancing
Wildlife Conservation
14:00-14:15
Hidayah Haris, Nur
Hartini Sariyati,
Farah Farhana
Ramli, Nurfatiha
Akmal Fawwazah
Abdullah-Fauzi,
Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latiff
Assessing Methodological
Variability in Wildlife
Microbiome Studies: Lessons
from Malaysian Wildlife for
Effective Conservation
Strategies
14:15-14:30
Berry Fakhry Hanifa,
New Distribution of the
Muhamad Aslam
Hourglass Toad (Leptophryne
Fadhilah,
borbonica) in Bromo Tengger
Muhammad Asmuni
Semeru National Park: Habitat
Hasyim, Sandra
Assessment and Potential
Rafika Devi and
Food Preferences
Luhur Septiad
09:15-09:30
Registered Name
Haris, Nur Hartini
Sariyati, Farah
Farhana Ramli,
Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latiff
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 2
Gravinda
Widyaswara, Aulia
Detection of Toxoplasma
Rahman, Kumara gondii on Blood Donor at PMI
Rahmawati Zain, Kabupaten Magelang by Rapid
Tanti Rahayu and
Diagnostic Methods in 2022
Nursita Andriyani K
Morphological Variation of
Bima Kurniawan
Gemmae in Marchantia spp.
and Rina Sri
(Marchantiophyta:
Kasiamdari
Marchantiaceae) in Central
Java
09:30-09:45
09:45-10:00
24
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered Name
Title
Effect of silicon priming on
Dessy Ulfianida and germination and growth of rice
Diah Rachmawati
(Oryza sativa L.) in drought
condition
Biology of Common Snapping
Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) as
Rajendra Regaputra
The Base of Knowledge for
and Zuliyati Rohmah
Enclosure Modification in
Kampung Satwa
Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized
Windri Handayani,
with Tannic Acid as Nano-seed
Richard O. Tanadi
Priming Agent for Zea mays L.
and Aminah Aminah
Seed Germination
Tri Cahyanto, Ayuni
The Optimization of DNA
Adawiyah, Anisa
Extraction Method for Halal
Fauziah, Yuni
Authentication in Meatballs
Kulsum, Afriansyah
Employing Incubation Time
Fadilah and
Variation
Nurhayati Nurhayati
10:00-10:15
10:15-10:30
10:30-10:45
10:45-11:00
Hana Widiawati,
The Effect of Salicylic Acid on
Sukirno Sukirno, Sri
Growth and Yield of Oryza
Koerniati, Aziz
sativa L. ‘Sembada Hitam’
Purwantoro and
under Salt Stress
Kumala Dewi
11:00-11:15
Antiangiogenic Activity of
Pineapple (Ananas comosus)
Stem Extract on Chicken
Embryo’s Chorioallantois
Membrane (CAM)
11:15-11:30
Zhafira Mafaz, Afra
Majida Hariono and
Luthfi Nurhidayat
Ambar
Kusumandari, Hero
Marhaento and
Hatma Suryatmojo
Saturday,
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Vegetation Analysis of the
Spring Water Surroundings at
the Wanagama Rehabilitated
Forest
Characterization of
microplastic-associated
Fitria Ningsih and bacteria from Kenanga pond in
Risky Ayu Kristanti Universitas Indonesia campus,
Depok, West Java, using
culture-dependent method
Helmi Wasoh, Pei
Characterisation of
Qin Tan, Zixuen
Streptococcus agalactiae as a
Gan, Nur Adeela Potential Aptamer Target in the
Yasid, Mohd Yunus
Preliminary Stage of
Abd Shukor, Murni Whole-Cell Based 'Systematic
11:30-11:45
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
25
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Oct 28th
2023
Session
Registered Name
Parallel Halim, Mohd Termizi
Session 3 Yusof, Amalia Mohd
Hashim, Jaafar
Abdullah and Yanty
Noorzianna Manaf
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Evolution of Ligands by
Exponential Enrichment
Procedure
Mohd Lokman
Ilham-Norhakim,
Nursyuhada
Othman, Hidayah
Haris, Nur Hartini
The Role of Citizen Scientist in
Sariyati, Farah
the Emerging Scientific World:
Farhana Ramli,
Supporting CEPA and Green
Nurfatiha Akmal
Economy Through
Fawwazah
Advancements in Wildlife
Abdullah-Fauzi,
Conservation
Kaviarasu Munian,
Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latif
13:30-13:45
Syamsurizal, Diah T.
Utami, Beni H.
Prabowo, Aries B.
Sasongko, Lizawati
and Elisma
Control of Browning In
Cyrtostachys renda Plants
Tissue Culture
13:45-14:00
Siti Aisyah Razali,
Nur Farahin Ishak,
Wan-Atirah
Azemin, Low Chen
Fei and Mohd
Shahir Shamsir
Multi-epitope Vaccine Design
against Grouper Iridovirus
(GIV) using
Immuno-bioinformatics
Approach
14:00-14:15
Rizkie Satriya
Utama, Tri Aryono
Hadi and Adiguna
Rahmat Nugraha
Coral health assessment of
two Marine National Parks
(Takabonerate and Wakatobi)
in Southern Sulawesi
14:15-14:30
26
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
Room 3 (Heliconia)
Offline
Session Chair: Utaminingsih S.Si., M.Sc.
Assistant Moderator: Rayhan Widiyanto
Date
Friday,
Oct 27th
2023
Session
Parallel
Session 1
Registered
Name
Title
MARINE MACROALGAE
SPECIES DIVERSITY BASED
ON SUBSTRATE
Annisa N.
CHARACTERISTICS OF
Fitrihastuti and
INTERTIDAL ZONE IN
Abdul R. Chasani
SOUTHERN COAST
GUNUNGKIDUL, SPECIAL
REGION OF YOGYAKARTA
Conservation of Tropical Wild
Orchids as Edu-Ecotourism in
the Framework of Biodiversity
Latifa Nuraini
Resilience: A Study in Batur
Village Cangkringan,
Yogyakarta
INVESTIGATION OF
Hanindyo Adi,
Rhynchophorus spp.
Sudaryatno
(COLEOPTERA:
Sudaryatno,
DRYOPHTHORIDAE)
Sukirno Sukirno
INFESTATION ON OIL PALM
and Suwarno
PLANTATION IN KERINCI
Hadisusanto
KANAN, SIAK, RIAU
Katon Waskito Aji,
Tuty Arisuryanti,
Cryptic Diversity of Barred
Happy Herawati, Mudskippers, Periophthalmus
Indah Paramita argentilineatus (Valenciennes,
Sari, Febrina
1837), from the Southern
Amaliya Rha'Ifa,
Coast of Java and East
Diana Febrianti Lombok, Indonesia inferred by
and Dwi Sendi
COI Mitochondrial Gene
Priyono
Study of Macroscopic Fungus
Vita Meylani, Santi
Diversity and Distribution
Tifani Hidayat and
Patterns in the Galunggung
Diana Hernawati
Mountain Area
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
13:45-14:00
14:00-14:15
27
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Cryptic diversity of the
Faizah Nur
mudskipper genus
Shabrina, Kunto
Boleophthalmus (Gobiiformes:
Wibowo and Tuty
Oxudercidae) from the north
Arisuryanti
coast of East Java, Indonesia
Diversity and Biostratigraphy
of Nannofossil of Kebo Butak
Akmaluddin
Formation from Kalinampu –
Jarum Area, Bayat, Central
Java
Effect of dosage and time of
Esna Dilli
application of mycorrhizae on
Novianto and Putri
the growth and yield of red
Laeshita
beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Siti Sunariyati, Adi
Jaya, Evi
Optimization of Sterilization
Mintowati
Techniques for Ramin
Kuntorini, Titin
(Gonystylus bancanus) Tissue
Purnaningsih,
Culture from Peat Swamp
Rahayu Opi
Forests, Central Kalimantan,
Anggoro, Decenly
Indonesia
Decenly and
Yosua Hambit
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 2
Kumara
Rahmawati Zain,
Gravinda
MALARIA ANTIGEN
Widyaswara, Aulia SCREENING IN STUDENTS
Rahman, Wiwit
STIKES GUNA BANGSA
Sepvianti, Tanti YOGYAKARTA ORIGIN EAST
Rahayu and
NUSA TENGGARA REGION
Yolanta Wilsa
Bahy
Prevalence of extended
Wilda Mahdani,
spectrum beta-lactamase
Asha Albela,
(ESBL) Escherichia coli
Zinatul Hayati and
recovered from ICU and
Suhartono
non-ICU at dr. Zainoel Abidin
Suhartono
general hospital
Saprin S. Haruna,
Diversity and Benefits of
Mustafid Rasyiid
Asteraceae in Kapopo
and Moh. Iqbal
Ngatabaru Great Forest Park
Sang Ketut
Sudirga, I Made
Saka Wijaya and
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF
SOME PLANTS LEAF
EXTRACTS AGAINST THE
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
14:15-14:30
09:15-09:30
09:30-09:45
09:45-10:00
10:00-10:15
10:15-10:30
10:30-10:45
10:45-11:00
28
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Ni Putu Adriani
Astiti
Moch. Indra
Novian, Didit
Barianto,
Salahuddin
Husein and
Sugeng Surjono
Adiva Aphrodita,
Diva Nurmalia
Sentono and
Laksmindra Fitria
Eka Indra
Setyawan
Darren Nicholas
Rahmanto, Adinda
A.D Pratiwi, Rr.
Rahil A.A
Rahman,
Nurhayati
Nurhayati and
Laksmindra Fitria
Windy A.
Omadhika, Hesti
Riany and
Hasnaul Maritsa
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 3
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
FUNGUS
COLLETOTRICHUM
ACUTATUM IN CHILI
(CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Planktonic Foraminifera
Biostratigraphy of The
Pliocene Kintom and Bongka
Formatiaon in the Southern
Part of East Arm Sulawesi
Carcass Weight and
Proximate Composition of
Guinea Pig [Cavia porcellus
(Linnaeus, 1758)] Meat as
Alternative Protein Source
Formulation Trandermal
Nano-Liposome of Green Tea
Leaves Extract (Camellia
sinensis L.) Kuntze
Growth of Catfish Clarias
batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)
under Different Rearing
Methods and Feed Types
POTENTIAL VOLATILE
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF
ACTINOBACTERIA AGAINST
PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI
The Effect of Electric
Field-Based Cancer Therapy
Nabila Syahnadia
on the Relative Expression of
Syahada, Firman
TNF-α, IL-10 and IFN-γ mRNA
Alamsyah and
on Brain Tissues in Female
Rarastoeti Pratiwi
Rats with and without Breast
Tumor
Comparison of Macroscopic
Diva Nurmalia,
and Microscopic Meat Quality
Adiva Aphrodita
Parameters in Guinea Pig,
and Laksmindra
Broiler Chicken, and Local
Fitria
Catfish as Protein Source
11:00-11:15
11:15-11:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12:00
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
29
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Sigit Dwi
Maryanto, Roberdi
Roberdi, Zulfikar
Achmad Tanjung,
Morphological Characters and
Budi Setiadi
Genes Expression Related to
Daryono,
Phosphate Uptake in Oil Palm
Purnomo
(Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Purnomo, Tri Rini
Nuringtyas,
Condro Utomo
and Tony Liwang
13:45-14:00
Anis Nurwidayati,
Raden Roro
Upiek Ngesti
Wibawaning
Cladogram Construction Based
Astuti, Hari
on Morphological
Purwanto,
Characteristics of Mosquitoes
Triwibowo Ambar
Garjito and
Yuyun Srikandi
14:00-14:15
Risda Arba Ulfa,
Tri Cahyanto and
Rizka Aulia Putri
Growth and Reproduction of
Eisenia fetida in Laboratory
Sludge Waste and Cow Dung
during Vermicomposting
14:15-14:30
30
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
Room 4 (Carnation)
Offline
Session Chair: Ludmilla Fitri Untari, S.Si., M.Si.
Assistant Moderator: Indah N Fauziah
Date
Friday,
Oct 27th
2023
Session
Parallel
Session 1
Registered
Name
Title
Morphology, Meristic, and
Morphometry Variations in
Maula Dafa,
Javan Spitting Cobra Naja
Donan Yudha and
sputatrix (Boie, 1827) and
Adian Sulistio
Equatorial Spitting Cobra Naja
sumatrana (Müller, 1890)
Jimmy Al Fa'is,
Anisya
Inducing Fungal Pelletization
Chindyastuti and Using Affordable Microparticle
Miftahul Ilmi
The Effect of Growing Media
Mohamad Agus
on Growth, Biochemical
Salim and
Composition and Antioxidant
Muhammad
Activity of Sweet Corn (Zea
Subandi
mays L.) Microgreen.
Widyandani
Sasikirana, Intan
Rahmania Eka
Dini, Hermawan
Istiadi, Endang
Antioxidant Activity of
Mahati, Arlita
Medinilla speciosa-MLVs
Leniseptaria
Liposome Formula in Rats
Antari, Ragil Setia
Dianingati, Yora
Nindita, Eva
Annisaa and
Lailatul Fitriana
Birds in the mangrove as a
I Ketut Ginantra,
tourist attraction in the Batu
Aa. Ngurah Bagus
Lumbang mangrove
Abimanyu and
ecotourism area, Pemogan
Stephanie Regina
Denpasar Bali
Scouping Review of the Bats
Tatag Bagus Putra
and their ecosystem Services
Prakarsa, Kartika
in Indonesia
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
13:45-14:00
14:00-14:15
14:15-14:30
31
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Ratna Pertiwi and
Rizka Apriani Putri
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 2
Astuti Kusumorini, The Effect of Addition Moringa
Risda Arba Ulfa
Leaf (Moringa oleifera) to
and Muhammad Yoghurt As A Functional Food
Fatah
Innovation
09:15-09:30
Anak Agung Ketut
CINNAMON SPECIES
Darmadi,
(CINNAMOMUM TAMALA
Fainmarinat
AND C. OSMOPHLOEUM)
Selviani Inabuy,
VARIATIONS FOR
Sang Ketut
PHYTOCHEMICALS IN TWO
Sudirga and Yan
HABITATS OF BALI,
Ramona
INDONESIA
09:30-09:45
Diana Rahmawati,
Bioerosion in the Priabonian
Sugeng Sapto
Discocyclina javana in Bayat
Surjono, Didit Hadi
Area, Indonesia: Implications
Barianto and
for Paleoecology
Wartono Rahadjo
09:45-10:00
Ni Luh Watiniasih,
Dewa Ayu
The Improvement of
Swastini, Luh Putu
Spermatozoa Health in Male
Ida Harini, Eka
Rats Given Granules
Indra Setiawan
Combination of Roselle
and Putu Ayuning
Flower Extract and Bee Pollen
Dinda
Nirmalayanthi
10:00-10:15
Rahmat Taufiq
Mustahiq Akbar,
Faisal Rauf, Isma
Dwi Kurniawan,
Adisty Virakawugi
Darniwa and Ateng
Supriyatna
10:15-10:30
Adisty Virakawugi
Darniwa, Yani
Suryani and Neni
Setia Asih
Saifudin Saifudin,
Gita Maharani
Rosa Wibowo and
Andi Salamah
Ichthyofauna Diversity in
Underground Waters
Sanghyang Kenit Cave,
Bandung, West Java
Acute Toxicity Tests on
Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Embryos and Its Chemical
Compound in Ethanolic
Extract of Coffee (Coffea
arabica L.) Peel
The Effect of Shade Net on
Leaf Color and Growth of
Syngonium podophyllum
Schott.
10:30-10:45
10:45-11:00
32
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Preliminary assessment of
Bernadheta
intraspecific variation of
Rumondang
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
Saragih and Ratna
DC. from North Sumatera
Susandarini
based on morphological
characters
Isma Dwi
Kurniawan, Ratih An Ecological Study of Whip
Khaira Widia,
Spiders (Arachnida:
Rahmat Taufiq
Amblypygi) in a Threatened
Mustahiq Akbar,
Tropical Limestone Cave of
Ida Kinasih, Omar
Klapanunggal Karst, West
Calva and Cahyo
Java
Rahmadi
Ida Kinasih,
Potential of Flowering Plants
Ramadhani Eka
as Food Source for Insect
Putra and Rahmat Pollinators in Organic Farming
Agung Munggaran
of Beji, Central Java
Diversity of plant species used
Nenden Nur
as vegetables by the people of
Sayyidah Kulsum
Cigalontang Village,
and Ratna
Tasikmalaya, West Java,
Susandarini
Indonesia
Aprilia Sufi
Subiastuti, Nabilah
Amaliah,
Genomic Diversity and
Hestiningtyas
Evolution Coat Protein of
Hestiningtyas,
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi
Arfista Deska
virus in Indonesia
Khairunnisa and
Alivia Nur
Maysaroh
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 3
Pinki Anggrahini Cytotoxic Activities and Nitric
Puspitasari, Visi
Oxide Inhibition of
Endah Pratitis and
Enzymatically Hydrolyzed
Nastiti Wijayanti
Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides
Evaluation of Antioxidant and
Visi Endah Pratitis,
Nitric Oxide Inhibitory
Pinki Anggrahini
Activities of
Puspitasari and
Agaro-Oligosaccharides and
Nastiti Wijayanti
3,6-Anhydro-L-Galactose on
RAW 264.7 Cell Lines
Aprilia C. Rani and Antioxidant Activity of Phenol
Abdul R. Chasani Compounds as A Source of
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
11:00-11:15
11:15-11:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12:00
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
13:45-14:00
33
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Taxonomic Evidence of
Macroalgae Chaetomorpha
crassa, Acanthophora
muscoides, and Padina
australis from Krakal Beach,
Yogyakarta
Anisah Suroya
Basaroh, Mufidah
Afiyanti, Joni
Kusnadi and Estri
Laras
Arumingtyas
Genes Responsible in The
Shape and Size of
Solanaceae Fruits
Processing and Tensile
Indra Surya,
Properties of Natural Rubber
Hanafi Ismail and Filled with Calcium Carbonate
Johan Anto
or Silica in the Presences of
Lauryl Alcohol
14:00-14:15
14:15-14:30
34
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PARALLEL ORAL PRESENTATION SCHEDULE
Room 5 (Sakura)
Online
Session Chair: Dr. Aprilia Sufi Subiastuti S.Si.
Assistant Moderator: Matilda Jesseline G.G. and Avirra Amadea Satriawan
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Phytochemical Content and
Furzani Pa'Ee,
Antioxidant Activity Of
Nurfatin Nadzirah
Selected Underutilized Plants
Hamsani and Hairul
In Nadir Plot Taman Botani,
Azhar Sulaiman
Sri Medan, Johor, Malaysia
Furzani Pa'Ee,
Hairul Azhar
Nutritional Content of Ficus
Sulaiman, Nur
benjamina Fruits Consumed
Faizah Azzahra
by Frugivorous Birds in
Mohd Saien and
Taman Botani Johor
Nor Atiqah
Norazlimi
Nor Atiqah
Norazlimi, Nur
Athirah Fauzi and
Kaviarasu Munian
Friday,
Oct 27th
2023
Parallel
Session 1
Population trend of Lesser
Adjutant (Leptoptilos
javanicus) in Muar, Johor
using eBird data.
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
Jai Kemalok,
Mohammad
Zulhusni Zakaria,
GENETIC IDENTIFICATION
Muhammad Asyraff
AND GUT CONTENT OF
Azahar, Aisyah
GERONG FISH Osteochilus
Mohamed Rehan,
waandersii FROM LARAI
Nur Sabrina
RIVER
Badrulhisham and
Kamarul Rahim
Kamarudin
13:45-14:00
Alfarisa Nururrozi,
Kyohei Miyanishi,
Masaya Igase and
Takuya Mizuno
Correlation of activated
PI3K/AKT signaling pathway
and PTEN status in canine
soft tissue sarcoma
14:00-14:15
Daniel Frikli
Biodiversity of freshwater fish
Mokodongan,
in Pangalengan District,
Gema
Bandung, West JavaDistrict,
Wahyudewantoro,
Bandung, West Java
14:15-14:30
35
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Nurjirana Nurjirana,
Himmah Rustiami,
Ina Erlinawati,
Taufik Mahendra,
Rena Tri Hernawati
and Ira Mayangsari
Fatimah Alhafizoh,
Potential anticancer activity
Endang Linirin
of seagrass Cymodocea
Widiastuti, Nuning
rotundata and Taurine
Nurcahyani, Ni Luh
through in vitro with BSLT
Gede Ratna Juliasih
(Brine Shrimp Lethality Test)
and Endah
and MCF-7 cell culture
Setyaningrum
KARAKTERISASI TALUS
MAKROALGA
Abdul Razaq
CHLOROPHYTA,
Chasani and
RHODOPHYTA, DAN
Aqselli Herya
PHAEOPHYTA YANG
Farradilla
DITUMBUHKAN PADA
MEDIA CONWAY
Diversity of Zingiber Mill.
Aimi Syazana
(Zingiberaceae) in Peninsular
Sedek, Salasiah
Malaysia Including
Mohamad and Sam
Taxonomic Notes of
Yen Yen
Potentially New Taxon
Aqilah Awg Abdul
Rahman, Maryati
Mohamed and Jai
Kemalok
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 2
14:30-14:45
14:45-15:00
15.00-15.15
Diversity of Butterflies
(Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)
in Panti Forest Reserve,
Johor, Malaysia
15.15-15.30
Land-use Alterations and
Their Impact on Stream
Noraini Ruslan, Ong
Macroinvertebrate
Swee Chen and
Communities in Ayer Hitam
Jannatulhawa Jasni
North Peat Swamp Forest
Reserve, Malaysia
15.30-15.45
Rina Kurnianingsih,
Retno Mastuti, Aluh
Nikmatullah and
Estri Laras
Arumingtyas
09:15-09:30
Assessment of The
Effectiveness of DNA
Barcode for Identification of
Musa x paradisiaca 'Haji'
36
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
In Silico Analysis of
Plasmodium falciparum
Yani Suryani, Opik
Merozoite Surface Protein-1
Taupiqurrohman
(PFMSP-1) of Plasmodium
and Eva Nurkholifah
falciparum for T-Helper Cell
Activation
Syaiful Rizal, Ni
Determination of Mosquito
Putu Ratna Ayu
Diversity Using 3D Digital
Krishanti and Fathia
Microscope in Cibinong
Ramadhani
District, Bogor Regency
Ngatirah Ngatirah,
Kusumastuti
Kusumastuti, Cakra
Wt, Teddy
Suparyanto, Joko
Pebrianto
Trinugroho and
Bens Pardamean
Glycerolysis of palm kernel
oil catalyzed by MgO on
mono and diglyceride
composition and their
antibacterial activity
Habitat Preferences of R.
zollingeriana Based on
N Nurchayati, Jati
Spatial Distribution,
Batoro, Luchman
Population Structure, and
Hakim and Rodiyati
Environmental Factors in
Azrianingsih
Papring Forest, Banyuwangi,
East Java, Indonesia
Izu Andry
Fijridiyanto, Aninda
Retno Wibowo,
Annisa Satyanti,
First report on orchid
Trisno Utomo,
diversity in Kurulu District,
Mahmudin
Papua
Mahmudin, Eko
Susanto, Farid
Kuswantoro and
Richa Kusuma Wati
Maria Theresia
Firmina Baru and
Selfitriani Kulla
Time Series Ecological
Coastal Resilience in Ende
City, Indonesia
Andrian Fernandes,
Analysis of changes in vessel
Erwin Erwin, Kholik
cells of Meranti and Keruing
Karyadi and Isna
wood placed outdoors
Wardhani
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
09:30-09:45
09:45-10:00
10:00-10:15
10:15-10:30
10:30-10:45
10:45-11:00
11:00-11:15
37
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Registered
Name
Title
Organoleptic Assessment of
Deby Mipa Salam,
Bornean Ironwood
Andrian Fernandes,
(Eusideroxylon zwageri) Leaf
Aulia Nur Laksmita
as a Diuretic Herbal
and Rizki Maharani
Beverage
Achmad Arifin,
Luchman Hakim,
Assessing Avian Diversity
Jati Batoro, Agus
and Community for
Nurrofik,
Evaluating Rehabilitation
Rafi'Jauhar Khalil,
Succession in Alas Purwo
Faidl Riyadl Cahyo National Park, Banyuwangi
Muhammad and Nia
region, East Java
Kurniawan
Novita Kusuma
Wardani, Dian
Siswanto, Joko
Ridho Witono and
Luchman Hakim
Tika Atikah, Bayu
Pratama and Ettie
Tattiana
Muhammad Rizky
Juliansyah Putra
Susilo and Tina
Safaria Nilawati
Jacob Uktolseja,
Frendy Kurniawan
and Budhi Prasetyo
Saturday,
Oct 28th
2023
Parallel
Session 3
Fitri Yati Sa'Diah
and Neneng
Windayani
Helbert, Sarah Asih
Faulina, Bastoni,
Purwanto Budi
Santosa, Laras
An Ethno-Agricultural Study
of Cultivated Endemic Palm
Pinanga javana Blume in
Pronojiwo, Lumajang District,
Indonesia
Preliminary Study on
Ecology, Harvest and Trade
of Dalbergia parviflora in
Central Kalimantan
Indonesia
Morphological
Characteristics The Pitchers
of Nepenthes gymnamphora
in Pasir Cadas Panjang
Mountain Ciwidey West Java
Digestibility of Mollases
Yeast Fermentation
Derivation Meal for Juvenile
of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis
niloticus)
Development of Guided
Inquiry-Based Worksheets
On the Analysis of
Secondary Metabolites of
Ethanol Extract Turmeric
(Curcuma longa) With the
Addition of Kefir
Ectomycorrhizal fungi
inoculation on Shorea
balangeran and Tristaniopsis
obovata in peatland
ecosystems
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
11:15-11:30
11:30-11:45
11:45-12:00
12:00-12:15
13:00-13:15
13:15-13:30
13:30-13:45
13:45-14:00
38
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Date
Session
Title
Western
Indonesian
Time
GMT+7
Vendi Eko Susilo,
Vinna Windy Putri,
Achmad Alfiyan, Ali
Mashar, Yusli
Wardiatno and
Achmad Farajallah
Genetic differentiaion of
Hippa adactyla based on
CO1 gene sequence in
sundaland
14:00-14:15
Alam Ahmad
Hidayat, Rudi
Nirwantono, Joko
Pebrianto
Trinugroho and
Bens Pardamean
A Quantitative Approach in
Identifying Natural Selection
Signals on Biallelic Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms of
BRCA1 Gene in Diverse
Populations
14:15-14:30
Syahfitri Anita,
Kelvin Octavianus,
Mulyadi Mulyadi,
Bambang Kiranadi,
Reinhard Pinontoan
and Amir Hamidy
Investigating snake venom
variation to mitigate
snakebite envenoming in
Indonesia
14:30-14:45
Ludmilla Untari,
Christopher Burke
and Christopher
Bolch
Phylogenetics of
Gymnodinium catenatum
Graham as Infer from the
Secondary Structure of
Internal Transcribed Spacers
2 (ITS2)
14:45-15:00
Registered
Name
Murni Rahayu,
Aryanto, Asep
Hidayat and Maman
Turjaman
39
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
ABSTRACT BOOK
KEYNOTE & INVITED SPEAKERS
40
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
KEYNOTE - 01
Working together – microbial co-cultures for sustainable chemical production
Michael Sauer1,2,3
1, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of
Microbiology and Microbial Biotechnology, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
2, ACIB GmbH, Muthgasse 11, 1190-Vienna, Austria
3, present address: OMV AG, Trabrennstr. 6, 1020 Austria
Email: [email protected]
Sustainable production of fuels and chemicals is one of the key-challenges, which the world is
facing in view of resource restrictions and climate change. Microbial fermentation processes,
converting plant derived biomass or available waste streams offers a feasible route for production of
such chemicals.
Most approaches have so far relied on cultivating single microbial strains, tailored for a specific
purpose. However, this is in stark contrast to how nature works, where microbial communities rather
than single species perform all tasks. Such communities can be seen as mega-metabolism,
essentially driving the cycling of all elements in nature.
We propose to mimic nature’s approach and use cocultures or communities rather than single
species for industrial production processes. Artificial coculture systems allow a rational design of
metabolic synergies by carefully selecting and simultaneously culturing different microbes in one
process. This approach takes advantage of the broader metabolic space and greater flexibility
offered by the use of multiple species working together.
Here we will present examples of solvent production. Propanol is a useful solvent, fuel, and
precursor for polymers, such as propylene. Both forms of propanol, 1-propanol and 2-propanol, are
interesting target molecules for valorization of plant biomass. Some solventogenic Clostridia can
naturally produce 2-propanol by isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) fermentation. In this case,
2-propanol synthesis is coupled to acetate and butyrate reduction into ethanol and 1-butanol. We
hypothesized that propanoate can be converted into 1-propanol by the same enzyme system,
driving the IBE metabolism. 1-propanol and 2-propanol would be formed at the same time with such
an approach. We suggest propionic acid bacteria (PAB) as host organisms for the microbial
production of propanoic acid, which can then be reduced by the Clostridia. While consecutive PAB
and IBE fermentations only resulted in very low propanol titers, coculturing Propionibacterium
freudenreichii and Clostridium beijerinckii at various inoculation ratios yielded much higher solvent
concentrations. We obtained as much as 21 g/l of solvents (58% increase compared to C.
beijerinckii monoculture) and 12 g/l of propanol (98% increase). Taken together, our results
underline how artificial cocultures can be used to foster metabolic synergies, increasing
fermentative performances and orienting the carbon flow towards a desired product.
41
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
KEYNOTE - 02
Biodiversity Conservation Enhancing Climate Resilience and Green Economy
Satyawan Pudyatmoko
Director General of Natural Resources and Ecosystem Conservation
Ministry of Environment and Forestry
Abstract
Biodiversity is the variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia,
terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are
part. Life- the microbe and microorganism in the soil, terrestrial and marine plants and animals as
well as the people- is the key factor that shape Earth’s climate. The chemical composition of the
atmosphere is in part regulated by the biosphere, especially by human activities. Human societies,
socioeconomic and political system are strong force that determine the current atmosphere
condition. Anthropogenic climate change caused by a high concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere
affect ecosystem structure and functioning that will lead to a deterioration of human welfare. The
most important means to fight climate change is to transform the biosphere. We need a certain
amount of land with adequate vegetation cover and high biodiversity to protect human from natural
catastrophe such as flood, drought, heat as well as to support the productivity of agriculture by
providing enough water and fertile soil. In Indonesia, establishment of conservation area and
protection of land with a high biodiversity are an important management tool to buffers the impact of
climate change. The awareness that biodiversity and human wellbeing are inextricably linked has
led to the adoption of green economic concept, which provide an economic growth within the
ecological constrain of the planet.
42
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
INVITED - 01
Primate-Based Tourism: Fostering Biodiversity Conservation and Empowering Local
Communities through Green Economy
Abdul-Latiff, Muhammad Abu Bakar
Environmental Management and Conservation Research Unit (eNCORe), Faculty of Applied
Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Pagoh Campus), KM1 Jalan
Panchor, 84600, Johor, Malaysia
Abstract
Primate-based tourism, involving the observation of wild primates in their natural habitats, plays a
pivotal role in global biodiversity preservation, sustainable development, and the advancement of
the green economy. Educating tourists about the natural behaviors of primates fosters empathy,
strengthens the cause of wildlife conservation, and provides vital support for scientific research.
Beyond its educational dimensions, primate-based tourism plays a pivotal role in bolstering local
economies, particularly in rural areas, and safeguarding cultural heritage. Job creation and cultural
preservation are not just incidental outcomes but fundamental pillars catalyzing transformative
change within local communities. These outcomes breathe life into economies, providing
sustainable livelihoods while simultaneously preserving age-old traditions and heritage.
Primate-based tourism can also contribute significantly to local economies by creating jobs,
particularly in rural areas, and preserving cultural heritage. Investments in infrastructure
development, driven by the growing influx of tourists, further stimulate green economic initiatives
diversification. Furthermore, the synergy between primate-based tourism and community-based
conservation (CBC) initiatives is evident. Scientific research findings are translated into practical
strategies, fostering coexistence between human activities and primate habitats. These initiatives
empower local communities, enhancing conservation efforts, generating employment, and
preserving traditional cultures. In essence, primate-based tourism emerges as a beacon in the
realms of conservation and sustainable development. Its seamless integration of ecological
awareness, economic empowerment, and cultural preservation safeguards biodiversity and propels
the green economy forward.
43
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
INVITED - 02
Plant science research with a view to contributing to the green economy: an example of the
mechanism of woody biomass biosynthesis
Taku Demura
Professor at Graduate School of Science and Technology Nara Institute of Science and Technology
(NAIST), 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, 630-0192 Japan
email: [email protected]
Abstract
The major cells that make up the woody biomass are vascular xylem/woody cells comprised of
tracheary elements (vessels and tracheids) and fibers with elongated tubular structures. These
woody cells have a hollow, pipe-like form with thick cell walls called secondary cell walls (SCWs),
which is often compared to reinforced concrete because SCWs consist of a framework of bundled
cellulose fibers and other polysaccharides filled with lignin, a phenolic polymer matrix. Thus, one
can imagine tree wood as a structure resembling a number of concrete cylinders assembled
together and mechanically strong. By analyzing the molecular mechanisms underlying woody cell
differentiation, we succeeded in finding genes involved in SCW formation such as cellulose
synthesis, genes involved in cell piping (programmed cell death), and regulatory genes (VNS
transcription factor genes, etc.). These genes have been used for genetical modification of wood
property of trees, leading the genetical modification of other tree traits also, which might contribute
to the green economy in future.
44
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
INVITED - 03
Contribution of ethnobotanical research in supporting the green economy and sustainable
development goals in Indonesia
Ratna Susandarini
Professor of Plant Taxonomy at Faculty of Biology Universitas Gadjah Mada
email: [email protected]
Abstract
The idea and concept of a green economy that emerged in the early 2000s attracted world
attention, and various discussions on this topic are still ongoing today. Green economy basically
has the same principle as sustainable development that economic development for human welfare
must be aligned with environmental sustainability. The issue of biodiversity is one of the central
themes in green economy and sustainable development, and therefore the role of biology is
important for all parties to understand. In this paper, the role of ethnobotanical research is
discussed in terms of its importance in proving the implementation of a green economy in
Indonesia. As a country with high plant diversity as well as ethnic, geographical and cultural
diversity, Indonesia has the wealth of ethnobotanical research which reach all parts of the country
with various aspects.The results of ethnobotanical research on three categories of land use were
selected to be presented in this paper. The three categories are protected forests, agroforestry and
home gardens. Ethnobotanical research contributes to uncovering resource utilization practices
without over-exploiting the nature, revealing the socio-economic benefits obtained by the
communities, as well as proving the efforts to preserve the environment which is often wrapped in
various tyoes of local wisdom. By examining the results of ethnobotanical research, we have a
scientific basis for advocating the implementation of green economy and sustainable development
in Indonesia.
Keywords: biodiversity, ethnobotany, natural resources, sustainability
45
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
ABSTRACT BOOK
ORAL PARTICIPANTS
46
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Bio-nanotechnology and Biomaterial
47
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Formulation Trandermal Nano-Liposome of Green Tea Leaves Extract (Camellia sinensis L.)
Kuntze
Eka Indra Setyawan
[email protected]
Abstract
Transdermal liposomes are drug-carrier systems in the form of vesicles composed of a
double phospholipid layer. This research aims to create a transdermal nano liposome
formula contains green tea leaf extract. Liposomes are made using thin-layer hydration
techniques using phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol as excipients. They were formulated
computationally using the D-Optimal Mixture Design Method. The experimental responses
observed in this experiment were particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and
entrapment efficiency. The determination of compound levels in green tea leaf extract and
the entrapment efficiency of compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), catechin
(CAT), and caffeine (CAF) were carried out by the reverse-phase high-performance liquid
chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. The research results showed that the levels of
EGCG, CAT, and CAF compounds in green tea leaf extract were 365.27 mg/g, 13.03 mg/g,
and 77.82 mg/g.The optimum formula for transdermal liposomes was produced with a ratio
of phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol (11.11:0.89) mg. The optimum formula is predicted to
have experimental responses such as particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and
entrapment efficiency of EGCG and CAF of 127.19 nm, 0.3, -24 mV, 77.19%, and 54.58%,
respectively.
Keywords: D Optimal Mixture Design, green tea, nano-liposomes, transdermal
48
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Utilization of Plant-Based Wastes For A Sustainable Preparation of Nutrient-Rich
Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens)
Zheng Hua Lum, Siti Fatimah Sabran, Aqilah Awg Abdul Rahman and Wen Chan Chian
Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
Agrowastes are being discarded as landfills, leading to severe environmental concerns.
Therefore, black soldier fly becomes one of the alternatives in waste reductions with their relatively
high waste conversion efficiency. The objectives of this study were to determine rate of growth and
development of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) under selective dietary treatment of agrowastes, to
assess macronutrient content of BSFL fed with selective dietary treatment of agrowastes, and to
assess total flavonoid content of BSFL fed with selective dietary treatment of agrowastes, using
fresh pineapple waste (FPW), spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and fresh banana by-products
(FBBP). The indicators include larval survival rate (SR), development time (DT), waste reduction
rate (WR), bioconversion rate (BR, crude protein (CP) and crude fat (CF) content, and total
flavonoid content (TFC). In overall, BSFL of all dietary treatments presented relatively high survival
rate (80-97%) and short development time (<45 days), BR (14-19%), WR (11-33%), with CP (<4%),
CF (<4.4%), and TFC (<1.6 mg QE/g). FPW dominated the trends (SR=96%, DT=40 days,
BR=19%, WR=33%, CP=3.8%, CF=4.3%) as compared to SMS and FBBP. Further formulation of
agrowastes can be developed to optimize their suitability in preparation of nutrient-rich BSFL for
future potential application.
Keywords: Agrowaste, Banana, Black Soldier Fly Mushroom, Pineapple
49
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
GREEN SYNTHESIS OF HYALURONIC ACIDS-SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING
MICROALGAE EXTRACTS AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY
Nur Imanina Abdullah Thaidi, Muhammad Azmirul Yusuf, Zahir Haizat Muhamad Zamani, Joo Shun Tan,
Rosfarizan Mohamad, Helmi Wasoh and Murni Halim
Universiti Putra Malaysia
Email: [email protected]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) show excellent antimicrobial activity and have been used for
the treatment of various infectious diseases. Green synthesis of AgNPs utilizing biological systems
is becoming popular as an alternative to physical and chemical methods that require harmful
reductants and costly. In addition, conventional antimicrobial therapy that use AgNPs solely, are
less effective because AgNPs easily get aggregated besides showing low antibacterial properties.
To overcome these problems, the antimicrobial applications of AgNP-based nano-composites are
now attracting attention and are increasingly being explored. In this study, AgNPs were synthesized
by the integration of hyaluronic acid (HA) and microalgae extracts (Spirulina platensis (SP),
Chlorella vulgaris, and Nannochloropsis oculata) as the sources of reducing and stabilizing/capping
agents. Parameters (pH, extract concentration, temperature and time) affecting the preparation of
nano-composites were primarily evaluated based on color changes, UV-Vis spectroscopy and
dynamic light scattering. HA-SP-AgNP was determined as the best nano-composite with Z-Average
size and polydispersity index (PDI) of 66.98 nm and 0.494, respectively. FTIR analysis showed that
HA-SP-AgNP was correlated with the functional groups of AgNP, HA and Spirulina platensis. The
synergistic antimicrobial effect of HA-SP-AgNP nano-composite was also demonstrated from
enhanced/sustained antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and
Bacillus subtilis.
Keywords: silver nanoparticle, hyaluronic acid, Spirulina platensis, green synthesis, antimicrobial
activity
50
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Green Synthesis of Plant Extract Nanoparticles: A Review
Lutfiani Ainur Nisa, Joni Kusnadi and Estri Laras Arumingtyas
Universitas Brawijaya
[email protected]
Abstract
Green synthesis is an alternative process to synthesis nanoparticles of plant extract using biological
approaches, including bacteria, fungi, yeast and plant, with help of biotechnical tools. The
advantages of green synthesis offers a sustainable, environmental friendly, non-toxic, safe
reagents, consume less energy and cost-effective. Several strategies can be used to green
synthesis process by using eco-friendly solvents such as water, ionic liquid, supercritical fluids and
solvent-free synthesis. One of the application of the green synthesis is to produce nanoparticles
from plant extract. A large number of actual and potential application nanoparticles from plant
extract, including in food and cosmetic industries, medicine products, electronic products,
agriculture process dan purification process. In this article, methods of green synthesis, types of
resources for the green synthesis, the factors affecting green synthesis and the application of green
synthesis to produce nanoparticles will be discussed. The influence of biosynthesis process for
nanoparticles stability are also presented. This information will improve the understanding of green
synthesis for potential process to produce nanoparticles in non-hazardous ways.
Keywords: green synthesis, nanoparticles, plant extract
51
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Silver Nanoparticles Stabilized with Tannic Acid as Nano-seed Priming Agent for Zea mays
L. Seed Germination
Windri Handayani, Richard O. Tanadi and Aminah Aminah
Universitas Indonesia
[email protected]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are known to have various benefits for application in the agricultural
sector as seed nano-priming. In this research, the effects of AgNPs size and concentration to
enhance Zea mays seed germination have been investigated. The AgNPs were synthesized using
various concentrations of tannic acid (0.025 mM, 0.25 mM, and 5 mM) to produce AgNPs with
different sizes. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer to
determine the absorption spectrum of AgNPs within 400--500 nm. Besides that, Transmission
Electron Microscope (TEM) was used to determine the size and shape of the AgNPs, and Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the concentration of AgNPs. The
results show AgNP sizes of 15.49 ± 4.41 nm, 27.26 ± 4.097 nm, and 46.86 ± 7.36 nm, respectively.
After that, AgNPs with concentrations ~8, ~16, and ~24 mg/L were exposed to Zea mays seeds for
24 hours, then germinated for 14 days. The result shows AgNPs with a size of ~27 nm and a
concentration of ~24 mg/L showed the highest rate of germination and growth despite of control
treatment using only water. This indicates that the AgNPs with those properties have the potential
as seed nano-priming agent.
Keywords: seed nano-priming, silver nanoparticles, size-dependent, tannic acid, Zea mays
52
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Formulation Transdermal Nano-Liposome of Green Tea Leaves Extract (Camellia sinensis L.)
Kuntze
Eka Indra Setyawan
Universitas Udayana
[email protected]
Abstract
Transdermal liposomes are drug-carrier systems in the form of vesicles composed of a double
phospholipid layer. This research aims to create a transdermal nano liposome formula contains
green tea leaf extract. Liposomes are made using thin-layer hydration techniques using
phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol as excipients. They were formulated computationally using the
D-Optimal Mixture Design Method. The experimental responses observed in this experiment were
particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. The determination of
compound levels in green tea leaf extract and the entrapment efficiency of compounds such as
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), catechin (CAT), and caffeine (CAF) were carried out by the
reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method. The research results
showed that the levels of EGCG, CAT, and CAF compounds in green tea leaf extract were 365.27
mg/g, 13.03 mg/g, and 77.82 mg/g.The optimum formula for transdermal liposomes was produced
with a ratio of phosphatidylcholine to cholesterol (11.11:0.89) mg. The optimum formula is predicted
to have experimental responses such as particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, and
entrapment efficiency of EGCG and CAF of 127.19 nm, 0.3, -24 mV, 77.19%, and 54.58%,
respectively.
Keywords: D Optimal Mixture Design, green tea, nano-liposomes, transdermal
53
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Processing and Tensile Properties of Natural Rubber Filled with Calcium Carbonate
or Silica in the Presences of Lauryl Alcohol
Indra Surya, Hanafi Ismail and Johan Anto
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[email protected]
Abstract
The processing and tensile properties of the compounds of natural rubber (NR) filled with calcium
carbonate (CaCO3) or silica filler in the presence of lauryl alcohol have been investigated. The NR
was filled with each of those fillers at a fixed concentration i.e., 30 phr and, they were compounded
with lauryl alcohol as a filler dispersant with varied concentrations on a laboratory mill by applying
the semi-efficient vulcanization recipe. A typical oscillating disc rheometer (ODR) was utilized for
the determination of processing properties. From the results, it was observed that CaCO3 or silica
with lauryl alcohol has increased the coefficient of vulcanization (RV) of the filled NR compounds
with a reduction in viscousness or minimal torsion. The results also showed that the lauryl alcohol
additions have enhanced the tensile properties of obtained filled NR compounds. The greater the
lauryl alcohol concentration; the greater the coefficient of vulcanization and tensile strength of both
types of filled NR. The overall results have indicated that the lauryl alcohol performance in
enhancements of processing and tensile properties was more pronounced on calcium carbonate
than silica.
Keywords: calcium carbonate, natural rubber, processing-tensile properties, silica
54
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Bioinformatics and Computational Biology
Biosystematics, Ecology, and Evolution Molecular
Biology and Biotechnology
55
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
POTENTIAL VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS OF ACTINOBACTERIA AGAINST
PLANT PATHOGENIC FUNGI
Windy A. Omadhika, Hesti Riany and Hasnaul Maritsa
[email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
Actinobacteria are microorganism with the second largest population after bacteria.
Actinobacteria produce secondary metabolite compound, such as volatile organic
compound that has a role as biocontrol pathogenic fungi. Emission of volatile compound
will inhibit growth of pathogenic fungi. Pathogen fungi which often found as a cause of plant
disease such as Ganoderma boninense and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The aim of
this research to get actinobacteria that have potential to inhibit pathogenic fungi and have
volatile compound activity against pathogen fungi damage. This research was carried out in
several stage, culture of actinobacteria and pathogenic fungi, test of volatile compound of
actinobacterial against pathogenic fungi by calculating the inhibitory percentage of
pathogenic fungi colonies, and then microscopic observation to observe the damage occur
hyphal and spore structure then qualitative and quantitative data analysis. There ware 19
isolates that ware rejuvenated based on their antagonistic abilities. Actinobacteria isolates
have volatile compounds that inhibit pathogenic fungi colonies and damage the structure of
pathogenic fungi hyphae of Ganoderma boninense and Colletotrichum gloeoporioides.
Actinobacteria have the potential of 84% volatile compounds against Ganoderma
boninense and 89% against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, isolates that have the highest
potential from the soil.
Keyword: Ganoderma boninense, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, anti-fungal
56
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Multi-epitope Vaccine Design against Grouper Iridovirus (GIV) using
Immuno-bioinformatics Approach
Siti Aisyah Razali, Nur Farahin Ishak, Wan-Atirah Azemin, Low Chen Fei and Mohd Shahir
Shamsir
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Grouper Iridovirus (GIV) infection induced cell death in grouper spleen cells and caused
serious systemic diseases with more than 90% mortality. Therefore, effective strategies are
critically needed to prevent economic losses and maintain the sustainability of grouper
aquaculture. Using immuno-bioinformatics, this study aimed to create a multi-epitope
vaccine (MEV) that would be effective against GIV. The GIV major capsid protein
sequences were retrieved from the NCBI proteome database. Out of 284 epitopes, 17 CTL,
12 HTL and 10 B-cell epitopes were predicted to be antigenic, non-allergenic and non-toxic.
10 highly antigenic and overlapping epitopes were shortlisted. To generate full-length
epitope vaccine candidates, the selected antigenic epitopes were fused with linkers and
adjuvants. Four sets of different linker combinations (no linker, GGS, EAAK, GGGS,
GPGPG, KK, and AAY) were tested and compared for their antigenicity, allergenicity and
toxicity using several servers. Molecular dynamics simulations with GROMACS were used
on the modeled 3D structures to examine their stability. The results of vaccine candidate
sequences screening and MD simulation predicted that the structure with GGS linker is
relatively stable with a high antigenic index, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. The designed
MEV in the present study could be a potential candidate for further vaccine production
process against GIV.
Keywords: immunoinformatics, computational biotechnology, vaccines, aquaculture, fish
diseases
57
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
GENETIC IDENTIFICATION AND GUT CONTENT OF GERONG FISH Osteochilus
waandersii FROM LARAI RIVER
Jai Kemalok, Mohammad Zulhusni Zakaria, Muhammad Asyraff Azahar, Aisyah Mohamed Rehan,
Nur Sabrina Badrulhisham and Kamarul Rahim Kamarudin
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Gerong fish is a popular freshwater fish among the Jakun tribe in Kampung Peta, Johor National
Park of Endau-Rompin especially in their traditional medicine, whereby its gut is eaten raw to
relieve dizziness. However, the knowledge on Gerong fish is still obscure. In this study, we aimed to
amplify the mitochondrial DNA barcode region of Gerong fish for genetic identification and to
identify its gut content. To achieve these, the DNA barcodes were obtained using polymerase chain
reaction of cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene and the gut content was observed using digital
stereo microscope. A number of five gene sequences were successfully obtained and the Basic
Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) analysis suggested its species status as Osteochilus
waandersii or the Waanders's hard-lipped barb. The partial gene sequences were registered with
the GenBank, National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine with
accession numbers of MN223396 - MN223400. Furthermore, the microscopic observation showed
the presence of undigested worms and digested plant materials in the fish guts. The plant materials
could be the aquatic mosses locally known as lumut batuk. The results can be a turning point to
further understand the genetics and feeding behaviour of Gerong fish.
Keywords: Gerong fish, Johor National Park of Endau-Rompin, Gut content, Cytochrome c oxidase
I gene, Osteochilus waandersii
58
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Comparison of Metabarcoding Techniques for Dietary Assessment in Herbivores and
Omnivores
Nur Hartini Sariyati, Hidayah Haris, Farah Farhana Ramli, Suliadi Firdaus Sufahani and Muhammad
Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Dietary assessment plays a vital role in understanding the ecological dynamics and nutritional
requirements of herbivores and omnivores. Metabarcoding, a rapidly evolving molecular technique
has emerged as a powerful tool for investigating the diet composition of these animals. However,
various metabarcoding techniques have been developed offering different advantages and
limitations. This study aims to compare and evaluate the performance of different metabarcoding
techniques for dietary assessment in herbivores and omnivores. We conducted systematic search
for 127 publications to review herbivores and omnivores metabarcoding diet for identifying the
dominant marker, platform and database that have been utilized. The effectiveness of different
marker, platform and database were compared in terms of their taxonomic resolution, sensitivity and
reproducibility. Preliminary results indicate there was a significant difference among the
metabarcoding techniques between different diet pattern of these two groups of animals. The 16S
rRNA gene demonstrated higher taxonomic resolution for herbivorous species, while the COI gene
showed greater performance for omnivorous species. This study provides valuable insights into the
strengths and limitations of different metabarcoding techniques for dietary assessment in herbivores
and omnivores. Our findings will contribute to the optimization of metabarcoding protocols, enabling
more accurate and reliable diet analyses in these ecological groups.
Keyword: Metabarcoding, Next Generation Sequencing, Wildlife
59
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
A Comparative Assessment of 16S Ribosomal RNA and Cytochrome Oxidase I
Primers for Amphibian DNA Barcoding
Farah Farhana Ramli, Kaviarasu Munian, Nursyuhada Othman, Nur Hartini Sariyati, Nurfatiha
Akmal Fawwazah Abdullah-Fauzi, Mohd Lokman Ilham-Norhakim, Suliadi Firdaus Sufahani and
Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Amphibians, a diverse and ecologically important group, are facing global declines due to various
factors. Accurate species identification is crucial for effective conservation efforts, and DNA
barcoding has emerged as a powerful tool in this regard. The choice of primer sets plays a pivotal
role in the success of DNA barcoding, impacting the accuracy and efficiency of species
identification. In this study, a comparative assessment was conducted of two widely used primer
sets targeting the 16S ribosomal RNA gene and the Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene,
respectively, for DNA barcoding of amphibian species. Out of 20 sample, a total of 15 samples were
successfully identified based on 16S rRNA gene region, while 11 samples were successfully
identified using the COI region. The result of this study shed light on the strengths and limitations of
each primer set for amphibian DNA barcoding applications. Ultimately, this research contributes to
refining the DNA barcoding methodology and advancing our understanding of amphibian diversity,
which is crucial for effective conservation strategies in an era of rapid environmental change.
Keyword: DNA Barcoding, Identification, Amphibian
60
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Application of Next-Generation Sequencing Technology in Southeast Asia: A
Practical Framework for Advancing Wildlife Conservation
Nursyuhada Othman, Hidayah Haris, Nur Hartini Sariyati, Farah Farhana Ramli, Suliadi Firdaus
Sufahani and Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The application of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a game-changer in
genomics, offering immense potential for advancing wildlife conservation efforts. The technology
brings new opportunities and challenges to meet the scientific questions that can be addressed in
management of wildlife. Thus, this paper introduces a comprehensive framework that emphasizes
the practical implementation of NGS technologies in the context of wildlife conservation globally
especially in Southeast Asia. We outline the practical steps involved including sample, equipment
and milestone in implementing NGS-based approaches and highlight their applications in species
identification, health and dietary assessment. Through the integration of NGS data with existing
conservation strategies, our framework enables researchers and conservation practitioners to gain
deeper insights in terms of applying the technology in conservation. We discuss the benefits and
limitations of NGS technologies, as well as the ethical considerations associated with their use. By
showcasing successful case studies and providing guidelines for data analysis and interpretation,
this paper aims to empower a broad range of readers, including researchers, policymakers, and
conservation enthusiasts in Southeast Asia to embrace NGS as a valuable tool for effective wildlife
conservation strategies in a rapidly changing world.
Keyword: Next Generation Sequencing, Southeast Asia, Wildlife Conservation
61
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Assessing Methodological Variability in Wildlife Microbiome Studies: Lessons from
Malaysian Wildlife for Effective Conservation Strategies
Hidayah Haris, Nur Hartini Sariyati, Farah Farhana Ramli, Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah
Abdullah-Fauzi, Suliadi Firdaus Sufahani and Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Gut microbiome studies have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential in
elucidating the role of microbial communities in wildlife health and ecological processes. However,
variability in study approaches across these studies can introduce biases and hinder the
comparability of findings. Hence, this study aims to assess the methodological variability in wildlife
gut microbiome studies conducted in Southeast Asia and to further analyze the previous research
performed in Malaysia. A comprehensive literature search identified a total of more than 200
relevant studies that have been conducted within the countries with 13 scientific articles from
Malaysia. These studies covered a wide range of taxa, including mammals, birds, aquatic
organisms as well as insects. Generally, various methodological approaches were employed to
characterize microbial communities, including the source of isolation, DNA extraction techniques,
targeted markers, as well as sequencing platforms. Future studies should strive to develop
guidelines and best practices specific to wildlife microbiome studies in Malaysia. This would
enhance comparability and facilitate the integration of findings. Such efforts will also advance our
understanding of the microbial diversity associated with wildlife, its ecological significance, and its
potential implications for wildlife health and conservation.
Keyword: Microbiome, Wildlife, Malaysia
62
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
A Quantitative Approach in Identifying Natural Selection Signals on Biallelic Single
Nucleotide Polymorphisms of BRCA1 Gene in Diverse Populations
Alam Ahmad Hidayat, Rudi Nirwantono, Joko Pebrianto Trinugroho and Bens Pardamean
[email protected]
Abstract
Population-specific studies reveal that cancer-related mechanisms of BRCA1 gene
mutations may vary by ethnicity. The wealth of public genomic data may provide insight into
the functional roles of BRCA1 in diverse populations. In this study, we performed population
differentiation analysis on biallelic SNPs located in the BRCA1 region using a
variant-calling data from the 1000 Human Genome Project. First, we conducted an Analysis
of Molecular Variance (AMOVA) in global populations to infer a differentiation of BRCA1
gene in three hierarchical levels: "superpopulation", "population", and "individual". An
evaluation of the fixation index (Fst) value was also conducted for each defined locus in the
gene. Moreover, the signals of the natural selection in BRCA1 gene was computed using
integrated Haplotype Score (iHS) per locus implemented via package rehh in R. The
AMOVA demonstrated that BRCA1 gene differentiation can be attributed to the continental
difference, for example, the genetic difference between Asian and African superpopulations
accounts for 25% of the total variance. Imposing the p-value-based approach on Fst and
iHS computation, we found that each population exhibits unique genic regions in BRCA1
under positive selection with statistically significant results. Our study is expected to ignite
research interest in cancer-related genes for underrepresented populations.
Keyword: BRCA1, Natural Selection, Population genetics
63
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
In SIlico Analysis of Plasmodium Falciparum Merozoite Surface Protein-1 (PFMSP-1)
of Plasmodium Falciparum for T-Helper Cell Activation
Yani Suryani, Opik Taupiqurrohman and Eva Nurkholifah
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Until recently vaccination is considered the most effective way to prevent malaria.
Nowadays, it is possible to use genomic information to study vaccine design in silico,
without the need to cultivate pathogenic microorganisms. In silico is the term used for the
research process using computer systems. The PFMSP-1 protein is a type of protein that
causes malaria and can be used as a source of malaria vaccine candidates. The aim of this
study was to analyze the PFMSP-1 protein as a candidate source for malaria in silico. The
principle of this research is to test the quality of the peptide bonds of the PFMSP-1 protein
with the Major Histocompatibility Complex II protein, as a protein that functions to activate T
helper cells. The main materials used were the amino acid sequence of the PFMSP-1
protein and the web-based software IEDB-AR. The analysis results show that the amino
acid sequence FLGISFLLILMLILY (Phenylalanine, Leucine, Glycine, Isoleucine, Serine,
Phenylalanine, Leucine, Leucine, Isoleucine, Leucine, Methionine, Leucine, Isoleucine,
Leucine, Tyrosine) is a vaccine candidate for malaria.
Keyword: vaccine, malaria, PFMSP1, peptide, in silico, amino acids
64
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Phylogenetics of Gymnodinium catenatum Graham as Infer from the Secondary
Structure of Internal Transcribed Spacers 2 (ITS2)
Ludmilla Untari, Christopher Burke and Christopher Bolch
[email protected]
Abstract
Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) is molecular barcode marker for most of organism and
has provided phylogenetic information across species. Moreover, the ITS2 has provided
application for distinct biological species delimitation. The secondary structure model of
Gymnodinium catenatum of ITS2 is constructed to provide improved species delineation of
the mircoreticulate-cyst group containing G. catenatum. The secondary structure was as
follow; (1) a six-helices structure with one loop on the sixth helices (the longest helix), (2)
contains pair of purine-purine mismatch (GG and AA), (3) there are common motifs of
pyrimidine-pyrimidine mismatch - UU, GUG and GUUG, (4) a mutation of CBS is identified
from the Helix VI (mismatch of UG).
Keyword: ITS2, CBC, phylogenetics, secondary structure
65
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Genetic differentiaion of Hippa adactyla based on CO1 gene sequence in sundaland
Vendi Eko Susilo, Vinna Windy Putri, Achmad Alfiyan, Ali Mashar, Yusli Wardiatno and
Achmad Farajallah
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
The Hippidae is a family of sand crabs that inhabit intertidal ecosystems, specifically in
sandy areas scattered throughout the coast. Differences in habitat conditions cause
variations in Hippidae members. Hippa adactyla is a member of the genus Hippa. This
study aimed to mapping the genetic differentiation between Hippa adactyla populations in
the Greater Sunda Islands. The sand crab (Hippa adactyla) samples were taken from
Sumatra (Pariaman, Bengkulu, Lampung) and Java (Pangandaran, Pelabuhan Ratu,
Banyuwangi) by handcatching then stored in alcohol 96%. Total genomic DNA was
extracted from the muscle tissue of the samples using a commercial DNA Extraction KIT.
The upper part of the COI gene (5' end) (±750 bp) was amplified using specific primers.
Based on the K2P substitution model, the greatest genetic diversity was found for Hippa
adactyla from the Lampung population (0.0241) and the lowest from the Sumatran
population (0.006). The genetic distance of the Pangandaran population to the Bali Strait
population is the same as that of the Sumatran population (0.062). Genetic diversity ranges
from 0.000 to 0.123. Haplotype diversity was 0.928, consisting of 18 haplotypes.
Keyword: COI gene, genetic diversity, haplotype diversity, sand crab
66
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Habitat Preferences of R. zollingeriana Based on Spatial Distribution, Population
Structure, and Environmental Factors in Papring Forest, Banyuwangi, East Java,
Indonesia
N Nurchayati, Jati Batoro, Luchman Hakim and Rodiyati Azrianingsih
[email protected]
Abstract
Rafflesia zollingeriana is endemic to East Java. This species has been confirmed in several
areas, most recently in the Papring forest in northern Banyuwangi, East Java. The purpose
of this study was to determine the distribution map of R. zollingeriana in Papring Forest, the
population structure, and environmental factors that affect its abundance in Papring Forest
Banyuwangi, north of East Java. The method used in this study was purposive sampling. A
distribution map of R. zollingeriana was obtained by exploring their presence, marking
them, and mapping them with the QGIS program. The analysis of influencing environmental
factors was determined by PCA using the PAST3 Program. The results showed that R.
zollingeriana populations were found at 39 location points. The population size of R.
zollingeriana found was 659, with a total of 567 (86%) live knops; 50 (8%) individuals were
dead before blooming; 11 (2%) were in bloom; 18 (3%) individuals were in the rotten stage;
and 13 (2%) individuals were leaving ripe fruit. Results from the PCA analysis showed that
the environmental factors that most influenced the abundance of R zollingeriana in Papring
Forest were sunlight intensity and soil pH conditions.
Keyword: R. zollingeriana, Distribution, Popullation Structure, Papring Forest
67
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Biodiversity of freshwater fish in Pangalengan District, Bandung, West Java
Daniel Frikli Mokodongan, Gema Wahyudewantoro, Nurjirana Nurjirana, Himmah Rustiami,
Ina Erlinawati, Taufik Mahendra, Rena Tri Hernawati and Ira Mayangsari
[email protected]
Abstract
Java Island has about 132 species of freshwater fish compared to the other major islands
in the Sundaland region, such as Sumatra, which has about 589 species. The purpose of
this study is to reveal and identify the diversity of freshwater fish around Pulosari Village,
Pangalengan District. Exploration activities were conducted in river and lake habitats of
Pangalengan District, Bandung Regency, West Java. Specimens were been collected by
local fishermen and ourselves using three fishing gears: nets, fishing rods, and fish
scrappers. Immediately after collecting, fish were documented using a digital camera to
obtain their original color. In this study, total 11 freshwater fish species belonging to 10
families were found. Some species are recognized as introduced fish.
Keyword: Biodiversity, Freshwater fish, Cileunca
68
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Genomic Diversity and Evolution Coat Protein of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus in
Indonesia
Aprilia Sufi Subiastuti, Nabilah Amaliah, Hestiningtyas Hestiningtyas, Arfista Deska
Khairunnisa and Alivia Nur Maysaroh
[email protected]
Abstract
Begomovirus, the largest genus of plant viruses, encompasses 500 recognized species
capable of infecting over 420 different plant species. Emerging begomoviruses, like Tomato
leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), pose significant threats due to their expanding host
range and distribution. Indonesia is one Asian country experiencing the spread of
ToLCNDV, which is particularly destructive. Although Asia harbors the highest Begomovirus
diversity, genomic studies in Indonesia remain limited, hindering our ability to predict the
virus's evolution and develop effective control strategies.
This research focuses on ToLCNDV's genome, especially coat protein evolution in
Indonesia, compared to Southeast Asian isolates. A total of 82 complete ToLCNDV
sequences from Asia were aligned and used to construct a phylogenetic tree using
Geneious prime. The analysis revealed ancestral strains of new strains found on other
regions. Particularly, the study examined variations in the AV1 gene, responsible for the
coat protein and vital for plant-vector interactions and virus transmission. Multiple
high-frequency single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified, potentially
representing adaptations of the virus to the host plant's defense mechanisms. This
research not only sheds light on ToLCNDV's evolution in Indonesia but also provides
insights into its global spread and adaptation, crucial for devising effective control
measures.
Keyword: Begomovirus, Coat protein, Diversity, Genetic, Evolution
69
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Biomedical Science and Natural Bioactive Compounds
70
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Analysis Resistance of Malathion and Cypermethrin Insecticide in Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus,
1973) from Kaliwungu Kudus and Kotagede Yogyakarta using CDC Bottle Bioassay
Afghan Azka Falah and Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is a primary vector of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) and is frequently found
near to human dwellings. Indonesia is a tropical country with environmentally suitable for mosquito
breeding. Insecticides are commonly used to control mosquito populations, however long and
continuous use of insecticides will create resistance. This study aimed to determine the resistance
of Aedes aegypti populations from Kemantren Kotagede, Yogyakarta City, and Kaliwungu District,
Kudus Regency to Malathion and Cypermethrin using CDC Bottle Bioassay. Ovitrap was placed in
50 houses with different geospatial and environmental characteristics, and the eggs were brought to
the laboratory for rearing until adulthood. Fifteen of female mosquitoes were used as test for each
concentration of Malathion and cypermethrin.The study showed that Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from
Kaliwungu and Kotagede were resistant to malathion at the diagnostic dose of 1x. However, at the
2x diagnostic test, mosquito from Kaliwungu showed tolerant, while mosquito from Kotagede was
susceptible to malathion. The cypermethrin test showed that both mosquitoe samples were
resistant and susceptible at the diagnostic dose of 2x and 5x respectively.
Keywords: Aedes aegypti, Malathion, Cypermethrin, CDC Bottle Bioassay
71
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Cytotoxic Activities of Apis nigrocincta Smith Crude Venom Against T47D Breast Cancer
Cell
Yunita Messe, Hari Purwanto and Nastiti Wijayanti
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most deadly cancer among women worldwide. The management and treatment
of breast cancer patients are complicated by pharmacological side effects and drug resistance, so it
is essential to investigate chemical compounds derived from natural substances. Biotoxins from
honeybee venom contain bioactive substances that have the potential to be used as cancer
therapeutic agents. The potential cytotoxic activity of venom from Apis nigrocincta living in Central
Sulawesi on T47D cells has never been reported. This research aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity
effect of A. nigrocincta crude venom and Doxorubicin as positive controls for inhibiting the growth of
T47D breast cancer cells. In this study, the venom of A. nigrocincta was manually collected by
dissecting venom sac using fine-tipped tweezers. Cytotoxic activities of samples were assessed
using the MTT assay, whose IC50 values were determined using probit analysis. The results
showed that the IC50 values of A. nigrocincta venom and the Doxorubicin were classified as having
high toxicity, at 8.303 and 2.134 µg/mL, respectively. Our results suggest that A. nigrocincta crude
venom was shown to have a potent cytotoxic effect on T47D cells, suggesting that it is a promising
anticancer agent.
Keywords: Breast cancer, Apis nigrocincta, Honeybee venom, Cytotoxicity, T47D cell
72
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
How Wi-Fi Impacts Cellular Health: Unveiling the Potential Effects on Acanthamoeba Cells
Ummu Mikyal Abdul Halim, Nor Hazmin Sabri, Fatimah Hashim, Nur Humairah Amni Mohd Wuzri
and Ruslan Umar
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Wi-Fi, or Wireless Fidelity, is a technology that utilizes non-ionizing radiation (NIR) to enable
wireless communication between devices. Wi-Fi routers emit radio waves in the microwave
frequency range, typically at 2.4 or 5 GHz, to transmit data wirelessly. When a device, such as a
smartphone or a laptop, is equipped with Wi-Fi capabilities, it contains a receiver that detects and
interprets the radio waves emitted by Wi-Fi routers. This research studies the Wi-Fi operation
emitted by mobile phones (1800 MHz), 2G and 3G networks (945 MHz and 2100 MHz), and the
highest frequency produced by a Wi-Fi router, the vector spectrum analyzer (4000 MHz) on a
eukaryotic microorganism, the Acanthamoeba sp. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the
effects of non-ionizing radiation (NIR) on cellular health by using Acanthamoeba sp. as a
bioindicator model, which can be found ubiquitously in natural and artificial environments. This
research covers the Acanthamoeba cellular changes observation under light microscopy and
cytoplasmic activity - stain with Acridine Orange and Propidium Iodide (AO/PI) dyes under
fluorescence microscopy. The findings revealed a direct relationship between the increasing
frequencies of NIR and cellular activities preceding cell death, manifesting as autophagy and
necrosis. Specifically, the treatment with 2100 MHz NIR resulted in the highest incidence of
autophagic cell death, while the treatment with 4000 MHz NIR exhibited the highest number of
necrotic cells. This can be attributed to the disruption of cell membranes, which allowed the dyes to
penetrate and stain the cells, thus inducing changes in the morphology and cytoplasmic activities of
Acanthamoeba sp. trophozoites. These results proposed that the presence of NIR affects cellular
health, and its presence in the environment is detrimental to living organisms.
Keywords: Autophagy, Bioindicator, Cytoplasm, Necrosis, Non-ionizing radiation, Microorganism
73
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Activity Of Selected Underutilized Plants In Nadir
Plot Taman Botani, Sri Medan, Johor, Malaysia
Furzani Pa'Ee, Nurfatin Nadzirah Hamsani and Hairul Azhar Sulaiman
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
This study investigated the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of four underutilized plants in
Nadir plot in Taman Botani: Phyllanthus acidus, Diospyrus dicolour, Flacourtia rukam, and Anacardium
occidentale. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total
flavonoid content was determined using the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant activity was
evaluated by three assays: DPPH radical scavenging, ABTS radical scavenging, and Ferric Reducing
Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. The results showed Flacourtia rukam leaves had the highest total
phenolic content (87.17 ± 0.5890 mg GAE/g), while Phyllanthus acidus leaves had the highest total
flavonoid content (149.83 ± 0.5768 mg RE/g). For DPPH radical scavenging, Anacardium occidentale
had the lowest IC50 value (57.9132 ± 15.03802 µg/mL), indicating the strongest antioxidant potential.
However, for ABTS radical scavenging, Phyllanthus acidus had the lowest IC50 value (3.7581 ± 5.8748
µg/mL), indicating the strongest antioxidant potential. For FRAP assay, Flacourtia rukam had the
highest FRAP value (9.9336 mM Fe2+ /L). In conclusion, the selected underutilized plants in Taman
Botani are rich sources of antioxidants, with high levels of phenolic and flavonoid content. The results
suggest that these plants could be used as a source of phytochemicals for nutraceutical and functional
food applications.
Keywords: phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, underutilized plants, taman botani johor,
Phyllanthus acidus, Diospyrus dicolour, Flacourtia rukam, Anacardium occidentale
74
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Nutritional Content of Ficus benjamina Fruits Consumed by Frugivorous Birds
in Taman Botani Johor
Furzani Pa'Ee, Hairul Azhar Sulaiman, Nur Faizah Azzahra Mohd Saien and Nor
Atiqah Norazlimi
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract
Ficus benjamina is a common tree in Taman Botani Johor, and it is a food source for
many frugivorous birds. This study investigated the nutrient content of F. benjamina
fruits by analyzing the fruits of 7 species of birds that were observed feeding on the
tree in a safe manner. The fruits were collected and analyzed for their nutrient content
using a standard method for nutritional composition determination. The results
showed that the fruits have a high carbohydrate content (19.7%), a low fat content
(0.6%), and a moderate protein content (1.5%). The fruits also have a high moisture
content (76.7%) and a low ash content (1.6%). The high carbohydrate content of the
fruits is likely to be attractive to frugivorous birds, as carbohydrates are an important
source of energy for reproduction, growth, and development. The low fat content may
also be beneficial to the birds, as excess fat can be harmful to their health. The
results of this study provide valuable information on the nutrient content of F.
benjamina fruits, which can be used to better understand the feeding ecology of
frugivorous birds in Taman Botani Johor in a safe manner.
Keywords: nutritional content, carbohydrates, protein, fat, moisture content, ash
content, Ficus benjamina, frugivorous
75
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
INTERNET ADDICTION AMONGST STUDENTS OF A MEDICAL COLLEGE IN CENTRAL INDIA: A
CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY
Narayan Umale, Himani Shemar and Anupam V Rathod
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Introduction: Internet addiction is an upcoming problem that has been considered as an important
public health problem and the position of India comes after China, US and Japanin terms of highest
number of internet users. Objective: To assess the usage of internet among students of Medical
college and to classify levels of internet addiction. Methodology: A questionnaire based cross-sectional
study was planned. Students of 1st year, 3rd year and interns were selected to participate in study.
Young’s Addiction Test was used as a tool to assess and classify internet addiction. Data was entered
and analysed in Epiinfo7. Results:49.75% (199) students has mean score between 50-79 which
indicates moderate dependence on internet whereas 36.50 (146) students has mean score of 31-49
and 3.75% (15) students show mean score between 81-100 which indicates mild and severe
dependency on internet respectively. 10% (40) students has mean score between 0-30 which indicates
normal internet usage Synthetic Biology .Conclusion: the internet usage among medical students is on
rise which should be taken care of with care and special program should be taken to create awareness
amongst students.
Keywords: Internet addiction, addiction, Young’s Addiction Test, Synthetic Biology
76
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
An analysis of pulmonary function tests in construction workers
Sanjay Nehe, Ranjit Ambad and Manish Ramdas Dhawade
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Background: In construction workers, repeated and constant exposure to noxious materials generated
at construction sites often increases the risk of respiratory illness. Pulmonary function test (PFT) is an
important tool utilized for both diagnosis the cause of unknown or unexplained respiratory symptoms
and monitoring prognosis of patients with known respiratory pathology. In the present study, PFT of
construction workers was assessed using spirometry. Methods: A total of 100 male construction
workers (working for >1 year) belonging age group 21 to 60 years were included in the study.
Additionally, equal number of age matched healthy individuals without any exposure to construction
work was recruited as controls.Indices of pulmonary functions included forced vital capacity (FVC),
peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1/FVC and maximal voluntary
ventilation (MVV). Results:Maximum workers belonged to age group 21 to 40 years. A total of 37 had
habit of smoking. Construction workers also suffered from respiratory ailments like cough, dyspnea,
sorethroat etc. All indices of PFT were significantly decreased in construction workers compared to
controls.
Keywords: Construction workers,respiratory ailments,pulmonary function tests, spirometry
77
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Evaluation of pulmonary function tests in long and short distance runners.
Sanjay Nehe, Ranjit Ambad and Manish Totey
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Background:Physical exercise has been reported to improve many health indices and well-being of
individual of any age. Among various physical exercises, running is hugely popular and convenient
leisure time activity. Running reduces the risk of respiratory illness. Runners have increased
pulmonary/respiratory capacity compared to non-exercising individuals. All parameters of PFT
likeforced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), forced expiratory
volume in three second (FEV3), peak of expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC ratio were
significantly high in long distance runners and controls.Methods: The study included a total of 50 each
of long and short distance runners. Additionally, 50 age matched individuals with leisure-time physical
activity or activities done for less than 20 minutes or less than 3 times/week were included in the
study.The PFT was performed by using Medspiror (Computerized spirometry).Results: All PFT indices
likeforced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1st second (FEV1), forced expiratory
volume in three second (FEV3), peak of expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and FEV1/FVC ratio were
significantly high in long and short distancerunners as compared to controls.
Keywords: Long distance runners, short distance runner, physical exercise pulmonary function test,
Spirometry, respiratory system.
78
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Correlation of activated PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and PTEN status in canine soft tissue
sarcoma
Alfarisa Nururrozi, Kyohei Miyanishi, Masaya Igase and Takuya Mizuno
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) is a critical signaling pathway regulating cell
proliferation and growth. Dysregulation of this pathway occurs in various cancers, so it has potential as
a diagnostic marker or therapeutic target. We investigated the involvement of the PI3K/Akt pathway in
canine soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Canine STS is estimated 15-30% of skin tumors, so it has potential
as translational research for human STS. Previously, we found the expression of phosphorylated Akt
(p-Akt) and phosphorylated S6 (p-S6), as marker proteins for PI3K/Akt activation in vitro. p-Akt and
p-S6 were positively immunolabelled in 30 (71.4%) and 36 (85.7%) from 42 resected canine STS
tumors, respectively. Subsequently, we analyzed the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a
negative regulator in the PI3K/Akt pathway. PTEN’s primary function is to inhibit the activation of the
Akt pathway by counteracting the effect of PI3K. Interestingly, PTEN was found in 37/42 (88.1%), and
only four of those samples were negative immunolabeling for p-Akt and p-S6 in PTEN-positive
samples. We found that the PI3K/Akt pathway remained activated even though PTEN was intact. We
hypothesize that PI3K/Akt activation in canine STS may not solely depend on PTEN status, and other
aberrant in PI3K/Akt pathways are involved.
Keywords: PI3K/Akt, PTEN, Soft tissue sarcoma
79
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Test potential anticancer activity of seagrass Cymodocea rotundata and taurine in vitro with
BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method and MCF-7 cell culture (breast cancer)
Fatimah Alhafizoh, Endang Linirin Widiastuti, Nuning Nurcahyani, Ni Luh Gede Ratna Juliasih and
Endah Setyaningrum
[email protected]
Abstract
The prevalence of breast cancer in Indonesia has increased every year. Therapies commonly used to
treat breast cancer have side effects. So it is necessary to explore natural materials as an alternative to
breast cancer treatment, namely seagrass Cymodocea rotundata which is sources of bioactive
compounds and have anticancer potential and are widely distributed in Lampung marine waters. This
study aims to determine the cytotoxic effects of taurine and ethanol extracts of Cymodocea rotundata
on Artemia salina and MCF-7 cell culture. The research methods include cytotoxic testing was carried
out using the BSLT and WST-8 methods. The results showed that bioactive compounds contained in
Cymodocea rotundata are saponins, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Cytotoxic activity test
in the BSLT test showed that taurine and ethanol extracts of Cymodocea rotundata were in the low
toxic category with LC50 values is 109.58 ppm. In the cytotoxic test, it was concluded that. the ethanol
extract of seagrass Cymodocea rotundata has not been proven effective on MCF-7 human breast
cancer cells because it does not have cytotoxic activity with IC50 value > 1000 ppm, which is 1219.72
ppm.
Keyword: Cymodocea rotundata, Cytotoxic, MCF-7 cell
80
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
The Effect of Growing Media on Growth, Biochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of
Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.) Microgreen.
Mohamad Agus Salim and Muhammad Subandi
[email protected]
Abstract
Microgreens are immature young plants grown for their health benefits. A study was performed to
evaluate the different growing media on growth, biochemical composition, and antioxidant activities of
sweet corn (Zea mays L.) microgreen species. The growing media were zeolite, cocopeat and rice
hush charcoal. Germination percentage of sweet corn microgreens was the highest in rice hush
charcoal while the fresh weight and dry weight were highest in zeolite. Chlorophyll and carotenoid
contents of sweet corn microgreen grown in cocopeat was the highest, followed by rice hush charcoal
and zeolite. Sweet corn microgreens grown in zeolite had the highest sugar and protein contents.
Consistently, total phenolics and flavonoids of the sweet corn microgreen grown in zeolite were
increased by 1.5-fold compared to grown in cocopeat dan rice hush charcoal. Antioxidant enzyme
activities was the highest in sweat corn microgreens grown in zeolite. Overall, zeolite was the most
effective growing media to increase microgreens plant growth and biochemical composition.
Keyword: biochemical, cocopeat, microgreens, rice hush charcoal, sweet corn, zeolite
81
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Antioxidant Activity of Medinilla speciosa-MLVs Liposome Formula in Mice
Widyandani Sasikirana, Intan Rahmania Eka Dini, Hermawan Istiadi, Endang Mahati, Arlita
Leniseptaria Antari, Ragil Setia Dianingati, Yora Nindita, Eva Annisaa and Lailatul Fitriana
[email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The poor solubility and bioavailability of antioxidant compounds in Medinilla speciosa need to be
improved by lipid encapsulation-based formulation. In this study, we formulated Parijoto extract to be a
multilamellar vesicle liposome and investigated the antioxidant activity based on changes in its liver
histopathology profile and SOD1 gene expression in mice.
Parijoto fruit was formulated to be MLVs Liposome-Parijoto through a thin layer hydration method.
Characteristics evaluation was carried out by entrapment efficiency, microscopic, size, and
polydispersity index (PI). Benzo[a]pyrene induction dose 1 mg/kg BB for 4 weeks i.p, followed by
administration of samples (MLVs doses of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg, extract dose 75 mg/kg), positive
control (Na-acetylcysteine dose 150 mg/kg BB) for 4 weeks. Antioxidant activity was analyzed through
the liver histopathological grade and the Fold change of SOD1 gene expression using qRT-PCR.
The size of the formula was 3,89±1,45 μm (58,20±0,04 %EE, 0,55±0,12 PI). 75 mg/kg BB formula
dose can increase the SOD1 gene expression (Fold change: 228,33) significantly compared to other
doses. The hepatoprotective activity of the formula has been increasing with the dose increasing. The
MLVs liposome-Parijoto is proven to provide antioxidant effects by increasing the SOD1 gene
expression to reduce cell degeneration.
Keyword: MLV Liposome, Medinilla speciosa, Antioxidant, SOD1 gene, Hepatoprotector
82
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
THE ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIA ACTIVITY OF PARIJOTO (Medinilla speciosa)
Noor Nailis Sa'Adah, Raisa Ananda Prameswari and Awik Puji Dyah Nurhayati
[email protected]
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia cause abnormalities in lipid metabolism and liver cell damage such as inflammation,
scarring and cirrhosis. The liver is the largest organ located in the abdominal cavity with the function of
detoxification and synthesis of endogenous cholesterol. Many plant natural products have been known
as anti-hyperlipidemia, one of them is parijoto (M. speciosa) which contains flavonoids, saponins,
kardenolins, and anthocyanins. Flavonoid potential as an antioxidants and improve the hyperlipidemia
condition. This study aims to determine the levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL), triglycerides, and
the liver histological structure of hyperlipidemic mice (M. musculus) that given methanol extract of
parijoto. Mice were divided into 4 groups, KI as negative control, KII hyperlipidemic control, KIII, and
KIV were given parijoto methanol extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg BW and 200 mg/kg BW. TG and LDL
levels were measured by enzymatic colorimetric test and photometric system, respectively. The liver
histological of mice was observed microscopically using Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The
results showed that the best dose of parijoto methanolic extract to reduce TG and LDL levels of
hyperlipidemic mice is 200 mg/kg BW. Histological analysis on mice liver showed that parijoto extract
at 200 mg/kg BB best recover the liver damage.
Keywords: Hyperlipidemia, Liver Histology, Low-Density Lipoprotein, Triglycerides
83
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Glycerolysis of palm kernel oil catalyzed by MgO on mono and diglyceride
Ngatirah Ngatirah, Kusumastuti Kusumastuti, Cakra Wt, Teddy Suparyanto, Joko Pebrianto Trinugroho
and Bens Pardamean
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Monoglyceride and diglyceride are known as emulsifiers that have been used in the food industry.
Furthermore, both mono and diglyceride also have the potential to be utilized as antibacterial
compounds. Both of them can be produced from natural source, such as palm kernel oil, via
glycerolysis reaction. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and time of glycerolysis
reaction on the composition of mono and diglyceride and their capability as an antibacterial agent. This
study used a split-plot design with the temperature of glycerolysis as the main plot (80°C, 90°C, and
100°C) and the time of glycerolysis as the subplot (3, 4, and 5 hours). Several parameters were
analyzed, including acid number, percent conversion, and antibacterial activity. Then, Gas
Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze glycerolysis products. Our results
showed that the variations in temperature and time of glycerolysis had no effect on acid numbers,
percentage conversion, and antibacterial activity. In addition, the glycerolysis products have a higher
zone of inhibition against Bacillus subtilis compared to Escherichia coli. The highest percentage of
conversion was obtained at glycerolysis temperature of 100°C and 5 hours. From the results of GC-MS
analysis, monolaurin was obtained at 12.06% area.
Keywords: glycerolysis, palm kernel oil, antibacterial activity, mono and diglyceride
84
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii on Blood Donor at PMI Kabupaten Magelang by Rapid
Diagnostic Methods in 2022
Gravinda Widyaswara, Aulia Rahman, Kumara Rahmawati Zain, Tanti Rahayu and Nursita Andriyani K
[email protected]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that can infect most warm-blooded animals, including humans. The
infection is caused by Toxoplasma gondii called Toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis transmission can occur
because of human behavior such as keeping cats, eating raw vegetables and fruit with a less clean,
not washing hands properly, and consuming food and drinks served without lids that could potentially
be contaminated with oocysts, as well as soil-related work such as gardening and farming. Toxoplasma
gondii is an infectious parasite that could be transmitted through blood transfusions. The aim of this
research was to detect IgM and IgG antibodies of Toxoplasma gondii in blood donors by Rapid
Diagnostic method at PMI Kabupaten Magelang. This research study is a descriptive observational
with a cross-sectional design. The sample was 25 respondents with blood categories A, B, O, and AB
at PMI Kabupaten Magelang in 2022. According to the results of the Toxoplasmosis examination
utilizing the Rapid Diagnostic Test technique on blood donors at PMI Kabupaten Magelang, as many
as 25 responders obtained non-reactive IgM and IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii. It could be
concluded that no respondents were found to have reactive IgM and IgG antibodies against
Toxoplasma gondii.
Keywords : Toxoplasma gondii, Blood donor, Rapid Diagnostic Methods, PMI Kabupaten Magelang
85
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Organoleptic Assessment of Bornean Ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Leaf as a Diuretic
Herbal Beverage
Deby Mipa Salam, Andrian Fernandes, Aulia Nur Laksmita and Rizki Maharani
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The Bornean ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri) is a native tree species in Borneo (Kalimantan)
belongs to Lauraceae family. Ironwood has a very slow growth rate while its utilization for commercial
wood is very famous. It is very necessary to find innovative uses other than wood, with the pupose of
conserving this ironwood. One of innovative uses is a utilization of Ironwood’ leaves for herbal tea as a
diuretic. However, ironwood leaf tea on its own may lack favourable aroma and taste . To enhance
these inadequates, some herbs such as red roselle, jasmine, green tea leaves, and butterfly pea
flowers can be added. This present study was conducted to determine consumer acceptance through
organoleptic tests of Ironwood’ leaf tea with additional those herbs. The organoleptic tests of Ironwood’
leaf tea were conducted with 60 untrained respondents, including acceptance of aroma, taste, colour
and total preference for tea bags made at five levels. Results indicated that the addition of jasmine
flowers improved flavour and aroma acceptance, while red roselle flowers enhanced color and overall
acceptability. This innovative product can be developed to encourage the community's economy and
as supporting agent for conservation programs, while offering consumers a delightful herbal tea
experience.
Keywords: brewed tea, ironwood leaf, jasmine flowers, organoleptic test, red roselle flowers
86
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) Escherichia coli recovered from ICU
and non-ICU at dr. Zainoel Abidin general hospital
Asha Albela, Wilda Mahdani, Zinatul Hayati and Suhartono Suhartono
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The research conducted at dr. Zainoel Abidin general hospital in Banda Aceh between January 2022
and July 2023, focused on the prevalence and susceptibility patterns of ESBL-producing Escherichia
coli associated with nosocomial infections. The study employed a retrospective descriptive
methodology, analyzing clinical specimens from both ICU and Non-ICU settings. Of the 520 isolates
examined, 365 (70.19%) were identified as ESBL-producing Escherichia coli. The age group of 56-65
had the highest prevalence (28.21%), with female patients contributing 52.50% of the isolates. The
operating rooms and surgical wards reported the highest incidence (23.56%).Antibiotic susceptibility
testing revealed high resistance levels towards carbapenem antibiotics. Conversely, polymyxin B
showed complete susceptibility (100%), and cefoxitin exhibited an 85% susceptibility rate. These
findings underscore the alarming resistance levels among ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates.
Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility, Clinical specimens, ESBL-producing Escherichia coli, Nosocomial
infections, ICU and Non-ICU settings
87
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF SOME PLANTS LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST THE FUNGUS
COLLETOTRICHUM ACUTATUM IN CHILI (CAPSICUM ANNUUM L.)
Sang Ketut Sudirga, I Made Saka Wijaya and Ni Putu Adriani Astiti
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
In horticultural crops including chili, the synthetic fungicides have been widely used for controlling the
anthracnose disease. To reduce the dependency on synthetic fungicides for controlling pathogenic
fungi. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the plant extracts that have the potential to inhibit
the growth of pathogenic fungi Colletotrichum acutatum. The 20 potential plant species have been
collected for their study and exploration. From the plants, the leaf extract was extracted by using
maceration method in methanol and n-hexane. In each plant extract the content of chemical
compounds were also analyzed by GC-MS analysis. All the obtained leaf extracts were tested for their
bioactivity using the colony method and diffusion well. The results revealed that out of 20 types of
plants, the six plant species were capable to inhibit the growth of C. acutatum fungi including Piper
nigrum, Piper ornatum, Piper retrofractum, Ficus septica, Samanea saman, and Tithonia diversifolia.
The leaf extract of F. septica has the highest inhibition rate (81.11%) for the growth of C. acutatum
compared to other plant leaf extracts. Based on GC-MS analysis, the leaf extract of F. septica contains
15 types of active compounds, in which nine of them were having antimicrobial activities.
Keywords: anthracnose diseases, Ficus septica, antimicobial
88
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
The Effect of Addition Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera) to Yoghurt As A Functional Food
Innovation
Astuti Kusumorini, Risda Arba Ulfa and Muhammad Fatah
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
An Moringa yogurt is one of the healthy fungal food innovations and can be consumed by people with
milk lactose allergy sufferers. Moringa as a plant rich in nutrients, very potentially when combined with
fermented milk produces a product that has high selling power. Moringa yogurt products can affect
people's satiety capacity without drastically changing consumption patterns, so that uncontrolled
patterns of people's food consumption can be resolved. This study used an experimental method of 4
treatments (control, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) with 6 repetitions aimed at knowing the effect of differences in
moringa leaf concentration on pH, viscosity level, syneresis, and yogurt sensory and knowing the
concentration of saloric leaf addition that is filling and most preferred through the organoleptic test
process. Differences in the concentration of moringa leaves affect the level of viscosity, syneresis, and
sensory yogurt. Yogurt P3 has the highest viscosity rate of 36.04 cP and the lowest syneresis rate at
16.67%. Control yogurt had syneresis (50.5%) and the highest satiety expectations. P1 yogurt has the
highest preferred rate (3.08) compared to other moringa yogurts. Control yogurt had the highest pH
average value (3.70) while P3 yogurt had the lowest pH average value (3.51).
Keywords: syneresis, viscosity, saloric
89
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
The Improvement of Spermatozoa Health in Male Rats Given Granules Combination of Roselle
Flower Extract and Bee Pollen
Ni Luh Watiniasih, Dewa Ayu Swastini, Luh Putu Ida Harini, Eka Indra Setiawan and Putu Ayuning
Dinda Nirmalayanthi
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Infertility is a problem that is often faced by married couples, and 50% of them occur in males. One
factor causing male infertility is oxidative stress, which is caused by an imbalance between free
radicals and the body's antioxidants. Granule combinations of rosella and stingless bee pollen are
thought to contain anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, and β-carotene which act as antioxidants.
This study aimed to examine the effect of granules combination of rosella flower extract and bee pollen
on the number and speed of spermatozoa after being exposed to Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Carbon
tetrachloride causes an increase in ROS by triggering the formation of trichloromethyl (CCl3) and
trichloromethyl peroxy (CCl3O2) radicals. A total of 24 BALB/c strain male mice. The treatments were
carried out for 20 days, divided into normal group, negative control, positive controls, treatment 1 (P1),
treatment 2 (P2), and treatment 3 (P3). On the 21st day, the mice cauda epididymis were tested for the
number and speed of spermatozoa. The results showed that the mice treated with 50 mg/20 g proved
effective in increasing the number and speed of spermatozoa, but a higher amount of granules
administered to the mice decreased the number and speed of spermatozoa.
Keywords: antioxidant, bee pollen, infertility, rosella extract, sperm health
90
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Acute Toxicity Tests on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos and Its Chemical Compound in
Ethanolic Extract of Coffee (Coffea arabica L.) Peel
Adisty Virakawugi Darniwa, Yani Suryani and Neni Setia Asih
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Bacterial causes chronic inflammation on the skin through emersion of acne. Eventhough some of
acne are self-limiting disease, it took effect to the performance and psychological of the patient.
Various treatments have been done to overcome the acne. Therefore, developing new compound from
natural product is widely explored. Peel from the coffee (Coffea arabica L.) contains compound that
can be used as an antimicrobial agent. However, its toxicity should be investigated before further
utilization. This research was aimed to determine LC50 of the ethanolic extract and to analyzed its
chemical compound by using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos as a subject to determine safety of the
extract. 20 embryos were exposed to various concentration (50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600 μg/mL) of
ethanolic extract from 6 hours post-fertilization (hpf) to 96 hpf and performed in triplicates for each
concentration. Embryotoxicity effect of ethanolic extract includes hatching delay, reduction of heartrate,
malformation, and pericardial edema that depicted in high concentration. Coffee peel ethanol extract
show 32,67 μg/mL of LC50. Occupying on OECD aquatic toxicity classification, coffee peel ethanol
extract was classified as moderate and safe for further utilization.
Keywords: Coffee peel, zebrafish embryo, Antimicrobial, toxicity test
91
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Antioxidant Ativity and Cytotoxicity of Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) Leaves Aqueous Extract
on RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells
Qonita Fillah, Slamet Widiyanto and Nastiti Wijayanti
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Plants are frequently used in traditional medicine practices and medication development. This includes
the development of anti-inflammatory drugs as an alternative option based on the ability of bioactive
compounds to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines. Kawista (Limonia acidissima L.) has been studied
to contain various phytochemical substances that show many potential bioactivities. Regarding the
utilization of this plant in drug development, this research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant properties
of an aqueous extract obtained from kawista leaves and its cytotoxic effects on RAW 264.7 cells to
provide an overview of the hazardous potential of this plant on human macrophage cells. The
antioxidant activity test was carried out using the DPPH assay method, and the cytotoxicity test was
carried out using the MTT assay. In this research, RAW 264.7 cells were treated with extract at
concentrations of 62,5, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 μg/mL. The result showed the aqueous extract of
kawista leaves demonstrated high free radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 250 μg/mL
(93,65 ± 0,138%), with an IC50 value of 111.31 μg/mL. The extract’s high concentration still maintained
cell viability >70%, so it can be concluded that the aqueous extract of kawista leaves is non-toxic to
RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
Keyword: DPPH, Limonia acidissima, RAW 264.7 macrophage, cytotoxity, antioxidant activity
92
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Metabolite Profiling and Bioprospecting of Acrolejeunea fertilis (Reinw., Blume & Nees) Schiffn.
from Kebun Raya Cibodas, West Java
Nadhifa Tazkia Ramadhani, Windri Handayani, Yasman Yasman and Afiatry Putrika
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Acrolejeunea fertilis (liverwort) is known for having various potential natural products, however its
abundance is very limited, yet their secondary metabolites have not been extensively investigated. The
in vitro culture technique might be a possibility to enhance its biomass. This study aimed to investigate
the metabolite profile of A. fertilis from Kebun Raya Cibodas that grown in situ and in vitro. The
bioactivity including antioxidant, total phenolic and flavonoid content, and antibacterial activity was also
evaluated. The in vitro culture of A. fertilis used ½ MS media with addition of 0,1 mg/L of 2,4-D and 1
mg/L of Kinetin. Methanol and n-hexane were used for extraction. Gas Chromatography-Mass
spectrometry (GC-MS) used for metabolite profiling. The optimum IC50 value resulted from in vivo
n-hexane extract, which is 68,18±2,65 mg/L. The highest yield of total phenolic and flavonoid content
from in situ methanol extract, which resulted 130,68±0,002 µgGAE/gr and 5,97±0,01 µgQE/gr
respectively. Antibacterial activities were evaluated by measuring the zone of inhibition for S. aureus
and E. coli, optimum area measured from in situ n-hexane extract were 23,91±1,54 and 13,08±0,23
cm, respectively. These findings carry important implications for further development of natural
products obtained from liverwort regarding its potential as bioactive compounds.
Keywords: Acrolejeunea fertilis, Antioxidant, Total phenolic content, Total flavonoid content,
Antibacterial assay
93
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Development of Guided Inquiry-Based Worksheets On the Analysis of Secondary Metabolites of
Ethanol Extract Turmeric (Curcuma longa) With the Addition of Kefir
Fitri Yati Sa'Diah and Neneng Windayani
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites can undergo biotransformation or the process of changing a compound into its
derivatives whose structure is different from the original compound due to the metabolic activity of a
microorganism. Secondary metabolites are included in an abstract concept with concrete examples, so
an appropriate worksheet is needed to represent them. The natural material used is turmeric rhizome
which contains many secondary metabolites. The addition of kefir to turmeric extract will affect the
content of secondary metabolites in turmeric extract because kefir contains many probiotics such as
lactic acid bacteria. The research objectives were to describe, analyze the validation and feasibility of
worksheets, and analyze changes in the molecular structure of secondary metabolites of turmeric
extract with the addition of kefir. The method used is Design Based Research. The results of the
validation obtained the value of rcount 0.72 so that the worksheet is categorized as valid. The
worksheet is in accordance with the stages of guided inquiry learning so that it is suitable for use as a
learning medium. Analysis of changes in the molecular structure of the secondary metabolites of
turmeric
extract
with
the
addition
of
kefir,
namely
the
original
compound
6-(3-Hydroxy-4-methylphenyl)-2-methylhept-2-en-4-one which underwent biotransformation into
6-(2-Hydroxy) -4-methylphenyl)-2-methylhept-2-en-4-one.
Keywords: Secondary metabolites, Biotransformation, turmeric extract, guided inquiry-based
worksheets, kefir
94
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Antiangiogenic Activity of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) Stem Extract on Chicken Embryo’s
Chorioallantois Membrane (CAM)
Zhafira Mafaz, Afra Majida Hariono and Luthfi Nurhidayat
[email protected]
Abstract
Inhibition of angiogenesis is able to suppress cancer growth by starving the cancer cells. It has been
reported that the growth of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma can be inhibited by administering
pineapple’s (Ananas comosus) extract. However, antiangiogenic activity of this extract has not been
studied yet. This study aimed to investigate antiangiogenic activity of pineapple’s stem extract on
chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of chicken embryo.
Pineapple stems were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted method using ethanol 96%. The chemical
compositions were determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the protein concentration was
analysed by the biuret method. In-ovo antiangiogenics assay was performed on CAM induced by basic
fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The extract at concentrations of 0.6%, 0.9% and 1.2% were
administered from day 9 to day 14 of egg incubation. We counted the number of CAM vasculatures
using stereo macroscope and examined the embryonic blood smears-stained May-Grunwald to
investigate the extract-induced inflammation.
The vasculatures were significantly reduced by all concentrations of the extract. The angiogenesis
inhibition might be contributed by saponin and protein content in the extract. At a concentration of
1.2%, the extract did not induce inflammation in chicken embryos. In conclusion, pineapple stems
extract shows antiangiogenics activity on CAM.
Keywords: Ananas comosus, Antiangiogenesis activity,Chorioallantoic membrane
95
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Growth of Catfish Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758) under Different Rearing Methods and
Feed Types
Darren Nicholas Rahmanto, Adinda A.D Pratiwi, Rr. Rahil A.A Rahman, Nurhayati Nurhayati and
Laksmindra Fitria
[email protected]
Abstract
Inadequate protein intake results in stunting and wasting in children as well as causes health problems
at all ages. Proteins from fish excel in promoting kids growth and family health. Consuming catfish has
potential to improve family nutrition for its affordability, easily raised, with dense contents of proteins
and beneficial fats. This study aimed to compare the growth of catfish raised in concrete pond and
buckets, also to compare catfish fed with probiotic and regular feed. The concrete pond was stocked
with 300 juveniles, whereas 80 juveniles each were placed in 2 buckets. Experiment lasted for 12
weeks. Probiotic feed was given twice a day. After 6 weeks, probiotic feed in one of the buckets was
replaced with regular feed. Body length and weight were assessed once per week with 10-20 %
samples of the population. Data were analyzed statistically with one-way ANOVA and post hoc Duncan
(α=0.05). Catfish raised in buckets can grow similarly to ones grown in concrete pond with suitable
ratio of fish to water volume, and proper care. Probiotic feed increased catfish growth, however, there
was no significant difference after replacing probiotic feed with regular feed.
Keywords: Animal protein, budikdamber, catfish farming, growth performance, probiotic
96
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Cytotoxic Activities and Nitric Oxide Inhibition of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed
Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides
Pinki Anggrahini Puspitasari, Visi Endah Pratitis and Nastiti Wijayanti
[email protected]
Abstract
Neoagaro-oligosaccharides (NAOs) are the result of enzymatic hydrolysis of agarose using β-agarases
enzymes. NAOs has several health benefits related to their degree polymerizations (DPs). Agarose
that hydrolysed with β-agarase enzymes for long period time can produce NAOs with lower DPs.
Previous studies have only analysed NAOs with maximum hydrolysis time 3 hours. This study aimed to
compare the antioxidant activity, cytotoxicity effect, and Nitric Oxide (NO) inhibition of NAOs hydrolysed
by agarase enzyme for 3 hours (NAOs 3h) and 24 hours (NAOs 24h). Antioxidant activity was
measured using DPPH assay. Cytotoxicity test was conducted with MTT assay using RAW 264.7 cells
and IC50 values determined using probit analysis. Measurement of NO levels was carried out on
lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells in various concentration of NAOs, then the medium
was collected for NO level using Griess Assay. DPPH assay result shows NAOs 24h has better
antioxidant activity than NAOs 3h. Meanwhile, both NAOs 3h and NAOs 24h has IC50 values around
49.90 – 106.64 µg/mL and classified as medium toxicity. Griess assay results shows NO level in
LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells decreased after treated with NAOs 3h and NAOs 24h. In summary,
NAOs has potential to inhibit NO production.
Keywords: Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides, Antioxidant, Cytotoxicity, Nitric Oxide, RAW 264.7 cell
97
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
BIOSYSTEMATICS, ECOLOGY, AND
EVOLUTION
98
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Vegetation Analysis of the Spring Water Surroundings at the Wanagama
Rehabilitated Forest
Ambar Kusumandari, Hero Marhaento and Hatma Suryatmojo
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Water is a basic need for all living things on earth. The existence of water on Earth
cannot be separated from the hydrological cycle. The presence of vegetation has an
impact on the water absorption process and protects the soil surface from the kinetic
energy of rainwater. Vegetation measurements were carried out on plots measuring 8
m x 60 m. The measuring plot is made perpendicular to the contour direction or in the
direction of the slope. Data processed with Ms. Excel continued with SExI-FS
software. Vegetation data was collected to create a profile diagram with horizontal
and vertical projections as well as calculate the relative dominancy (DR), relative
frequency (FR), and relative density (KR) to determine the important index (INP)
value. The research results showed that the percentage of canopy cover varied from
33.13% in Tuk Umbul, followed by Sendang Tahunan and Sendang Ayu at 46.87%
and 42.08%, then Sendang Mojo (74.17%) and the best is at the Salak Spring area
(87.71%). The highest important index values are at teak (Tectona grandis), followed
by Jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba), and Beringin (Ficus sp.).
Keywords: canopy, dominancy, frequency, density, important
99
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Population trend of Lesser Adjutant (Leptoptilos javanicus) in Muar, Johor
using eBird data
Nor Atiqah Norazlimi, Nur Athirah Fauzi and Kaviarasu Munian
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
The Lesser Adjutant (Leptoptilos javanicus) is a globally vulnerable stork species that
is sporadically distributed in south and southeast Asia. In Malaysia, even though the
population shows a gradual decline, the species population status in 2004-2006 is
considered stable. However, the recent population status of the species is yet to be
documented and is in question. Hence, we used data from the citizen science project,
eBird to assess the population trend of Lesser Adjutants over 20 years in two
selected sites in Muar, Johor. The population of Lesser Adjutants in Pantai Leka
reduced over time while the population in Sungai Balang paddy field was likewise.
The paddy field might become an alternate choice for the species due to
developments and disturbances along the Pantai Leka shore. Most of the coastal
mangrove forests in Muar have been degraded caused by the expansion of coconut
and oil palm plantations; these remaining two valuable habitats need to be conserved.
We discussed the population trends of Lesser Adjutant in two study sites and
recommendations to conserve the species and its habitats.
100
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Diversity of Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) in Panti Forest Reserve,
Johor, Malaysia
Aqilah Awg Abdul Rahman, Maryati Mohamed and Jai Kemalok
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Panti Forest Reserve is located in East Johor of Peninsular Malaysia. Dipterocarps is
a huge part of this lowland tropical rainforest with large expenses of agricultural land
surrounding the area. Butterflies were collected manually using aerial nets and baited
traps. Based on the studies of 207 specimens collected between March to October
2018, we provide a checklist of the butterfly fauna in the forest reserve, which
includes 75 species from five families. Some of the species are new records to Johor
including Melanitis phedima abdullae (Nymphalidae), and Parantica agleoides
agleoides (Nymphalidae). The most abundant species were Iambrix stellifer
(Hesperiidae) and Lexias pardalis dirteana (Nymphalidae) with ten individuals
recorded each. Thirty-seven species were represented by singletons, which
accounted for 49.3% of the whole sample. Some of these singleton species include
Dichorragia nesimachus deiokes (Nymphalidae). Quantitative data on species
diversity are reported including an analysis of the structure of butterfly assemblages.
A proper knowledge on the species composition and distribution of butterflies will
allow for appropriate conservation measures to be taken, especially in Malaysia
where expansion of agricultural plantation is a threat to biodiversity.
Keyword: butterfly, diversity, Johor, Malaysia, Panti Forest Reserve
101
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Land-use Alterations and Their Impact on Stream Macroinvertebrate
Communities in Ayer Hitam North Peat Swamp Forest Reserve, Malaysia
Noraini Ruslan, Ong Swee Chen and Jannatulhawa Jasni
[email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
The Ayer Hitam North Peat Swamp Forest Reserve (AHNFR) is a vital
biodiversity hub, especially for aquatic species. However, research on its stream
macroinvertebrate communities amid changing land uses remains sparse. In this
study, macroinvertebrates from three land-use types in AHNFR—pristine forest,
forest-to-oil palm conversions, and transitional zones—were examined using kick
sampling. We cataloged 631 macroinvertebrates from 24 families. Chironomidae was
predominant (44.4%). Converted regions showed the most family richness (6.4) and
diversity (1.551), whereas transitional zones had the highest mean abundance (49.4).
Pristine forests, while not the most diverse, exclusively hosted families like
Palaemonidae and Leptophlebiidae. The Jaccard index indicated a 0.50 species
overlap between pristine and converted forests and 0.46 between pristine and
transitional zones. Notably, observed variations in AHNFR's macroinvertebrate
communities across different land uses weren't statistically significant. Our findings
emphasize the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptive measures to mitigate
potential biodiversity alterations.
Keyword: Ayer Hitam North Peat Swamp Forest Reserve (AHNFR), Oil palm
conversions, Stream macroinvertebrate communities, Land-use transitions, Pristine
forest, Peat swamp biodiversity
102
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Diversity of Zingiber Mill. (Zingiberaceae) in Peninsular Malaysia Including
Taxonomic Notes of Potentially New Taxon
Aimi Syazana Sedek, Salasiah Mohamad and Sam Yen Yen
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Zingiber, a notable genus within the Zingiberaceae, has a widespread
distribution throughout Southeast Asia. It encompasses a total of at least 141 species
on a global scale, with 25 native species specifically in Peninsular Malaysia. Of these
known taxa, at least seven are categorised as threatened and five are endemic, while
the rest remain unassessed in terms of their conservation status. This article provides
a comprehensive checklist, taxonomic insights, and a key to all native Zingiber in
Peninsular Malaysia. During the current fieldwork, the discovery of several peculiar
Zingiber plants from the northern part area holds the potential to contribute additional
records within this genus. A newly proposed taxon stands apart due to its distinctive
traits, such as its inflorescence shape, apex, labellum structure, and the appearance
of its leafy shoot. At an initial glance, this species bears a resemblance to Z.
belumense and Z. purpureum in terms of their inflorescence coloration, displaying
shades ranging from brownish-maroon to dark purple, coupled with green bracts.
However, it varies in its inflorescence shape, which is ovoid with a pointed tip; its
bracts, which are densely pubescent and have a pink margin; and its rhomboid
labellum, which ranges from obtuse to bifid.
Keyword: Jahe, Ginger, Plant systematics, Tropical
103
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Evaluating the Effects of Wildlife Utilization on Conservation Efforts in
Southeast Asian Countries
Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah Abdullah-Fauzi, Nursyuhada Othman, Hidayah Haris, Nur
Hartini Sariyati, Farah Farhana Ramli, Suliadi Firdaus Sufahani and Muhammad Abu
Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
The Southeast Asian region is globally renowned for its unparalleled
biodiversity, rich ecosystems, and unique cultural heritage. However, the delicate
equilibrium between human societies and the diverse array of flora and fauna faces
increasing challenges due to the region's rich biodiversity and escalating utilization of
wildlife resources. Thus, this paper presents the complex interplay between wildlife
utilization and conservation efforts in four designated Southeast Asian countries:
Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and Vietnam. The primary objectives of this research
encompass assessing the patterns and drivers of wildlife utilization, analyzing its
ecological and socioeconomic consequences, evaluating existing conservation
measures, and suggesting recommendations for sustainable wildlife management.
We employed a prominent academic databases, specifically Google Scholar and
SCOPUS, to explore into the dynamics of wildlife utilization and its associated
implications. From the findings, approximately 100 identified research papers was
found. These sources collectively reveal varying degrees of wildlife exploitation
across the selected countries, driven by cultural practices, economic incentives, and
inadequate regulations and policies. The ecological consequences include habitat
degradation, population decline, and disrupted ecosystems. Conclusively, this
research underscores the critical need for integrated approaches that balance human
needs and conservation imperatives to ensure a sustainable future for Southeast
Asian wildlife biodiversity.
Keyword: Wildlife, Utilization, Southeast Asia
104
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
The Role of Citizen Scientist in the Emerging Scientific World: Supporting
CEPA and Green Economy Through Advancements in Wildlife Conservation
Mohd Lokman Ilham-Norhakim, Nursyuhada Othman, Hidayah Haris, Nur Hartini
Sariyati, Farah Farhana Ramli, Nurfatiha Akmal Fawwazah Abdullah-Fauzi,
Kaviarasu Munian, Suliadi Firdaus Sufahani and Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected]
Abstract
Recently, citizen scientists have gained recognition because of their dynamic
approach in engaging the public with the collaboration with professional scientists in
scientific actions. The role of citizen scientist as an important force contributing to the
United Nation Committee of Experts on Public Administration (CEPA) initiatives and
the promotion of the UNEP Green Economy. Thus, the objectives of the study are to
advance the field of citizen scientist in addressing the challenges of working in wildlife
conservation research as well as to address the way forward for fellow citizen
scientists. Through diverse case studies and examples, this article highlights the
contributions of citizen scientists in conserving and monitoring wildlife populations,
identifying habitat degradation, and tracking environmental changes. In conclusion,
this article underscores the transformative potential of citizen scientists in supporting
CEPA objectives and advancing the Green Economy agenda. By enhancing public
participation, knowledge dissemination, and environmental awareness, citizen
scientists emerge as a powerful tool in addressing the challenges of wildlife
conservation in an ever-evolving scientific world. As the synergy between citizen
scientists and professional researchers grows, opportunities for a more holistic and
effective approach to environmental management are magnified, offering a promising
pathway towards a more sustainable future.
Keyword: Citizen Scientist, CEPA, Green Economy
105
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
MARINE MACROALGAE SPECIES DIVERSITY BASED ON SUBSTRATE CHARACTERISTICS OF
INTERTIDAL ZONE IN SOUTHERN COAST GUNUNGKIDUL, SPECIAL REGION OF
YOGYAKARTA
Annisa N. Fitrihastuti and Abdul R. Chasani
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae grow on various types of substrates. Gunungkidul is a regency in the Special
Region of Yogyakarta which has at least 60 coastlines with various types of substrates. This study aims
to determine the diversity, composition, and important marine macroalgae species on the beaches of
Gunungkidul based on type of substrate. Data was collected during the rainy season from January to
February 2023 at Krakal Ayu, Ngrumput, and Sarangan Beaches in Gunungkidul. Macroalgae
sampling was done by purposive sampling method using squared plots. Identification was done at
Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Faculty of Biology, UGM. The structure and species composition were
compared using Sorensen Similarity Index. The results showed that beaches with a mixed substrate of
sand and rock as well as the beach with a rocky/coral substrate have moderate level of marine
macroalgae species diversity. The beach with rocky/coral substrate type has a low level of marine
macroalgae species similarity compared to the one from sand and rock mixed substrate beaches.
Beaches with a mixed substrate of sand and rock have Ulva lactuca and Enteromorpha compressa as
the important species, while the beach with rocky/coral substrate has Ceramium virgatum as the
important species.
Keywords: Gunungkidul Beach, Seaweed, Substrate, trait and feature, important species
106
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Conservation of tropical wild orchids as eduecotourism in the framework of
biodiversity resilience: Study Batur village Cangkringan, Yogyakarta
Latifa Nuraini
[email protected]
Abstract
Conservation issues in various studies are always directed at protecting biodiversity
in the form of natural resources, especially plants that are endangered. However,
conservation has not yet touched on the educational aspect for every citizen to gain
knowledge and understanding about sustainable conservation. The establishment of
a knowledge system in education and society is something that is urgent to study in
more depth as an effort to conserve plants in order to strengthen biodiversity
resilience. Purpose study was to explain and analysed what and how to explore
tropical wild orchids as edu-ecotourism in biodiversity resilience in Indonesia. This
research method uses a qualitative approach by conducting field studies, interviews,
and observations in conservation and cultural villages in Batur village, Yogyakarta.
Data analysis uses a phenomenological approach and interpretation. The results of
this study indicate that biodiversity resilience can be formed from the role and function
of citizens to have a collective awareness in exploring, caring for and preserving
endangered orchids. The community has a strategic role in transferring knowledge
through community education for ecotourism and sustainable conservation of tropical
wild orchids. Local knowledge and indigenous knowledge systems on conservation
are an important part of developing ethno-conservation in Indonesia.
Keyword: tropical wild
biodiversity, education
orchid, eduecotourism, ethnoconservation, resilience
107
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Cladogram Construction Based on Morphological Characteristics of
Mosquitoes
Anis Nurwidayati, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti, Hari Purwanto,
Triwibowo Ambar Garjito and Yuyun Srikandi
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected]
Abstract
Background: The mosquito identification process is very important regarding
their role as vectors in many arthropod-borne diseases. The mosquito's morphological
characteristics are very complex, so expertise and skills are needed. The constraint in
the identification process is the unavailability of adequate human resources. This
article presents an effort to identify mosquitoes more easily based on the specific
characteristics of each taxon. Objective: The aim of making a cladogram is to make it
easier to identify mosquitoes in family, genus, and species taxa, especially in the
genus Anopheles. Methods: Cladograms were constructed based on morphological
characters on wings and their pale scale pattern, scutellum, proboscis, and palpi.
Results: The study revealed that based on morphological characters, three
cladograms were constructed based on the number of wings, number of pale scales
four or more, and less than four. Conclusion: The specific morphological characters in
mosquitos can be used to construct the cladogram for easier identification
Keywords: Anopheles, Cellia, Cladogram Construction, Diptera, Mosquitoes
108
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Cryptic Diversity of Barred Mudskippers, Periophthalmus argentilineatus
(Valenciennes, 1837), from the Southern Coast of Java and East Lombok,
Indonesia inferred by COI Mitochondrial Gene
Katon Waskito Aji, Tuty Arisuryanti, Happy Herawati, Indah Paramita Sari, Febrina
Amaliya Rha'Ifa, Diana Febrianti and Dwi Sendi Priyono
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
Barred Mudskipper (P. argentilineatus) is an amphibious fish species belonging to the
family Oxudercidae. Previous studies have indicated the existence of cryptic species
of the barred mudskipper, leading to difficulties in taxonomic identification due to
similarities in morphological characteristics. Therefore, we aimed to generate DNA
barcodes for the barred mudskipper populations found in Indonesia by collecting ten
specimens from Clungup Beach and Kondang Bandung Beach, Indonesia.
Additionally, we included 25 previously collected COI sequences from Indonesia in
the analysis. The result showed the presence of three genetically distinct clades (A,
B, and C) within the P. argentilineatus population in Indonesia, with a deep genetic
divergence of 2.41% to 6.12%. Clade A showed a high genetic divergence of
5.51-6.12%, suggesting the presence of a cryptic species consistent with previous
studies. The high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity observed in each
clade suggest a population bottleneck followed by a rapid expansion. The lack of
geographical separation in the haplotype network analysis indicates that gene flow
between populations may have been facilitated by glaciation events. These findings
contribute to a better understanding of the biodiversity of the barred mudskipper
species in Indonesia and will aid in the accurate identification of cryptic species.
Keywords: Barred mudskipper, cryptic species, COI
109
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Study of Macroscopic Fungus Diversity and Distribution Patterns in the
Galunggung Mountain Area
Vita Meylani, Santi Tifani Hidayat and Diana Hernawati
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected]
Abstract
Macroscopic fungi is the main components of degrading organisms that play an
important role and become indicators in dynamic forest community. This study aimed
to identify species diversity and determine the distribution pattern of macroscopic
fungi in the Galunggung Mountain Area. Descriptive quantitative approach used that
was exploratory with survey and data collection using VES (Visual Encounter Survey)
with a plot of 1 m × 1 m. The observation stations consisted of Station 1 (Panoongan
Cipanas Waterfall), Station 2 (Cikahuripan Pine Forest), and Station 3 (Batu Blek
waterfall) each station carried out of 300 m exploration. Ecological index calculations
include diversity index, uniformity index, dominance index, and morbidity index. The
results showed 40 species of macroscopic fungi consisting of 2 divisions, 4 classes, 9
orders, 19 families, and 29 genera, totaling 1088 macroscopic fungi. The average
value of the diversity index is 2.26, which includes medium category; the average
value of the uniformity index is 0.8, which includes high category, the average value
of the dominance index is 0.14, which includes low category; and the average value
of the morbidity index is two is included in clustering category.
Keywords: climate change, classification, diversity, potential of mushroom
110
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Biodiversity of freshwater fish in Pangalengan District, Bandung, West Java
Daniel Frikli Mokodongan, Gema Wahyudewantoro, Nurjirana Nurjirana, Himmah
Rustiami, Ina Erlinawati, Taufik Mahendra, Rena Tri Hernawati and Ira Mayangsari
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
Java Island has about 132 species of freshwater fish compared to the other major
islands in the Sundaland region, such as Sumatra, which has about 589 species. The
purpose of this study is to reveal and identify the diversity of freshwater fish around
Pulosari Village, Pangalengan District. Exploration activities were conducted in river
and lake habitats of Pangalengan District, Bandung Regency, West Java. Specimens
were been collected by local fishermen and ourselves using three fishing gears: nets,
fishing rods, and fish scrappers. Immediately after collecting, fish were documented
using a digital camera to obtain their original color. In this study, total 11 freshwater
fish species belonging to 10 families were found. Some species are recognized as
introduced fish
Keywords: Biodiversity, Freshwater fish, Cileunca
111
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Cryptic diversity of the mudskipper genus Boleophthalmus (Gobiiformes:
Oxudercidae) from the north coast of East Java, Indonesia
Faizah Nur Shabrina, Kunto Wibowo and Tuty Arisuryanti
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
The mudskipper of the genus Boleophthalmus is commonly found in the Indo-Pacific
area and consists of cryptic species. This study aimed to examine the diversity of the
genus Boleophthalmus from East Java's North Coast Beach, Indonesia, applying the
mitochondrial COI gene for DNA barcoding and morphological characters. A total of
ten individuals of the genus Boleophthalmus were analyzed. According to the
percentage of similarity using BLAST and BOLD identification engines, all samples
were verified as Boleophthalmus boddarti. Conversely, phylogenetic analysis
revealed three samples identified as B. boddarti, and seven samples concluded as
Boleophthalmus pectinirostris complex. These results were supported by the genetic
distance of 8.93–13.81%, and morphological characters were evidenced by Principal
Component Analysis (PCA), which exhibited the separation of the species that
primarily distinguished by the number of Lateral Line Scales (LR), Length of dorsal fin
base 2 (DF2 BL), and Caudal fin length (CFL). Further detailed studies are needed to
clarify whether the seven samples that belong to the Boleophthalmus pectinirostris
complex should be categorized as a new species or a new sub-species.
Keywords: COI, DNA barcoding, morphology, mudskipper
112
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
INVESTIGATION OF Rhynchophorus spp. (COLEOPTERA: DRYOPHTHORIDAE)
INFESTATION ON OIL PALM PLANTATION IN KERINCIKANAN, SIAK, RIAU
Hanindyo Adi, Sudaryatno Sudaryatno, Sukirno Sukirno and Suwarno Hadisusanto
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
The Palm weevil Rhynchophorus spp. has been observed to be a potential pest in
palm oil plantations. Rhynchophorus spp. has been reported to have attacked oil
palm plantations in the Kalimantan and Papua regions but reports regarding attacks
by Rhynchophorus spp. in Sumatra have not been updated. Riau is the largest
province that has oil palm plantations and is also a producer of crude palm oil (CPO).
This research aims to investigate Rhynchophorus spp. at oil palms in Siak, Riau. The
research was conducted in the Perkebunan Rakyat area, Kerincikanan District, Siak
(12,862.28 hectares). The research method used survey methods to observe and
determine symptoms and pheromone traps to capture and determine the species of
Rhynchophorus spp. The results showed that indications of oil palms being infested
with Rhynchophorus spp. have characteristics, likely the collapsing crown, the stem
has injury or fungal infections, the apical leaves are still standing and green, and
some of the leaves are still green and some dry chocolate. The survey results
showed that two oil palms were positively infested by Rhynchophorus spp., and eight
oil palms had indications of symptoms. Based morphological characters showed that
Rhynchophorus spp. which roled as the pest was Rhynchophorus vulneratus.
Keywords: Oil palm, investigation, symptoms, Rhynchophorus spp
113
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Investigating snake venom variation to mitigate snakebite envenoming in
Indonesia
Syahfitri Anita, Kelvin Octavianus, Herjuno Ari Nugroho, Bambang Kiranadi, Reinhard
Pinontoan and Amir Hamidy
[email protected]
Abstract
Snakebite envenoming is one of the neglected tropical diseases and is still rarely
studied in Indonesia. The high diversity of venomous snakes in Indonesia is one of
the challenges. To overcome this, we consider that snake venomic research guided
by phylogenetic relationships can serve valuable information that may contribute to
snakebite mitigation. Here, we briefly introduce our recent findings on the venom
composition and variation across four Indonesian Trimeresurus. This adds more
information on venom variation among Trimeresurus species within the close
geographic origin, which is congruent with their phylogenetic relationships. The
preliminary study to detect intraspecific variation between the venom of males and
females of T. puniceus is also presented. There is an addition of protein with a
molecular weight of 13 kDa in the venom of male T. puniceus, while a protein with a
molecular weight of 16 kDa is only detected in female venom. We summarise recent
studies showing different factors that can affect venom variation between and within
snake species. Finally, we discuss the importance of transdisciplinary research to
understand snake venom variation and suggest future directions, particularly from a
herpetological view, to mitigate human-snake conflict in Indonesia.
Keywords: human-snake conflict, herpetology, interspecific variation, intraspecific
variation, snake venom composition
114
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Morphology, Meristic, and Morphometry Variations in Javan Spitting Cobra Naja sputatrix (Boie,
1827) and Equatorial Spitting Cobra Naja sumatrana (Müller, 1890)
Maula Dafa, Donan Yudha and Adian Sulistio
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Cobras are venomous snakes from the Elapidae Family widespread in Asia and Africa, including
Indonesia. There are two species of cobras in Indonesia, the one being is Javan spitting cobra (Naja
sputatrix, Boie 1827) and the other is Sumatran spitting cobra (Naja sumatrana, Müller 1890). In
Indonesia, N. sputatrix distribution are in Java, Bali, and Nusa Tenggara, meanwhile N. sumatrana
spread across Sumatra and Kalimantan. Wide distribution means that there are also wide variations in
morphology, meristics, and morphometry. This study uses 16 samples (N. sputatrix = 8, N. sumatrana
= 8) which were analyzed visually, meristically, and morphometrically. Visual observation focused on
coloration and hood morph. Meristic observation uses head scalation, dorsal, ventral, and caudal.
Morphometry observation measures SVL, TL, and HL. According to visual observation, there are
variations in entire body coloration and absence or presence of bands, also there are variations in
hood coloration pattern either in front or in the back. Hood shape variation comes in hood length,
proportion, and hood symmetry which varies among individuals.
Keywords: Cobra, Morphology, Meristic. Morphometry
115
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KARAKTERISASI TALUS MAKROALGA CHLOROPHYTA, RHODOPHYTA, DAN PHAEOPHYTA
YANG DITUMBUHKAN PADA MEDIA CONWAY
Abdul Razaq Chasani and Aqselli Herya Farradilla
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Budidaya rumput laut konvensional umumnya mengalami beberapa kendala seperti mudah terserang
hama dan penyakit, persediaan benih berkualitas yang terbatas, dan waktu budidaya yang tergantung
musim. Teknik kultur jaringan dapat menjadi alternatif dalam budidaya rumput laut karena mampu
meminimalkan kemungkinan serangan penyakit dan mempersingkat waktu budidaya. Jenis media
kultur yang digunakan merupakan salah satu faktor utama dalam kultur jaringan. Pada penelitian ini
digunakan media conway sebagai media kultur untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh media conway
tersebut terhadap laju pertumbuhan, panjang dan jumlah talus makroalga Ulva reticulata
(Chlorophyta), Sargassum polycystum (Phaeophyta), dan Gracilaria verrucosa (Rhodophyta). Karakter
talus hasil kultur jaringan dianalisis secara deskriptif. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan data kuantitatif dan
kualitatif dari karakter talus tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan rumus
laju pertumbuhan harian untuk menganalisis perubahan panjang talus seiring dengan perubahan
waktu dan rumus laju generasi untuk menganalisis persentase jumlah talus yang dapat berkembang
biak dengan baik dengan penggunaan media conway. Berdasarkan penelitian tersebut diperoleh hasil
bahwa kultur jaringan dengan menggunakan media Conway berhasil dilakukan pada makroalga
dengan talus berbentuk silinder seperti Gracilaria verrucosa dan Sargassum polycystum. Selain itu
diperlukan intensitas cahaya yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan eksplan agar eksplan dapat tumbuh dan
berkembang dengan maksimal serta menghindari terjadinya klorosis.
Keywords: identifikasi, in vitro, karakter taksonomi, kultur talus, laju generasi.
116
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Birds in the mangrove as a tourist attraction in the Batu Lumbang mangrove ecotourism area,
Pemogan Denpasar Bali
I Ketut Ginantra, Aa. Ngurah Bagus Abimanyu and Stephanie Regina
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The aim of this research is to identify and interpret the diversity of mangrove flora and birds in the Batu
Lumbang mangrove ecotourism area. Analysis of mangrove vegetation was carried out at four research
stations using the square method and observations of bird abundance using the point count method. The
research results showed that 9 true mangrove species and 9 associated mangrove species were found. The
diversity index of mangrove flora is 2.55, including the medium category. Found 30 species of birds belonging
to 20 families. Several bird species are quite common and easy to find in this area, including the Little Pied
Cormorant (Microcarbo melanoleucos), cave swiftlet (Collocalia linchi), greater egret (Egretta alba), small blue
kingfisher (Alcedo coerulescens), and great billed heron (Ardea sumatrana). The bird diversity index is 3.28,
which is in the high category. This shows that the condition of the mangroves in Batu Lumbang is in the stable
category. Information on the existence and interpretation of the characteristics of mangrove species and birds,
the conservation status of species, and habitat use by birds are an attraction in ecotourism. The mangrove
and bird handbook is an important guide for guides or managers of ecotourism.
Keywords: Biosystematics, Ecology, and Evolution
117
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Ectomycorrhizal fungi inoculation on Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis obovata in peatland
ecosystems
Helbert, Sarah Asih Faulina, Bastoni, Purwanto Budi Santosa, Laras Murni Rahayu, Najmulah, Sugeng
Santosa, Asep Hidayat and Maman Turjaman
[email protected]
Abstract
The majority of tropical forest plants form associations with Ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF). These symbiotic
fungi play important roles in promoting the survivability of their host, improving their productivity, and
increasing microbial biodiversity in the underground. In order to promote the survivability and the growth of
two peatlands tree species (Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis obovata) on Central Kalimantan and South
Sumatra, their seedlings were inoculated with EMF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of
EMF inoculation by identifying the EMF that colonized the root tips of Shorea balangeran and Tristaniopsis
obovata using a molecular approach after 3 years of planting. The results shows that seven molecular
operational taxonomic units (MOTU) were successfully identified out of twelve EMF root tips. All of these
MOTU identified as Thelephoraceae family, which is a cosmopolitan fungus in Southeast Asia forests.
However, none of the inoculated EMF were detected in the root tips, indicating the occurrence of natural
succession process, where native EMF in the field replacing inoculated EMF in the nursery.
Keywords: Ectomycorrhizal fungi, Peat land, Restoration
118
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Scouping Review of the Bats and their ecosystem Services in Indonesia
Tatag Bagus Putra Prakarsa, Kartika Ratna Pertiwi and Rizka Apriani Putr
[email protected]
Abstract
Bats have an important role in the ecosystem as seed spreaders, pollinators, insect controllers, and nutrient
recyclers. However, so far there has been no comprehensive review evaluating the role of bats across
biogeography in Indonesia. We reviewed bat-related literature published over the past two decades, with a
total of 67 relevant literatures. Of the total literature, only 12 discuss ecosystem services from bats. The rest is
limited to bat diversity. The twelve publications consisted of 4 publications on the potential for pest insect
control, 5 related to plant seed dispersal, and 3 discussed bat behavior. Our scoping review used a
combination of the terms Bat diversity, bat role, pest control, seed scatter, bat insectivore, frigivorous bat, and
bat foraging behavior. Basis data menggunakan SCOPUS dan Google Scholar. Our review summarizes the
importance of conserving bat populations and the ecological services they provide. However, in general, the
studies carried out are still not carried out in a multi-disciplinary comprehensive manner. In fact, its potential is
very good to be developed as a model of multidisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches in environmental
studies, to achieve the goals of Sustainable Development land ecosystem.
Keywords: Bat, Chiroptera, ecosystem services, pest control, Pollination, seed dispersal
119
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Antioxidant Activity of Phenol Compounds as A Source of Taxonomic Evidence of Macroalgae
Chaetomorpha crassa, Acanthophora muscoides, and Padina australis from Krakal Beach, Yogyakarta
Aprilia C. Rani and Abdul R. Chasani
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Marine macroalgae are macroscopic algae that contain bioactive compounds. Marine macroalgae contain
phenolic compounds which function as antioxidants by stopping free radicals from reacting with molecules in
the body. This research was conducted to determine the presence of phenolic compounds in the marine
macroalgae Chaetomorpha crassa, Acanthophora muscoides, and Padina australis, test the antioxidant
activity of the three species studied, and determine these characteristics as a source of taxonomic evidence.
Marine macroalgae sampling was carried out using the purposive random sampling method at Krakal Beach,
Yogyakarta. Samples were identified, extracted and tested for antioxidant activity using the DPPH
(1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) method at the FALITMA Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, UGM. Morphological
and biochemical data were then analyzed numerical taxonomically using MVSP 3.1A as a source of
taxonomic evidence. The results of the analysis show that morphological and biochemical characters can be
used as taxonomic evidence that groups three species of marine macroalgae into two clusters with a similarity
coefficient of 0.179.The strongest antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds was found in the species
Acanthophora muscoides.
Keywords: Characterization, free radicals, Gunungkidul, Macroalgae, taxonomy
120
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Effects of Male and Female Body Size on Mating performance of The Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia
illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)
Ucu Julita, Lulu Lusianti Fitri and Agus Dana Permana
[email protected]
Abstract
The Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is a significant non-pest insect that has gained a lot of interest, particularly
because of its potential to transform organic wastes into prepupal biomass as a renewable resource with
great economic value. In many insect species, body size is also the main determinant of mating success. The
purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of mating partner body size on successful mating and
reproduction in BSF. A total of 20 pairs of adult male and female BSF of the same age (<24 hours) were
paired based on a combination of body size treatments (large, medium, small). The observation parameters
for this research include mating frequency, oviposition frequency, number of eggs, egg weight, and egg
viability. Sexual selection based on differences in body size of mating partners significantly influences mating
and reproductive success in BSF. The combination of a mating pair consisting of a large male and a large
female had the highest frequency of mating (35.3 ± 4.64) and oviposition (28 ± 2.04). When males were
matched with large females, mating tended to occur more frequently than when males were paired with
medium or small females.
Keywords: black soldier fly, body size, mating success, reproductive potential
121
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Species Diversity of Usnea (Parmeliacea) in Forest Area of Cikole, Mount Putri, West Java
Miftahul Jannah, Ratna Susandarini, L.Hartanto Nugroho and Rina Sri Kasiamdari
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Usnea is the largest genus in the Parmeliaceae family, with the diversity in Indonesia reaching 30 species.
Despite its high diversity, studies on Usnea taxonomy in Indonesia is still limited, with the latest publication
was in 2021. Usnea can grow in a relatively wide range of habitats on the altitude of more than 1,000 m asl.
The forests of Cikole area with its cool climate condition provides suitable habitat for Usnea. The aim of this
study is to reveal the species diversity of Usnea in the Cikole area which is a mixed forest on the slopes of
Mount Putri. This study was carried out using the exploration method from an altitude of 1,300 to 1,600 m asl.
Species identification using 22 morphological characters, 5 anatomical characters and chemical analysis with
spot tests showed that there are twelve Usnea species from two subgenera, namely subgenus Usnea (8
species) and subgenus Eumitria (4 species). U. perplectata showed uniqueness in terms of its altitudinal
distribution (only found at ≥ 1550 asl). This study is the first to report Usnea diversity in the forests area of the
Cikole, and thus has important contribution in updating the data on Usnea species diversity in Indonesia.
Keywords: lichen, Morphology, Taxonomy, Usnea
122
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Determination of Mosquito Diversity Using 3D Digital Microscope in Cibinong District, Bogor Regency
Syaiful Rizal, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu Krishanti and Fathia Ramadhani
[email protected]
Abstract
Bogor Regency is a suburban area with hilly topography and very wet tropical climate. In addition, there are
still lot of bushes and the location is crossed by river basin. This is an ideal condition as habitat for
mosquitoes which are the top killer animal in the world. There are still limited information about mosquito
diversity in Cibinong District, Bogor Regency. The aim of this study is to determine mosquito diversity in
Cibinong District, Bogor Regency. In this study, mosquitoes were collected using human landing catch and
sweep nets. Then identification were performed using 3D digital microscope as a tool. The results of this
study showed that two mosquito genus were found, namely Aedes and Culex. As a conclusion, this study
provides important insights into the ecology dan diversity of each collected mosquito.
Keywords: Bogor, Diversity, Mosquito
123
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
An Assessment of Urban Forest Landscape Services for Green Space Management Improvement in
Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia
Chairunnia Afrianti, Novita M. Widiarti, Indria Z. Akbar, Eurico P. Rachmanto, Muhammad F. Hanif, Rahmat A.
Amin, Kaswanto, Harityas Wiyoga and Amarizni Mosyaftiani
[email protected]@[email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
In Bandung metropolitan area, urban forests (UFs) play a crucial role in providing landscape services,
especially within the Babakan Siliwangi Urban Forest (BSUF). The BSUF is currently facing multiple
development challenges, necessitating scientific evidence to elucidate its role in Bandung's urban landscape.
This research analyzes the BSUF’s function in carbon storage, carbon sequestration, and oxygen production
and to formulate management recommendations to provide optimal future benefits. Data collection was
carried out in 14 sample plots and i-Tree Eco was used to analyze landscape services and predict future
vegetation structure based on planned plantings. The findings reveal that (1) BSUF has a high tree diversity,
with a 3.3 Shannon index and 41 tree species identified ; (2) it stores 381 tons of carbon, sequesters 25.17
tons of carbon annually, and produces 65.07 tons of oxygen per year; (3) to enhance landscape services
value for the next 30 years, a minimum 300 trees must be planted per year. These results demonstrate the
BSUF’s significance and the importance of tree diversity in sustaining landscape services provided by UF.
Additionally, this research introduces i-Tree Eco as a valuable tool for conducting vegetation analysis, aiding
stakeholders in monitoring and formulating improved landscape management strategies.
Keywords: Babakan Siliwangi, Carbon, Landscape Services, i-Tree Eco, Urban Forest
124
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New Distribution of the Hourglass Toad (Leptophryne borbonica) in Bromo Tengger Semeru National
Park: Habitat Assessment and Potential Food Preferences
Berry Fakhry Hanifa, Muhamad Aslam Fadhilah, Muhammad Asmuni Hasyim, Sandra Rafika Devi and Luhur
Septiadi
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract
The Hourglass Toad (Leptophryne borbonica) is an amphibian species known for its sensitivity to
environmental changes, primarily residing in pristine in primary forest. Within the expansive Bromo Tengger
Semeru National Park, which boasts vast tracts of undisturbed primary forests, new occurrences of
Leptophryne borbonica have been identified. However, comprehensive data and information regarding this
species remain incomplete. This research provides insights into the habitat assessment and potential food
preferences of Leptophryne borbonica within Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park. The present study was
conducted from February to March 2022, employing a quantitative descriptive approach. The methodology
involved the examination of morphology and meristics in L. borbonica specimens, for assessment habitat we
documentation of physical environmental factors and vegetation inventory, for potential food preferences we
calculate of an arthropod ecological index. The findings revealed a new distribution of L. borbonica in the
Block Ireng-Ireng Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Lumajang Regency. Habitat assessment and
potential food preferences indicated stable values. Despite its protected status within the conservation
environment of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, continued vigilance is essential due to the species’
heightened sensitivity to environmental fluctuations and vulnerability to volcanic threats.
Keywords: Leptophryne borbonica, Habitat assessment, Food preferences
125
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First report on orchid diversity in Kurulu District, Papua
Izu Andry Fijridiyanto, Aninda Retno Wibowo, Annisa Satyanti, Trisno Utomo, Mahmudin Mahmudin, Eko
Susanto, Farid Kuswantoro and Richa Kusuma Wati
[email protected]
Abstract
Papua has been known for highly diverse orchids. However, with vast development in the area and global
warming, many orchids face increasing extinction risks. Even with the high diversity of orchids, Papua is
underexplored by scientists. Kurulu District is one Jayawijaya Regency district located one hour drive from
Wamena City. No report has yet been found for orchid diversity in this area. This study aims to explore and
record the orchid species diversity in the Kurulu District using a purposive sampling method. A total of 15
species belonging to 11 genera of orchids have been identified from this area. We found a new record
occurrence for Dendrobium chrodiforme Kraenzl., previously only recorded from Papua New Guinea part of
New Guinea. This result shows the importance of extensive fieldwork in Papua to collect more orchid records
that will be beneficial for further study and conservation of orchids of Papua.
Keywords: Orchid, Papua, Conservation
126
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Time Series Ecological Coastal Resilience in Ende City, Indonesia
Maria Theresia Firmina Baru and Selfitriani Kulla
[email protected]
Abstract
Ende City is coastal area that is one of major cities in East Nusa Tenggara province. There are risks that
threaten the city and coastal areas originating from natural disasters and human activitie. It is necessary to
assess and monitor coastal resilience of this city since abrupt change of city landscape has impact on
ecosystem resilience. Therefore, the aims of this research is to measure and analyze ecological coastal
resilience from 2016 to 2020. Coastal resilience can be assessed from ecosystem-ecology approach so that
sustainability of coastal community can be strengthening. Landscape parameter of typology was used to
measure ecological resilience in coastal ecosystem of Ende City. One of widely used approach to measure
ecological resilience is applying a variety of different indicators or metrics of resilience. Parameter of
resilience is scored and classified for each typology in coastal area of Ende City. Research method included
in depth interview and focus group discussions. One of method to determine coastal resilience classification is
from resilience index. Based on result, coastal resilience is mostly moderat class in Ende City. The lowest
class of resilience index is in volcanic coast typologi. It is mostly because the density of vegetation is low.
Keywords: Coastal resiliensi, Typology, Ecology approach
127
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Morphological Variation of Gemmae in Marchantia spp. (Marchantiophyta: Marchantiaceae) in Central
Java
Bima Kurniawan and Rina Sri Kasiamdari
[email protected]
Abstract
Gemmae is a multicellular structure produced within gemma cups, that are well-known characters in
Marchantia L. (Marchantiaceae). Morphologically, gemma are discoid structure with two lateral notches and
trace of stalk, mean to be vegetative propagation strategy of the genus. Currently, variability of gemmae
morphology is introduced as a new taxonomic trait in the characterization of Marchantia. To build up more
understanding on the significance of gemmae morphological variation as a taxonomic trait, we examined
gemmae of three tropical and two cosmopolite species of Marchantia found in Central Part of Java and
provide comparative morphological description. A number of gemmae characters were useful in species
identification, such as size, shape, margin, and presence or absence of mucilage hairs. Gemmae shape of M.
polymorpha and M. paleacea were nearly circular, different with that of M. emarginata subsp. emarginata and
M. treubii that were ellipsoidal to obovate. Protruding structure in marginal cell as mammilla was observed
and distinguished between the species. Variation in gemmae morphology in tropical species of Marchantia,
such as M. geminata, M. treubii, and M. emarginata subsp. emarginata has not been published before. The
result of this research could be a helpful guide to identify Marchantia in tropical region.
Keywords: Marchantia, Gemmae, Morphology, Java
128
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Coral health assessment of two Marine National Parks (Takabonerate and Wakatobi) in Southern
Sulawesi
Rizkie Satriya Utama, Tri Aryono Hadi and Adiguna Rahmat Nugraha
[email protected]
Abstract
Coral reef ecosystems carry out a wide range of vital ecosystem functions and sustain the livelihoods of
coastal communities through fisheries, coastal protection, and tourism. However, the coral condition has
declined recently due to climate changes and anthropogenic activities. This study was undertaken in May
2019 to assess reef health status in 12 and 15 stations in Takabonerate and Wakatobi Marine National Park
based on the three components: live coral cover, resilience component (macroalgae and rubble cover), and
fish biomass. The highest coral cover was 45.53% (Wanci), with an average cover of 24.6% and 29.48% in
Takabonerate and Wakatobi. The average biomass of reef fish in Wakatobi was higher in Wakatobi (1.26
kg/ha) than in Takabonerate (0.70 kg/ha). For the resilience score, the average cover of macroalgae and
rubble was 0.11% and 6.35% in Takabonerate and 1.64% and 0.51% in Wakatobi. Based on the coral,
resilience, and biomass fish score, the Coral Health Index scored 5 (fair) and 9 (good) for Takabonerate and
Wakatobi. The data suggested that reefs in both locations could recover from disturbance. However, the low
biomass of targeted fish in the Takabonerate shows high fishing activities, which might lead to a direct/indirect
impact on coral health.
Keywords: coral, Resilience, fish biomass, health index
129
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Biology of Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) as The Base of Knowledge for Enclosure
Modification in Kampung Satwa
Rajendra Regaputra and Zuliyati Rohmah
[email protected]
Abstract
This project was intended to modify to the enclosure common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) and was
carried out at Kampung Satwa in August 2022. The enclosure modification was conducted to create a more
suitable environment for the turtle to live in. The first step taken was learning its biology, in order to better
understand what modification needs to be conducted to make it as similar as its natural habitat. C. serpentina
is a species of snapping turtle that live in freshwater area. The habitat of this turtle are freshwater habitats
with abundance of plantation as well as small animals such as fishes and frogs. Therefore, the existing
enclosure in Kampung Satwa need to be altered to make it resemble its natural habitat. The enclosure set-up
and modification required equipment such as shovel, hose, and bathtub, while also utilized materials such as
water, soil, rocks and plants. This project was initiated with literature review regarding C. serpentina,
continued with tools and materials preparation as well as enclosure area mapping. Next, the animal was
transferred temporarily, hence modifications were able to be conducted. Following the modifications, the
enclosure was cleaned and the animal was transferred back to the brand new, modified enclosure.
Keywords: Chelydra serpentina, Enclosure, Kampung Satwa, Modification, Set-Up
130
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Assessing Avian Diversity and Community for Evaluating Rehabilitation Succession in Alas Purwo
National Park, Banyuwangi region, East Java
Achmad Arifin, Luchman Hakim, Jati Batoro, Agus Nurrofik, Rafi'Jauhar Khalil, Faidl Riyadl Cahyo
Muhammad and Nia Kurniawan
[email protected]
Abstract
Besides playing an important role in controlling the ecosystem’s food web, avian diversity also
served as a crucial indicator in evaluating rehabilitation succession in several sites of Kucur Resort,
Alas Purwo National Park (AP-NP), Banyuwangi Region. This is a remnant area that possibly
serves avian habitat which is poorly studied for baseline data. This research focused on diversity
surveys, determining and comparing the avian community structure, and assessing the correlation
created by important species on each site. The survey was carried out in July-Agust 2023 in the
four sites inside the rehabilitation zone on Kucur Resort, AP-NP. The avian data was identified
based on morphological character, categorized based on three types of conservation status and
assessing the community structure, habitat similarity and correlation between important species has
been analyzed using PAST 4.11 application. In total, thirty-one species have been recorded from
the total four sites where the seven species are considered as important species. The comparison
assessment of the avian communities shows the urgency to control and take care for rehabilitation
plants which possibly enhance avian diversity. Thus, the correlation of those important species also
reveal the crucial role in supporting the rehabilitation progress on each block naturally.
Keywords: Avian Diversity, Rehabilitation Succession, Alas Purwo National Park
131
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An Ethno-Agricultural Study of Cultivated Endemic Palm Pinanga javana Blume in Pronojiwo,
Lumajang District, Indonesia
Novita Kusuma Wardani, Dian Siswanto, Joko Ridho Witono and Luchman Hakim
[email protected]
Abstract
A preliminary study was undertaken to investigate the ethno-agricultural practices concerning to the endemic
palm species, Pinanga javana, as developed by the local communities located in the village of Pronojiwo,
Lumajang regency, East Java, Indonesia. This study evaluates the demographic structure and potential for
endemic palm cultivation. In the research region, a comprehensive survey was conducted that included a total
of 45 households. The survey concerned gathering information regarding the diameter, height, and growth
stage of palm individuals. Population of P. javana was found in two distinct locations, namely Supit and Ranu
Lingga Rekisi. The estimated population size of P. javana is 722 individuals (309 seedlings, 309 juveniles, and
104 adults). Palms cultivated in various location, such as home gardens, roadsides and backyards. The
community primarily utilizes these palms for the purpose of providing alternative food sources and as an
ornamental plant during its developmental phase as a supplementary benefit. This practice is expected to be
a conservation step in the reintroduction strategy in natural habitats with information related to the success of
P. javana cultivation in ex-situ habitats.
Keywords: Ethno-agriculture, Pinanga javana, Pronojiwo
132
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Characterization of microplastic-associated bacteria from Kenanga pond in Universitas Indonesia
campus, Depok, West Java, using culture-dependent method
Fitria Ningsih and Risky Ayu Kristanti
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) pollution has been known to have ecological implications in aquatic ecosystems, including
marine and freshwater environments. Microplastic-associated bacterial communities in aquatic environments
and their roles for microplastics degradation have been previously reported. However, the research regarding
the bacterial-associated MP from the Kenanga pond has never been conducted. The aim of this research was
to isolate and characterize bacterial-associated MP from Kenanga pond. The water samples were collected in
inlet, midlet, and outlet part of pond then filtered using the plankton net. The water samples were re-filtered
with cellulose-based membrane to separate MP from water pond. The collected MPs were then placed on
nutrient agar (NA) medium, incubated at 30°C for 1-3 weeks. The morphological and biochemical
characteristics, in addition to the ability of selected bacterial isolates to degrade polyethylene (PE)
microplastics were examined. In total, 14 bacterial isolates were successfully obtained from the MP samples.
All isolates grew well on NA medium at temperatures of 25-35°C. Most isolates were Gram-negative, rod cell
shape, with various morphological and biochemical characteristics. The results of PE degradation tests
showed the crack’s formation on PE granule by SEM observation. These results indicated that the selected
isolates had potential for PE degradation.
Keywords: bacteria, microplastics, biodegradation
133
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Preliminary Study on Ecology, Harvest and Trade of Dalbergia Parviflora in Central Kalimantan
Indonesia
Tika Atikah, Bayu Pratama and Ettie Tattiana
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Dalbergia Parviflora, locally known as Akar Laka, are harvested for commercial purposes such as medicine,
incense, joss stick, and craft. D. parviflora is a thorny liana that usually grows along the riverbank or moist
soils with stems reaching up to 30 m long. Indonesia has been exporting this species since the 90s but since
listed in Appendix II CITES in 2017, the trade of the species has been restricted by a quota. This quota must
be based on scientific information such as population, distribution, harvest, and trade system. This study aims
to provide data on the ecology, harvest, and trade. Most of the species traded were collected from dead
woods. Population of dead woods was varied, between 4-12.5 kg/4m2 while the standing stock was 17
individual/400m2. The hunters collected wood from the riverbanks, and it is sold to middleman, collectors and
exported. This species is traded in various diameters ranging from less than 3 cm to more than 4 cm with
price between Rp. 7000 to Rp 20.000 per kg from hunters to collectors. An estimated 1300 Indonesian in
three districts are involved in the trade. This trade provides opportunities for rural communities to improve
their wellbeing and livelihood resilience.
Keywords: Appendix II CITES, Dalbergia Parviflora, livelihood, Kalimantan
134
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Diversity and Biostratigraphy of Nannofossil of Kebo Butak Formation from Kalinampu – Jarum Area,
Bayat, Central Java
Akmaluddin
[email protected]
Abstract
Nannofossil are a group of microfossils with a size of 0.25 to 30 µm, they are the major components of
oceanic phytoplankton and are unicellular marine algae and autotropic organisms. The research location is
part of Kebo Butak Formation, where the outcrop is well-exposed in Kalinampu, Jarum Village, Bayat –
Central Java. The thickness of Kebo Butak Formation was measured using a Jacob stick method, yielding a
thickness of 20 meters. Nannofossil preparation was carried out of 18 samples using the gravity settling
method and observed under a light microscope with 1000x magnification. Nannofossil analysis of this area
revealed 15 species and 7 genera. Biostratigraphic analysis showed that the Kebo Butak Formation in
Kalinampu section can be divided into Spheonolithus predistentus Zone (NP24), Sphenolithus ciperoensis
Zone (NP25), and Discoaster druggii Zone (NN1). These results confirm that the Kebo Butak Formation age
was deposited during the Late Oligocene/NP24 (26,93Ma) to Early Miocene/NN1 (23,38Ma) in a marine
environment.
Keywords: Nannofossil, Biostratigraphy, Kebo Butak Formation, Oligocene
135
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Diversity and Benefits of Asteraceae in Kapopo Ngatabaru Great Forest Park
Saprin S. Haruna, Mustafid Rasyiid and Moh. Iqbal
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the diversity, origin, and benefit of the Asteraceae family in Kapopo Ngatabaru
Great Forest Park, Central Sulawesi. The study was conducted in June 2023. The study used exploration
method. The results of this study found there are five species of Asteraceae in Kapopo Ngatabaru Great
Forest Park: Chromolaena odorata, Porophyllum ruderale, Eleutheranthera ruderalis, Synedrella nodiflora,
and Tridax procumbens. These five species are introduced species that have benefits as herbal medicine and
pesticide.
Keywords: Asteraceae, Diversity, Benefits
136
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Planktonic Foraminifera Biostratigraphy of The Pliocene Kintom and Bongka Formatiaon in the
Southern Part of East Arm Sulawesi
Moch. Indra Novian, Didit Barianto, Salahuddin Husein and Sugeng Surjono
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Pliocene molasse sediments of Banggai Foreland Basin in the southern part of the eastern arm of Sulawesi
are composed of the Kintom and Bongka Formations. The Kintom Formation composed of calcareous
siltstone intercalations with carbonate sandstone at the base. In the upper part the calcareous sandstone
becomes increasingly dominant until it finally changes to gravelly sandstone. Bongka Formation was
deposited overlies the Kintom Formation consist of gravelly sandstone - conglomerate. In the Matindok
section, stratigraphic measurements and identification of planktonic foraminifera were carried out in these
formations. The foraminifera content in the Kintom Formation is abundant and decreases in the Bongka
Formation. The abundance of plangtonic foraminifera and variations in the lithology of the Kintom Formation
indicate a deeper marine environment with low depositional energy, making it a favorable place for deposited
foraminifera. On the other hand, the scarcity of plangtonic foraminifera and lithology type of the Bongka
Formation indicate a shallower, transitional, high energy environment making it difficult for foraminifera to be
deposited. Based on the identification of plangtonic foraminifera content, six foraminifera zones were
obtained. From old to young the foraminifera zones are the Globorotalia tumida, Globorotalia exilis,
Menardella miocenica, Globorotalia crassaformis-margaritae, Globorotalia plesiotumida and Globorotalia
miocenica zones.
Keywords: Foraminifera, zonation, Pliocene, molasse
137
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Morphological Characteristics The Pitchers of Nepenthes gymnamphora in Pasir Cadas Panjang
Mountain Ciwidey West Java
Muhammad Rizky Juliansyah Putra Susilo and Tina Safaria Nilawati
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Nepenthes spp.is still scarce, and further research is needed. Based on the results of surveys in Mount Pasir
Cadas Panjang Ciwidey, West Java, the type of N.gymnamphora was found. This study was conducted to
characterize morphological differences in N.gymnamphora species. The survey method was used in this
study with a purposive sampling method which is the pitcher were taken from a total of 6 spots of
N.gymnamphora in Mount Pasir Cadas Panjang that had been surveyed, based on the size and pitcher types,
namely upper type and lower type. The results showed that the shape of the lower and the upper pitchers had
differences, namely in the upper type, the bottom part was enlarged like a jug, then narrowed towards the top,
then enlarged again to the peristome. In the lower type, the diameter of the bottom part is enlarged to the
peristome. The parts of the pitchers in either the both of types have general similarities, the only difference
being in the wings. Upper type have unhaired and unembossed wings, while lower type have embossed and
haired wings. Colors found iclude green, pattern, reddish.
Keywords: Nepenthes gymnamphora, characteristic, upper and lower type, pitcher
138
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Bioerosion in the Priabonian Discocyclina javana in Bayat Area, Indonesia: Implications for
Paleoecology
Diana Rahmawati, Sugeng Sapto Surjono, Didit Hadi Barianto and Wartono Rahadjo
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected]
Abstract
This work is about the bioerosion found in individual carbonate tests of the larger benthic foraminifera of the
Priabonian, Discocyclina javana (Verbeek), from the Gamping beds, Wungkal-Gamping Formation, Bayat,
Indonesia. Bioerosion is shown by a group of six different ichnospecies of trace fossils from four different
ichnogenera. Oichnus simplex and Oichnus paraboloides are ichnogenus Oichnus diagnostic drilling holes
that are often found on the surface. Simple U-shaped borings of Caulostrepsis taeniola and Caulostrepsis isp.
are also present. The reported drilling holes are attributed essentially to the predation of gastropods, and the
other recognized trace fossil records are assigned mainly to the boring activity of worms. Well-preserved
individual tests with no bioerosion appearance are rarely found in Discocyclina javana. The taphonomic
features of the bioeroded and encrusted Discocyclina javana can be used as good paleoecological indicators
of a deposition under a low to fair rate of sedimentation. Though the Priabonian outcrop has been fully
eroded, this result helps explain the palaeoecological data of the Gamping beds in Desa Gamping.
Keywords: Bioerosion, Priabonian, Larger foraminifera, Discocyclina javana
139
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Preliminary assessment of intraspecific variation of Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. from North
Sumatera based on morphological characters
Bernadheta Rumondang Saragih and Ratna Susandarini
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC. is a shrub belonging to the Rutaceae family commonly found in North
Sumatra Province with distinctive characteristic of prickly stems and aromatic fruits. This species is used by
local people as traditional medicine and a spice for Batak cuisine. This species is known by locals with
various names in different regions in North Sumatra based on morphological differences that indicate the
existence of intraspecific variations. This study aims to assess and identify intraspecies variations of Z.
acanthopodium through morphological characterization of wild populations from the Districts of North
Tapanuli, Simalungun, and Samosir. Collection of plant materials was carried out using exploration method. A
total of 11 populations was obtained and observed for morphological characters. The results showed that
there were three variants found, namely simanuk, sihorbo, and one variant from Samosir Island which had
never been reported in previous studies. Distinctive morphological variations were found in the color of stem,
the presence of trichomes on leaves and rachis wings, and character of fruit surface. The results of this study
serve as a basis for further study on chemotaxonomic analysis to determine the taxonomic status and to
reveal potential use of Z. acanthopodium for ethnobotanical and pharmacological prospects.
Keywords: characterization, morphology, population variation, taxonomy
140
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
An Ecological Study of Whip Spiders (Arachnida: Amblypygi) in a Threatened Tropical Limestone
Cave of Klapanunggal Karst, West Java
Isma Dwi Kurniawan, Ratih Khaira Widia, Rahmat Taufiq Mustahiq Akbar, Ida Kinasih, Omar Calva and
Cahyo Rahmadi
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Whip spiders (Order: Amblypygi) are an essential top predator in cave ecosystems, which maintains cave
ecosystem stability through top-down control. Ecological aspects of cave-dwelling whip spiders still need to be
studied. Cikarae is a threatened cave in the Klapanunggal karst area, where whip spiders inhabit. This study
aimed to report an ecological characteristic of whip spiders in Cikarae, containing their diversity, population,
distribution, microhabitat preference, and behavior. Data were collected through hand collecting and direct
observation, with five replicates conducted by three observers. The cave was divided into three zones (Zone
1, 2, and 3) based on visual environmental disparities. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal
Wallis, and principal component analysis (PCA). Two species of whip spiders occurred in Cikarae, namely
Catageus dammermani and Sarax javensis, with a total population of about 26 individuals. Zone 2 hosted
significantly more individuals than the rest of the zones. Both species preferred walls over ceilings and floors.
Whip spiders tended to choose more humid sites with abundant cave crickets, and avoid higher temperatures.
Observed individuals were more active during the night than in the daytime. This study confirmed that the
species maintained a circadian rhythm in cave habitats.
Keywords: behavior, diversity, distribution, karst cave, microhabitat, population, top predator
141
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Potential of Flowering Plants as Food Source for Insect Pollinators in Organic Farming of Beji, Central
Java
Ida Kinasih, Ramadhani Eka Putra and Rahmat Agung Munggaran
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Pollinating insects provide ecosystem services in agriculture through pollination, which benefits human life.
The Beji Village area is a rural area that applies an organic farming system where the cultivation area is the
home yard area, which functions as cultivation land. Therefore, there is a need to study and gather
information regarding the potential of food plants for insect pollinators. This research aims to look at the
condition of vegetation, diversity, and abundance of flower-visiting insects and flowering plants, which have
the potential to be a source of food. Diversity observations were carried out using the scan sampling method,
while behavioral observations were carried out using the focal sampling method in several plots. We also
observed the activity of dominant insects that pollinate certain plants. The observation results showed that
ornamental and agricultural plants dominated the vegetation observed. There are 145 types of plants from 54
families with a high category diversity index. There were 58 insect species found from 23 families and six
orders in the increased diversity category. The insects most often visit flowers were Trigona sp., Ameggila sp.,
Nomia strigata and Xylocopa latipes. Most insects are active in the morning and experience peak activity in
the afternoon.
Keywords: Beji Organic Village, diversity, flower-visiting insects, insect pollinator
142
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Diversity of plant species used as vegetables by the people of Cigalontang Village, Tasikmalaya, West
Java, Indonesia
Nenden Nur Sayyidah Kulsum and Ratna Susandarini
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Local people have traditional knowledge about the diversity of plants around them to fulfill their daily needs,
especially food plants. The people of Cigalontang Village who live close to secondary forest and agroforestry
areas commonly use various plant species collected from in these two natural areas as vegetables. This
ethnobotanical study was carried out using two approaches, namely semi-structured interviews with village
residents, and guided field work to document the presence of plants used as vegetables the forest and
agroforestry areas. Interviews were conducted with 63 residents of Cigalontang Village, and the results
showed that there were 55 plant species from 28 families used by the community as vegetables. The
Arecaceae and Asteraceae families contribute the highest number of species as used as vegetables. The
finding in this research is that Arecaceae contributes most to non-leafy vegetables which is rarely found in
other areas. Meanwhile, the Asteraceae family serve as source of leafy vegetables. The results is important
not only in identifying the diversity of food plants, but also documenting traditional knowledge about vegetable
plants that can be obtained from forests or agroforestry areas close to their settlement which in turn provides
support for the food security of the community.
Keywords: ethnobotany, indigenous knowledge, food plants, species diversity
143
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
MACROALGAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE IN INTERTIDAL ZONE OF SARANGAN BEACH,
GUNUNGKIDUL, D. I. YOGYAKARTA
Siti Mudrikah, Laila Widi Utami, Renada Oktavia, Aisha Sayidinar, Arfista Deska Khairunnisa, Arli Siti Nurlaila,
Renisha Windy Puspita Sari, Muhammad Ariq Alfito, Luthfi Azizatul Ulya, Nabilah Amaliah, Mutiara Tri
Wulandari, Alivia Nur Maysaroh, Indira Amani Kurniawan, Alifia Nur Hidayah, Valeria Nawang Riris Lintang
Kaloka, Nurhayati, Rr. Rahil Aufa Astagina Rahman and Abdul Razaq Chasani
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The intertidal zone of Sarangan Beach is characterized by rocky substrates and it has high macroalgae
biodiversity. Macroalgae play a role as primary producers of marine biota ecosystems. Macroalgae can also
act as environmental bioindicators and bioremediation of pollution. This research aims to study the structure
of macroalgae communities in the intertidal zone of Sarangan Beach and the physicochemical factors that
affect them. Data was collected on September 2, 2023, during the maximum low tide condition. The data
collection method used was a systematic sampling method with 60 plots 1x1 m. The physicochemical
parameters measured and observed include water and air temperature, pH, salinity, light intensity, and
substrate type. The results showed that in the intertidal zone of Sarangan Beach, 23 species of macroalgae
were found, consisting of 8 species of Chlorophyta, 2 species of Phaeophyta, and 13 species of Rhodophyta.
The highest abundance was shown by Ulva lactuca, followed by Sargassum crassifolium and Kappaphycus
alvarezii, while the lowest was Gracilaria spinulosa. The structure of the macroalgae community consists of
moderate diversity (H'=1.97), high uniformity (E=0.63), and low dominance (C=0.27). This is influenced by
physicochemical parameters, especially water and air temperature, pH, and substrate condition.
Keywords: Abundance, Distribution pattern, Diversity, Sarangan Beach, Systematic sampling method
144
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Phylogenetics of Gymnodinium catenatum Graham as Infer from the Secondary Structure of Internal
Transcribed Spacers 2 (ITS2)
Ludmilla Untari
[email protected]
Abstract
Internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) is molecular barcode marker for most of organism and has provided
phylogenetic information across species. Moreover, the ITS2 has provided application for distinct biological
species delimitation. The secondary structure model of Gymnodinium catenatum of ITS2 is constructed to
provide improved species delineation of the mircoreticulate-cyst group containing G. catenatum. The
secondary structure was as follow; (1) a six-helices structure with one loop on the sixth helices (the longest
helix), (2) contains pair of purine-purine mismatch (GG and AA), (3) there are common motifs of
pyrimidine-pyrimidine mismatch - UU, GUG and GUUG, (4) a mutation of CBS is identified from the Helix VI
(mismatch of UG).
Keywords : ITS2, CBC, phylogenetics, secondary structure
145
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Molecular Biology and Biotechnology
146
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Polymorphism Analysis of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) Gene Encoding
Growth in F5 Golden Kamper Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Elysia Mutiara Azizah, Budi Setiadi Daryono and Patricia Graciella Audrey Prajaningtyas
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Golden Kamper Chicken is a chicken cross between pelung and layer chickens that have
good productivity of meat and egg. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene is one of the
factors that affects the speed of chicken growth. This research aims to study the character
of F5 Golden Kamper chickens and analyze the IGF-1 gene to determine its effect on
chicken growth. The research will be done by hybridising F4 Golden Kamper hen and
rooster, raising brood stock and DOC, egg collection, growth data collection, blood
collection, DNA isolation, DNA amplification, electrophoresis, and sequencing. Parameters
that will be observed are DOC weight for the first seven weeks and polymorphism of the
IGF-1 gene. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel, Genestudio, MEGA11,
and IBM SPSS 25 software. Sequencing data were processed using the Genestudio
application, alignment with MEGA11, and genotype-haplotype associations using Pearson
correlation and Linear Regression F test. The results showed that the molecular marker
polymorphism of the IGF-1 gene was found at 12 mutation points. IGF-1 gene
polymorphism had no correlation on the weight of F5 Golden Kamper chickens.
Keyword: chicken, growth, IGF-1 gene, weight
147
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Unveiling Porcine Contamination in Halal-uncertified Cosmetics: Detection through
Existing Procedure using DNeasy Mericon Food Kit DNA Extraction and Real-time
qPCR
Intan Sartika Risky Sampurna, Suharti Suharti, Arief Hidayatullah and Nur Faridah
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
The increase in the consumption of cosmetic products in Indonesia has led to the
development of the local cosmetic industry. However, not all cosmetics in circulation have
met the halal standards set by the authorities in Indonesia through the Law on Halal
Product Guarantee,. This study aims to develop a method for detecting the content of pork
products and their derivatives through total DNA isolation using the Qiagen DNeasy
Mericon Food Kit and detecting the NDH5 gene using qPCR in cosmetic cream products
that do not include the halal logo. The results showed that the isolation kit was able to
isolate DNA fragments from cosmetic products at concentrations of 0.6–0.8 ng/µL with
ratios of A260/280 in the range 0.90–1.76 and A260/230 in the range 0.12-0.17. The results
showed that the five cosmetic cream samples showed that the three cosmetic samples did
not show any contamination by pigs and their derivatives, with a cut-off value of 23.7 x 101.
Thus, the isolation method with the Kit and detection with the NDH5 gene using qPCR can
detect the ingredients originating from pigs and their derivatives in cosmetics with cream
types.
Keyword: qPCR, Cosmetic, NDH5, porcine
148
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Characterisation of Streptococcus Agalactiae as a Potential Aptamer Target in the
Preliminary Stage of Whole-Cell Based 'Systematic Evolution of Ligands by
Exponential Enrichment Procedure
Helmi Wasoh, Pei Qin Tan, Zixuen Gan, Nur Adeela Yasid, Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor, Murni
Halim, Mohd Termizi Yusof, Amalia Mohd Hashim, Jaafar Abdullah and Yanty Noorzianna
Manaf
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected]
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
Streptococcus agalactiae is a pathobiont causes invasive infections for freshwater aquatic
organisms. Developing a reliable method for on-site monitoring of S. agalactiae in
fishponds is essential to replace antibody-based detection. This study investigates S.
agalactiae local strain TP540K as a target bacterium to develop DNA aptamer using the
whole-cell based ‘systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX)’
procedure. The viability of the bacteria was compared between different storage solutions
and temperatures. In this study, S. agalactiae strain TP540K was confirmed to be spherical,
gram-positive, catalase and oxidase-negative with beta-haemolytic characteristics. The
bacteria entered the log phase at 1.5 h of incubation time, thus the cells were collected at 2
h to proceed to the SELEX process. Glycerol stock (20%) at -20°C was the best storage
condition to preserve the bacteria in an intact whole-cell form until Day 84. The presence of
bands indicated the presence of DNA aptamer. The findings herein demonstrate that S.
agalactiae has the potential to be utilised as a target for the production of aptamers, and
subsequent rounds of whole-cell based SELEX can be performed to investigate the binding
affinity and specificity for more accurate detection of S. agalactiae in the aquaculture
industry.
Keyword: Streptococcus agalactiae, aptamers, systematic evolution of ligands by
exponential enrichment, polymerase chain reaction
149
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Morphological Characters and Genes Expression Related to Phosphate Uptake in Oil
Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Sigit Dwi Maryanto, Roberdi Roberdi, Zulfikar Achmad Tanjung, Budi Setiadi Daryono,
Purnomo Purnomo, Tri Rini Nuringtyas, Condro Utomo and Tony Liwang
[email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected] l [email protected] l [email protected] l
[email protected]
Abstract
Phosphate is the macro nutrient in plants including oil palm. Experiments to
determine the gene expression levels using soil as planting media will be less accurate due
to affected by the mineral nutrients contained in the soil. This can be overcome by planting
the plant in a hydroponic system. The aim of the research was to obtained the
morphological characters and candidate genes related to P uptake efficiency in oil palm.
The oil palm seedlings consisted prolific, neutral, and non-prolific progenies with uniform
plant height were selected for transplanted in hydroponic system. The seedlings were
treated with four P levels consisted of 0%, 65%, 100%, and 300% for 6 months. The roots
and leaves tissue were collected in the end of treatment and used for gene expression
measurement. The significant genes from genotyping arrays was selected for gene
expression analysis. The resulted morphology data were stem height, stem diameter,
primary root, ratio root to shoot, root length and secondary root number showed
significantly different among trial dosages. Furthermore, the floral homeotic protein
APETALA 2 (EgAP2) expression was up-regulated in root, while the regulatory protein
viviparous-1 (EgVP1) and ATPase 10 plasma membrane-type (EgAHA10) expression was
up-regulated in leaf.
Keywords: hydroponic, oil palm, phosphate uptake, transcriptome analysis
150
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Assessment of The Effectiveness of DNA Barcode for Identification of Musa x paradisiaca
'Haji'
Rina Kurnianingsih, Retno Mastuti, Aluh Nikmatullah and Estri Laras Arumingtyas
[email protected]
Abstract
One of the local banana plants on Lombok Island, West Nusa Tenggara is Musa x
paradisiaca 'Haji'. Molecular identification of Haji cultivar using DNA barcoding has never
been reported. This study aims to identify and compare ITS2 and matK, which have the
potential as DNA barcodes for Musa x paradisiaca 'Haji'. Samples of Musa x paradisiaca
'Haji' plants were collected in Pesanggrahan Village, East Lombok. DNA extraction using
the CTAB method. Genomic DNA amplification using ITS2 and matK primers. The ITS2 and
matK PCR products were sequenced using the Sanger DNA Sequencing method Using
Capillary Electrophoresis at 1st BASE Apical Scientific Sdn. Bhd., Selangor, Malaysia. Data
were analyzed using BLAST analysis on NCBI and the Barcode of Life Data (BOLD)
System website, as well as phylogenetic tree construction using MEGA11 software. The
results show that Musa x paradisiaca 'Haji' has an identity percentage (% Ident) of 97.73%
with Musa sp Cultivar Bile based on the ITS2 sequence and 83.33% with Musa acuminata
subsp. Zebrina based on the matK sequence. ITS2 can group banana cultivars with similar
genome composition into the same clade. ITS2 can be used as a DNA barcode to identify
Musa x paradisiaca 'Haji'.
Keyword: Musa x paradisiaca ‘Haji’, ITS2, matK
151
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Genes Responsible in The Shape and Size of Solanaceae Fruits
Anisah Suroya Basaroh, Mufidah Afiyanti, Joni Kusnadi and Estri Laras Arumingtyas
[email protected]
Abstract
Fruit shape and size in Solanaceae family plays an important role in the determining the economic
value and agronomic traits of the crop. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the genetic
regulation of some Solanaceae fruit morphology, focusing on the role of CLAVATA1 (CLV1), OVATE
family protein (OFP), SUN family gene (SUN), locule number (LC), and fasciated (FAS) genes. The
aim of this article is to explore previous studies that reveal how the complex interactions between
these genes regulate fruit shape. The SUN and OVATE genes have important roles in regulating
fruit elongation, with the SUN gene affecting longitudinal and transverse cell growth, while
mutations in the OVATE gene change the fruit shape from round to pear. In addition, the FAS and
LC genes contribute to increasing the number of loci in the fruit, while the CLAVATA1 gene controls
fruit size by regulating stem cell activity. This review paper provides a deep insight into the current
understanding of the genes that regulate fruit shape and presents them in the context of current
research. It is hoped that this article will provide a strong foundation for future research to improve
the quality and productivity of tomato plants.
Keyword: Fruit size, Fruit shape, CLAVATA1, OVATE, SUN, LC, FAS
152
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Antibody Detection of Toxoplasma gondii on Blood Donor at PMI Kota Yogyakarta by Rapid
Diagnostic Methods in 2022
Aulia Rahman, Tanti Rahayu, Kumara Rahmawati Zain, Gravinda Widyaswara and Nanda Vatun
Uswatuya
[email protected]
Abstract
Toxoplasmosis is a disease that caused by Toxoplasma gondii parasite. Toxoplasma gondii is a
group of protozoa, and it belongs to intracellular obligate parasites. This parasite mostly found in
animal, and it can be dangerous, on many cases, it can cause death with no symptoms. The
purpose of this study is to find out the percentage of IgG and IgM antibodies examination of
Toxoplasma gondii on blood donor in PMI Kota Yogyakarta. This study belongs to descriptive
observational type, with cross-sectional design to find out the results of antibody detection on
Toxoplasma gondii. The detection was carried out by Rapid Diagnostic Methods that can detect the
presence of IgG and IgM antibodies. This study was also using questionnaires to know the
relationship between the daily behavior's with toxoplasmosis case. The results show that 14
samples were reactive on IgG antibody parameter (76%) and 11 samples were non-reactive (24%).
From the questionnaires known that the daily behavior's such as having a cat, eating
raw/undercooked meat products, eating unwashed fruits and vegetables related to the case of
toxoplasmosis.
Keywords: antibody detection, daily behavior's, toxoplasmosis
153
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Control of Browning In Cyrtostachys renda Plants Tissue Culture
Syamsurizal, Diah T. Utami, Beni H. Prabowo, Aries B. Sasongko, Lizawati and Elisma
[email protected]
Abstract
Browning is one of the most major challenges in plant tissue culture, inhibiting the success of in
vitro plant multiplication, particularly for plants high in phenolic compounds. Multiple approaches
have been undertaken in-vitro to manage the browning problem, including as dipping explants in
antioxidant solutions, including antioxidants into the medium, deep culture dark periods, and
frequent explant subculturing. Among the most common techniques are soaking the explant in an
antioxidant solution such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PvP) or ascorbic acid (AC). The purpose of this
study to investigate the use of PvP and AC to control browning issues in Cyrtostachys renda plants
tissue culture. In this research we used five difference concentration (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250
ppm) PvP and AC. At a concentration of 200-250 ppm, PvP was able to suppress browning of C.
renda root and shoot explants. Meanwhile, at a concentration of 250 ppm, AC inhibited browning of
C. renda root and shoot explants. Based on these results, it would be justified to conclude that PvP
and AC can be used as browning inhibitors in the roots and shoots of C. renda plants that are
enriched in phenolic compounds to be used as explants in plant tissue culture.
Keyword: Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PvP), Ascorbic acid (AC), Red palm, Antioxidant, Murashige and
Skoog (MS)
154
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Optimization of Sterilization Techniques for Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus) Tissue Culture
from Peat Swamp Forests, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Siti Sunariyati, Adi Jaya, Evi Mintowati Kuntorini, Titin Purnaningsih, Rahayu Opi Anggoro, Decenly
Decenly and Yosua Hambit
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus) is a species that grows in wetland (peat swamp forest) and the
timber is considered as commercial species in the national and international market. This species is
endangered due to unbalance between the exploitation and regrowth, thus it’s difficult to obtain the
seeds because the unpredictable season. Micropropagation of ramin through tissue culture is one
of the ways of ramin conservation. The aim of this study is to get suitable method to increase ramin
seeds in the future. The experiment is using 3 varians media, there are ½ MS, ½ MS+BAP 1ppm +
NAA 0,01 ppm, dan ½ MS+BAP 1ppm + IAA 0,01 ppm. Optimatization of sterilization is using ½
MS+BAP 1ppm + NAA 0,01 ppm. The result indicated that conservation of ramin could use tissue
culture method even though the sterilization process is carried out in stages with the most optimal
media is ½ MS+BAP 1ppm + NAA 0,01 ppm.
Keyword: Sterilization Techniques, Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus), Tissue Culture, Peat Swamp
Forests
155
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
MALARIA ANTIGEN SCREENING IN STUDENTS STIKES GUNA BANGSA YOGYAKARTA
ORIGIN EAST NUSA TENGGARA REGION
Kumara Rahmawati Zain, Gravinda Widyaswara, Aulia Rahman, Wiwit Sepvianti, Tanti Rahayu and
Yolanta Wilsa Bahy
[email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]|
[email protected]
Abstract
Malaria is an acute infectious disease caused by protozoa from the genus Plasmodium. The
number of malaria cases per year reaches 300-500 million and causes 1.5 to 2.7 million deaths
worldwide. Malaria is still one of the main infectious diseases especially in the East Nusa Tenggara
area. East Nusa Tenggara is in third place after Papua and West Papua as a province contributing
to malaria morbidity rates. One of the processes of transmitting malaria is through blood
transfusions. The aim of this research is to determine the proportion of malaria incidence among
STIKes Guna Bangsa students who come from the East Nusa Tenggara area. The type of research
used was descriptive observational with a cross sectional design. The total sample was 36 students
with malaria antigen screening using the Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) method and analyzing risk
factors for the incidence of malaria, as well as measuring hemoglobin levels. Generally, malaria
characterized by low hemoglobin levels. Results of this research were that 100% of the samples
were non-reactive to malaria with normal hemoglobin levels, so it could be concluded that there was
no incidence of malaria in the students' blood analysis samples from either the RDT or risk factors.
Keyword: Blood Transfusion, East Nusa Tenggara, Malaria
156
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
CINNAMON SPECIES (CINNAMOMUM TAMALA AND C. OSMOPHLOEUM) VARIATIONS FOR
PHYTOCHEMICALS IN TWO HABITATS OF BALI, INDONESIA
Anak Agung Ketut Darmadi, Fainmarinat Selviani Inabuy, Sang Ketut Sudirga and Yan Ramona
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni Blume) plant leaf extracts contain phytochemicals and have
been used as potential biofungicide against plant pathogenic fungi by inhibiting growth of their
colonies, biomass, and spores, both in vitro and ex vivo. The present study aimed to unveil that
whether the phytochemical variations in cinnamons is due to taxonomical differences, and or
affected by the environmental variations in two different habitats in Bali, Indonesia. Environmental
parameters, like soil water and minerals, temperature, humidity, wind speed, coordinates, and
altitudes, were compared for both habitats. DNA barcode analysis revealed that the two cinnamon
plant types were very likely the same species, namely Cinnamomum tamala and or C.
osmophloeum. Soil and climate analyses indicated contrast conditions between Petang and
Bedugul habitats. The C, N, and K contents were higher in the Bedugul soil than the same in Belok
Sidan soil. In both locations, the soil water contents were also different, and especially the
percentage of dry air (DA) and field capacity (FC). The differences were also observed for the
temperature, humidity, wind speed, coordinates, and altitude between the two locations. This study
provides solid evidence that environmental factors greatly contribute to the phytochemical variations
in a cinnamon species.
Keyword: Cinnamon, DNA barcoding, phytochemical diversity, physical factors, soil, species
identification
157
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The Efficiency of ISSR-SCAR and BAC-SCAR Markers for Chili Peppers’ Pungency
Identification using Multiplex PCR Method
Estri Laras Arumingtyas, Ainun Sayyidah Zakiyah, Dian Siswanto and Joni Kusnadi
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
The level of spiciness is one of the characteristics that is taken into consideration when choosing
the type of chili. The level of spiciness is determined by the amount of capsaicin contained in
chilies. In the plant breeding process, selection is an important stage that determines the success of
establishing superior varieties. Selection using conventional method takes a long time and less of
accurate. So, the use of molecular markers to support the early selection process is currently highly
favored. The aim from this research to develop SCAR markers for pungent and non-pungent
peppers identification using multiplex PCR method. The results of this research will provide a tool
for determining the level of spiciness of chilies at an early stage. Four chili peppers with variation of
pungency level were used in this study. Three pairs of SCAR-ISSR primers, and three pairs of
SCAR-BAC primers were used for amplification process using multiplex PCR method. The results
show that SCAR-ISSR not clearly distinguished chili peppers with high level of pungency and low
pungency. Meanwhile, the SCAR-BAC markers show polymorphic bands on ±900bp for high
pungency chilies and ±250bp for low pungency chilies. Those band can differentiate level of
pungency in the chilies.
Keyword: Chili peppers, Multiplex PCR, Pungency, SCAR markers
158
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Digestibility of Mollases Yeast Fermentation Derivation Meal for Juvenile of Red Tilapia
(Oreochromis niloticus)
Jacob Uktolseja, Frendy Kurniawan and Budhi Prasetyo
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Molasses fermented by Saccharomyces is a biotechnology application of yeast. The derivation of
this fermentation is distillery yeast sludge meal (DYSM), which contains nutrition that can replace
fishmeal (FM). Therefore, this study evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of
nutrients of red tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles with DYSM as an ingredient of feed. Fish
was fed four experimental diets, which contained DYSM and FM respectively of 0 and 30% (D1) as
the positive control, 5 and 15% (D2), 10 and 15% (D3), 15 and 15% (D4); 0 and 15% (D5) as the
negative control, during 90 days. The results show there were increasing trends of ADCs of protein,
lipid, ash, and dry weight as the level of DYSM increased from 5 to 15%. ADCs of the protein of D4
did not significantly differ (P>0.05) from that of D5. ADCs of lipid, carbohydrate, and dry weight of
D4 were not significantly different from D1. ADCs of ash of D4 level were significantly higher
(P<0.05) than all other diets. In conclusion, adding DYSM in red tilapia juvenile feed ingredients
does not hamper the digestibility of nutrients; therefore, standard fish feed ingredients can partially
use DYSM to replace fishmeal.
Keyword: digestibility, distillery yeast sludge meal, red tilapia
159
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The Optimization of DNA Extraction Method for Halal Authentication in Meatballs Employing
Incubation Time Variation
Tri Cahyanto, Ayuni Adawiyah, Anisa Fauziah, Yuni Kulsum, Afriansyah Fadilah and Nurhayati
Nurhayati
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Indonesia's beef industry is facing a severe issue of adulteration, where dishonest food
manufacturers mix pork with raw materials. This issue poses a significant threat to the Muslim
community, who follow dietary laws prohibiting pork consumption in Islam. The prevalence of pork
contamination in processed meat products, particularly meatballs, is a challenge that requires
laboratory testing to detect fraudulent practices. In order to tackle this problem, a study was carried
out from November 2022 to February 2023 at the Genetics and Molecular Laboratory and Halal
Research Laboratory UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The study aimed to find the best method
for extracting pig DNA in meatballs, enabling the detection of pork contamination. Meatball products
from beef and pork were collected using purposive sampling techniques and underwent DNA
extraction with varied incubation times. The extracted DNA was then quantified using a Nanodrop
spectrophotometer. In the conventional extraction method, changing incubation times results in
varied DNA extract purity and concentration. For the conventional method, the 90-minute incubation
time resulted in the best DNA purity and concentration. This method yields a lower concentration
value than the kit method.
Keyword: DNA Extraction, Halal, Incubation, Meatball, Pig DNA
160
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
The Effect of Electric Field-Based Cancer Therapy on the Relative Expression of TNF-α, IL-10
and IFN-γ mRNA on Brain Tissues in Female Rats with and without Breast Tumor
Nabila Syahnadia Syahada, Firman Alamsyah and Rarastoeti Pratiwi
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Electro-capacitive cancer therapy (ECCT) is an emerging non-invasive method in breast cancer
therapy that utilizes alternating current electric field. The previous ECCT study has been focusing
on the effect of ECCT in breast tumor. A continuation study to assess the safety of ECCT in vital
organ such as brain is needed. IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α play major roles in brain inflammation. This
study was conducted to evaluate the relative expression levels of IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the
brain of female rats with or without breast tumor after the exposure to electric field-based cancer
therapy. Female rats divided into four groups which were : non-induction-non therapy (NINT),
induction-non Therapy (INT), non-induction-therapy (NIT), and induction-therapy (IT). Female rats
divided into four groups which were : non-induction-non therapy (NINT), induction-non Therapy
(INT), non-induction-therapy (NIT), and induction-therapy (IT). No significant effect was observed on
the level of the relative expressions of IL-10, IFN-γ and TNF-α in the brain of rats in all treatment
groups (p>0,05). Electric field-based cancer therapy didn’t affect the relative expression of IL- 10,
IFN-γ, and TNF-α in the brain of rats.
Keyword: ECCT, Electric Field, mRNA, TNF-α, Brain
161
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Structural and Functional Biology
162
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Seed Dormancy Breaking and Germination Rate Improvement in Mucuna bracteate seeds using
Mechanical and Fungicide Treatment
Pauliz Budi Hastuti, Wiwin Dyah Ully Parwati, Heri Purwanto, Rudi Nirwantono, Teddy Suparyanto and Bens
Pardamean
[email protected]
Abstract
Mucuna bracteate (Mucuna) is a cover crop for young plants in oil plant plantations. However, the seed’s
germination rate is very low due to hard seed’s outer shell and fungi infestation. Thus, this study was
conducted to determine the effectivity of mechanical treatment combined with 15 min of fungicide Dithane
M-45 treatment to improve the germination rate of Mucuna seed and its seedling growth. The Completely
Randomized Design was applied with two factors: mechanical treatment (untreated, shell cutting, shell
scarification, and seed soaking), and Dithane M-45 (0.00 g/l, 0.05 g/l, 0.10 g/l and 0.15 g/l) in pentaplicate for
each group. The seeds were planted in polybags, and the obtained data was analyzed using ANOVA (α =
0.05) followed by DMRT (α = 0.05). The shell cutting seed followed by a 0.10 g/l of Dithane M-45 treatment
resulted the best germination rate (88.00%), the fastest growth rate (6.40 %), the shorter lag period of seed
germination (4.2 days), and weight improvement of fresh and dry biomass of both stem and root of Mucuna
seedlings. Therefore, the seed’s shell cutting and soaking in fungicide prior to the Mucuna seed plantation
could improve the seed germination and the seedling growth.
Keywords: Dormancy breaking, germination rate, Dithane M-45, Mucuna bracteate
163
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Distribution of silicon in different organ of bamboo (Gigantochloa apus (Schult. & Schult.) Kubz ex
Munro))
Sovia Santi Leksikowati and Diah Rachmawati
[email protected]
Abstract
Bamboo is one of the plants that accumulates large amounts of silicon (Si) and potentially be utilized as a
source of Si. This study aims to analyze the Si content in ash from various bamboo plant organs (leaves,
stems and roots). Bamboo plants were taken from Krajan, Majegan Village, Tulung District, Klaten Regency,
Central Java. The process of making ash uses manual burning with a heating torch, followed by ashing using
a furnace at 600 °C in temperature. Bamboo plant ash was analyzed using the AOAC method and confirmed
by Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (ED XRF), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
instruments and mapping to determine the composition of the oxide and SiO2 content. Analysis using the
AOAC method showed that SiO2 content in bamboo leaf ash (76.88%) is higher than bamboo stem ash
(48.43%) and bamboo root ash (56.28%). The results of ED XRF, SEM analysis and mapping showed that the
main composition of bamboo plant ash is SiO2. SiO2 content of bamboo leaf ash (22.89%; 80.28%) is higher
than bamboo stem ash (12.36%; 39.17%) and bamboo root ash (11.82%; 61.57%), respectively. The higher
Si content in bamboo leaf ash is related to Si deposition in the leaf epidermis.
Keywords: Bamboo, ED XRF, SEM, silicon
164
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Analysis of changes in vessel cells of Meranti and Keruing wood placed outdoors
Andrian Fernandes, Erwin Erwin, Kholik Karyadi and Isna Wardhani
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Wood, as a renewable material, can be used for indoor and outdoor products. Meranti and Bangkirai as
commercial woods, are used outdoors. The wood used outdoors will experience wood cell damage and
discoloration on the surface. The research aims to determine the pattern of damage and discoloration of wood
vessel cells in Meranti and Bangkirai wood due to weather exposure for 5 months in Samarinda. The wood
cell damage was observed microscopically, and changes in wood vessel cells colour were observed using the
CIE lab method on parameters L*, a*, b*, and ΔE. The study’s results showed that after being exposed to the
weather for 2 months, the vessel cells of Meranti and Bangkirai wood began to experience degradation. In
Meranti wood, the vessel cells were completely degraded and left cracks after 4 months, while in Bangkirai
wood, it was 5 months. After being exposed to the weather for 5 months, Meranti wood vessel cells
experienced changes in the parameters ΔL -10.65, Δa -14.68, Δb -12.89, and ΔE 22.25. While Bangkirai, ΔL
-7.01, Δa -12.84, Δb 15.95 and ΔE 21.64
Keywords: Meranti, Keruing, Wood vessel cells, Degradation, Discoloration
165
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Effect of silicon priming on germination and growth of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in drought condition
Dessy Ulfianida and Diah Rachmawati
[email protected]
Drought in some agricultural areas due to global climate change is an obstacle in rice cultivation. ‘IR 64’ is
one of the commonly grown rice cultivars but this cultivar is very susceptible to drought. Seed priming
treatment with silicon is one way to increase rice resistance to drought stress. This study aimed to determine
the effect of seed priming using calcium silicate on germination and growth responses of rice under drought
condition. This study used two types of treatments. Silicon priming concentration and drought stress in a
completely randomized experimental design. The concentration of calcium silicate (0, 1, 2 and 3 mM).
Drought treatment with different field capacity (100%, 80%, 60% and 40%). The observed parameters were
percentage and rate of germination, plant height, number of leaves and tillers, chlorophyll and carotenoid
levels. On the fifth day, the percentage of germination in the control, 1, 2 and 3 mM of silicon priming was
62%, 60%, 90% and 93%, respectively. Along with decreasing field capacity, rice plant growth decreases.
Seed priming with calcium silicate showed a trend of increasing in percentage and rate of germination, plant
height, number of leaves and number of tillers, chlorophyll dan carotenoid levels.
Keywords: drought, growth, rice, silicon
166
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Effect of dosage and time of application of mycorrhizae on the growth and yield of red beans
(Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
Esna Dilli Novianto and Putri Laeshita
[email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Mycorrhizae usage in agriculture has been known to improve nutrient and water intake into the plant.
However, its effect on red bean plants has yet to be known. This research aims to determine the effect of
mycorrhizal dosage and time of application on growth and yield of the red bean plants. This research was
conducted in the Bandongan Research Field, Universitas Tidar. A CRBD method used in this research, with
the first factor was the mycorrhizal dose (0; 5; 10; and 15 g/polybag), while the second factor was the time of
application (H-1; H0; H+1; and H+2 a week). Data were analyzed using ANOVA, and will be tested further
with orthogonal polynomials and DMRT. The result shows that 10-15 g/polybag of mycorrhiza has an effect on
increasing plant height, number of leaves, root volume, pod’s number, pod’s weight, and seed weight.
Furthermore, time of application had an effect on increasing the dry weight of the plant at the H0, H+1, and
H+2. The interaction between the two did not significantly increase all the observed parameters. Overall, the
addition of mycorrhizae can increase the growth and yield of red bean plants.
Keywords: mycorrhizae, red bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L.
167
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Carcass Weight and Proximate Composition of Guinea Pig [Cavia porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758)] Meat as
Alternative Protein Source
Adiva Aphrodita, Diva Nurmalia Sentono and Laksmindra Fitria
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Guinea pig [Cavia porcellus (Linnaeus, 1758)] has been domesticated for centuries in Andean region (South
America) to serve as staple food. Due to its high protein and low fat, guinea pig (GP) meat is ideal to be
promoted as alternative protein source. In addition, GP can be purchased at animal markets for an acceptable
cost. This study was conducted to evaluate GP meat with the parameters consisted of carcass weight and
proximate composition. Results were compared to that of broiler chicken (BC) and local catfish (LC). Meat
selection, carcass weight, evaluation of proximate composition, and data analysis comprised the
methodology. Frozen meats were used to calculate carcass weight. The hind leg (GP), thigh (BC), and tail
section (LC) were selected for proximate evaluation using the Kjeldahl method (protein), the Soxhlet method
(fat), the Oven Drying method (moisture), and the Total Collagen Assay method (collagen). In terms of
carcass weight, GP has the lowest weight, however, it has the finest proximate analysis results. Therefore,
GP meat has the potential to be gained as a high-protein food source at a reasonable cost. As opposed to BC
and LC, there are more portions of GP that can be served as meat consumption.
Keywords: meat quality, animal-based protein, cuy, carcass weight, proximate composition
168
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Comparison of Macroscopic and Microscopic Meat Quality Parameters in Guinea Pig, Broiler Chicken,
and Local Catfish as Protein Source
Diva Nurmalia, Adiva Aphrodita and Laksmindra Fitria
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The amount of animal protein consumed determines an individual's health status. Unfortunately, the
increasing demand for meat has resulted in land shortages and exorbitant prices. In Andean countries, guinea
pigs (GP) have been reared for centuries as an affordable source of animal protein such as broiler chickens
(BC) and local catfish (LC) in Indonesia. This study aimed to compare the quality of GP, BC, and LC meat
based on color and histomorphometric analysis. Samples were taken from the hind leg (GP), thigh (BC), and
tail (LC) of frozen meat. Upon visual observation to compare their color, samples were processed for
histological preparation following routine procedures, fixed in 10% NBF, and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin
and Mallory Acid Fuchsin. The sizes of muscle cells and collagen fibers were calculated. The results showed
that although all three meats were categorized as white meat, GP meat appeared red in color. GP meat had
the largest muscle cell size, indicating high protein content. GP meat also had the most collagen fibers, which
affects the palatability. It can be concluded that GP meat is prospective to be developed as an alternative
protein source. Another advantage is that GP is affordable and requires less land to breed.
Keywords: collagen, cuy, histophotometry, meat color, meat quality, muscle cell size
169
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
Ichthyofauna Diversity In Underground Waters Sanghyang Kenit Cave, Bandung, West Java
Rahmat Taufiq Mustahiq Akbar, Faisal Rauf, Isma Dwi Kurniawan and Adisty Virakawugi Darniwa
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
Cave waters are an important habitat for various kinds of organisms, one of which is fish. Since 2019,
Sanghyang Kenit Cave has been opened as a tourist attraction that has the potential to threaten the existence
of these fish. Therefore, the aim of this research is to inventory the diversity and interrelationships between
physicochemical parameters in this habitat. Fish sampling was carried out using seine net and cast net
methods in the three cave zones. The physical and chemical factors measured included water temperature,
light intensity, DO, pH, salinity, total nitrate and total phosphate. The research results show that the
ichthyofauna species in the underground waters of Sanghyang Kenit Cave consist of 5 families, 3 orders, and
5 species, namely Mystus micracanthus, Clarias teijsmanni, Barbodes schwanenfeldii, Nemacheilus
fasciatus, and Macrognathus maculatus. The results of the diversity index value in the dim zone were 1.39, in
the dark zone 0.6 and in the light zone 0. Environmental parameters such as water temperature, light intensity
and water pH were significantly correlated with the abundance index value, while DO levels, total nitrate and
total phosphate is significantly correlated with the diversity index value.
Keywords: Sanghiyang Kenit Cave, ichthyofauna, diversity
170
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The Effect of Shade Net on Leaf Color and Growth of Syngonium podophyllum Schott.
Saifudin Saifudin, Gita Maharani Rosa Wibowo and Andi Salamah
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The ornamental plant Syngonium podophyllum displays leaf color variations that are divided into three
categories: pink, pink-green combination, and green. Among these variations, the pink color is the most
preferred by the community. It is believed that the intensity of sunlight affects the leaf color variations of S.
podophyllum. A study was conducted to determine the effect of light intensity on the leaf color variations of S.
podophyllum. Plants were grown under cube-shaped shade nets with different densities: 45%, 65%, and 85%.
These three treatment plants were compared to a control plant grown without a shade net. Data were
collected for each plant, including qualitative data such as leaf shape and color variations, and quantitative
data such as plant growth, leaf pigment content, and environmental parameters. The results indicate that
shade nets influence the appearance of leaf colors in S. podophyllum. The 85% shade net density resulted in
the highest number of pink-colored leaves and the fastest growth rate. Meanwhile, the 65% shade net
showed the highest probability of the pink-green combination leaf color. Further research is needed to
determine the internal factors that have the most significant impact on the leaf color changes in S.
podophyllum.
Keywords: color variations, leaves, light intensity, shade net, Syngonium podophyllum
171
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The Effect of Salicylic Acid on Growth and Yield of Oryza sativa L. ‘Sembada Hitam’ under Salt Stress
Hana Widiawati, Sukirno Sukirno, Sri Koerniati, Aziz Purwantoro and Kumala Dewi
[email protected]
Abstract
Salinity is abiotic stressor that affected the plant’s growth and development. Salt stress reduce the growth and
yield of rice. Salicylic acid (SA) is a plant hormone that have role to response instability of environment such
as salinity. The research has aim to evaluate the effect of SA as an ameliorant under salt stress to the growth
and yields of black rice ‘Sembada Hitam’. Four levels of NaCl 0, 50, 100, and 150 mM to induce salt stress
and four levels of SA 0, 0.5, 1, and 2 mM were used. The NaCl concentrations were measured using EC
meter. SA was sprayed in 25, 50, 75, and 90 DAP. This research revealed that salt stress significantly
reduced the plant height, length of flag leaf, number of panicles, fresh weight of a hundred grains, dry weight
of a hundred grains, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, and longer
heading date of the black rice ‘Sembada Hitam’. SA application reduces the negative effects of salt stress.
There is interaction between salt stress and SA in parameters plant height, number of filled grains per panicle,
number of unfilled grains per panicle, and heading date of the rice.
Keywords: Black rice, Salinity, Salicylic acid, Growth, Yields
172
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Growth and Reproduction of Eisenia fetida in Laboratory Sludge Waste and Cow Dung during
Vermicomposting
Risda Arba Ulfa, Tri Cahyanto and Rizka Aulia Putri
[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Abstract
The effect of a mixture of laboratory solid waste and cow dung on the growth and reproduction of the epigeic
earthworm Eisenia fetida was studied under the same laboratory conditions. During the eight-week
vermicomposting period with a media weight of 500 grams for each treatment and 20 worms (5-6 grams/20
heads), a media composition with a 3:1 ratio between laboratory sludge and cow dung showed the most
optimum results for growth and reproduction worm. The resulting average body weight of worms reached
11.74 grams, the number of cocoons was 86.4 in the 3rd week, and the number of after-hatching individuals
was 52.8 in the 7th week. Thus, this formulation allows the conversion of waste sludge into vermicompost
more quickly and efficiently.
Keywords: Biomass, cocoon, Eisenia fetida, laboratory sludge, vermicomposting
173
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System & Synthetic Biology, and Bioengineering
174
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Integrated GIS Database System for Betta Fish Habitat Conservation and
Management: Analysis of Ayer Hitam Utara Environmental Factors
Nazirah Mohamad Abdullah
[email protected]
Abstract
The development of a Geographic Information System (GIS) database system for
Betta fish habitat is an important step towards effective conservation and management of
this species. The GIS database system can provide a comprehensive understanding of the
environmental factors that influence the distribution and abundance of Betta fish and help
to identify areas of critical habitat that require protection. In this paper, researcher describe
the design, implementation, and analysis of the GIS system for the habitat of the Betta fish.
The database system is used to collect information on water quality, land use, and terrain.
The results show that the WQI in locations A, B, and C with values of 92.7, 76.5 and 51.9,
supports the presence of Betta fish with readings of six different parameters that are
appropriate and can be considered to the habitat. Land use data in Muar are used to
provide information about the human activities that occur in and around the fish habitat
areas. The water quality of the land area in Ayer Hitam Utara (AHU) indicates that there is
a significant amount of water flow in the area. The land area of Muar is characterized by a
high level of water quality.
Keyword: Betta Fishs Geographic Information System, Water Qulity Indext
175
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Inducing Fungal Pelletization Using Affordable Microparticle
Jimmy Al Fa'Is, Anisya Chindyastuti and Miftahul Ilmi
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi have long been known as one of the potential microorganisms in various
industries. One of the isolates with great potential is Mucor irregularis that offer substantial potential
to their unique growth characteristics. In submerged cultures, these microorganisms aggregate into
mycelia, enabling high-density cultivation and enhanced productivity. M irregularis have a high lipid
content of 43.46% and a yield of 3.28 g/L. To further boost lipid-rich biomass production,
pelletization is explored to involving the addition of affordable microparticles such as magnesium
cilicate and calcium carbonate. Microparticles have demonstrated the ability to control growth and
enhance biomass in various mold strains. This study investigates the impact of microparticle
addition on M. irregularis biomass production and pellet formation. Preliminary tests reveal that the
addition of magnesium silicate microparticles (0, 1, 2, and 3 g/L) induces pellet formation, with the 2
g/L treatment yielding optimal results. Biomass production peaks at 72 hours of incubation, reaching
3.09 ± 0.43 g/L, while the largest pellet diameter of 1.27 mm occurs at 48 hours of incubation. This
research offers insights into enhancing biomass production and pellet formation in M. irregularis,
holding promise for diverse applications.
Keyword: Mucor irregularis, Talc, Cultivation, Fermentation, Calcium carbonate
176
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POSTER PARTICIPANTS
177
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Bio-nanotechnology and Bio-material
178
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PO57
Unraveling the Floral Preference: Bee Pollen Identification and Characterization of
Tetragonula Laeviceps
Luthfan Zidane Mulyawan, Corina Missy Rachmawarifa and Ignatius Sudaryadi
[email protected]
Abstract
The stingless bee (Tetragonula laeviceps) is capable of yielding products such as honey,
propolis, and bee pollen, which hold promise as potential sources of nutrition or alternatives
in the field of medicine. The physical and chemical attributes of these products are
influenced by intrinsic factors, including dietary sources and bee species, as well as
extraneous variables such as management techniques, seasonal variations, and
environmental parameters. The Campus of the Biology Faculty UGM encompasses a rich
repository of flowering plant species that present a viable resource for the sustenance of
stingless bees. Consequently, this research endeavor seeks to delineate and characterize
the plant species that serve as the sustenance of stingless bees by elucidating the pollen
types discovered within their nest. Pollen specimens were directly procured from the nests
and subjected to be analyzed with light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy
(SEM). At least four distinct varieties of pollen have been identified, originating from
divergent plant species, namely those belonging to the Pinaceae, Fabaceae, Myrtaceae,
and Brassicaceae families. The dietary preferences of stingless bees, as discerned through
the identification of pollen types, exhibit congruence with the plant species in the vicinity of
their nesting sites.
Keyword: Bee Pollen, Scanning Electron Microscope, Tetragonula laeviceps
179
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PO58
Characterization of Elemental Composition in Tetragonula laeviceps Propolis by
X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Corina Missy Rachmawarifa, Luthfan Zidane Mulyawan and Ignatius Sudaryadi
[email protected]
Abstract
Propolis, a natural substance produced by stingless bees (Tetragonula laeviceps), consists
of a blend of resins collected from plant exudates and other botanical sources. Bees utilize
propolis for hive maintenance and protection against predators. Presently, propolis finds
widespread use in various therapeutic formulations, including treatments for upper
respiratory tract infections, burns, acne, herpes, and neurodermatitis. This study employs
X-Ray Fluorescence analysis to investigate the elemental composition of propolis,
specifically from the Tetragonula laeviceps. X-Ray Fluorescence is a reliable analytical
technique that reveals elemental content based on X-ray wavelength and high-energy
X-ray interactions. Our analysis of three propolis samples, in collaboration with the Balai
Konservasi Borobudur, reveals notable percentages of key elements. Calcium (Ca)
constitutes 77.12% in sample 1 (FB 1), 26.42% in sample 2 (KP 1), and 18.82% in sample
3 (KP 2). Potassium (K) is present at 11.59% (FB 1), 14.04% (KP 1), and 28.32% (KP 2).
Sample 1 (FB 1) also contains 5.18% sulfur trioxide (SO3), while sample 2 (KP 1) exhibits
31.73% iron (Fe), and sample 3 (KP 2) includes 24.35% phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5).
These findings underscore the diversity of elemental composition in propolis and
emphasize the prominence of calcium and potassium within this natural product.
Keyword: Propolis, Tetragonula laeviceps, X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy
180
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PO61
The Nutritional Value of Sago Dregs as Animal Feed Ingredients
After Pretreatment and Fermentation
Ratu Safitri, Abun Hasbuna Padmadijaya, Titi Lahanda Susanti and Rusdi Hasan
Universitas Padjadjaran
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
The fundamental issue in the development of ruminant livestock in Indonesia is the difficulty
in fulfilling long-term feed availability in terms of both quality and quantity. One solution to
this problem is to use agricultural waste as alternative feed. Sago dregs are one of the
wastes that could be used as a feed ingredient. Sago pulp is a lignocellulose-rich waste
with 36.85% cellulose, 2.42% protein, lignin 9,3% and a high crude fiber content of 27.35%.
This study intends to increase the nutritional content of sago dregs as an animal feed
ingredient by pretreatment and fermentation. After desizing, steaming, and adding
ecoenzyme, sago pulp waste is fermented by L. acidophilus, B. subtilis, and the fungus A.
oryzae. Fermentationincreases fiber digestibility, increases amounts of essential amino
acids, and decreases lignin. According to the findings, pretreatment desizing, steaming,
and adding eco-enzyme can reduce lignin levels by 79% while increasing production sugar
levels. Furthermore, fermentation with L acidophilus can increase the nutritional content of
sago dregs by boosting protein, carbs, TDN, and essential amino acids while decreasing
crude fiber, NDF, and ADF levels. The best dry matter and organic matter digestibility was
found fermented sago dregs can replace 20% of concentrate consumption.
Keywords: Fermentation, Nutritional Value, Pretreatment, Sago dregs
181
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PO62
A Renewable Compatibilizing Agent for Silica Reinforced Natural Rubber
Indra Surya and Hanafi Ismail
Universitas Sumatera Utara
[email protected]
Abstract
The main problem in utilizing silica as an alternative reinforcing filler for natural rubber (NR)
compounds is a weak rubber-filler interaction and poor filler distribution due to their
incompatibility feature. The particles of silica have a strong tendency to filler-filler
interaction which leads to form silica agglomeration. To solve this drawback, this work has
utilized ethanolamine-modified palm stearin (EMPS) as a renewable compatibilizer to
improve NR-silica compatibility. The EMPS was prepared by a typical chemical reaction
between ethanolamine and refined bleach-deodorized palm stearin (a byproduct of cooking
oil production) on a laboratory scale. The influence of the EMPS on the improvement of
rubber-filler interaction was investigated by studying on the processing characteristics and
the tensile properties of silica-reinforced NR compound (silica content was fixed at 30 phr).
Compared to the silica-reinforced NR with no EMPS, it was found that EMPS caused in
greater coefficient of vulcanization, tensile strength, and reinforcement effect for the
silica-reinforced NR. It was due to an active reaction between silanol groups of silica with
EMPS which increased the NR-silica compatibility, and the Fourier Transform Infra-Red
(FTIR) analysis has confirmed the typical reaction.
Keywords: ethanolamine-modified palm stearin, natural rubber, silica, tensile propertie
182
Biomedical Science and Natural Bioactive Compounds
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PO1
EFFECT OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT CONCENTRATION OF ARABICA COFFEE
SKINS (Coffea arabica L.) AGAINST LARVAE MORTALITY OF HOUSE FLY
(Musca domestica)
Benta Lenggar and Ichsan Putra
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
House flies (M. domestica) is a vector of pathogens that can transmit disease to humans
and animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of various
concentrations of 96% ethanol extract of Arabica coffee pods on larval mortality M.
domestica, as well as calculating the value of LC50 and LT50 larval mortalityM. domestica.
The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 20 third instar larvaeM.
domestica. Arabica coffee fruit skin comes from the Dua Pandawa Wonosobo coffee
plantation. The concentration variations were 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 0% as a control
which was repeated 3 times with the methodfeeding assay. Observation of larval death was
carried out for 48 hours at 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, and 48 hours. The
results showed a significance value of >0.05 meaning that there was no significant
difference in third instar larvae mortalityM. domestica between treatments. LC value50
obtained is 0.01%. LT value50 at concentrations of 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% respectively
were 274.52 hours, 134.90 hours, 532.20 hours and 0 hours. Conclusion of this study is
that 96% ethanol extract from Arabica coffee pods has no effect on larval mortality M.
domestica.
Keywords: Arabica coffee, Ethanol extract, Mortality, Musca domestica
184
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PO2
Comparison of Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Extract of Young and Old Leaves of
Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) with DPPH Method
Ambar Pratiwi, Devanda Rahma Adisgia and Novi Febrianti
[email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
Avocado plants (Persea americana Mill.) grow a lot in tropical and subtropical areas.
Avocado leaves contain natural antioxidants for traditional medicine. This study aims to
determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity values of
young and old avocado leaves, as well as analyze the relationship between total phenolic
and total flavonoid content on the antioxidant activity value of methanol extract of avocado
leaves (Persea americana Mill.). The results showed that the highest total phenolic content
in old avocado leaves was 1,682.27 ± 1,174.82 mg GAE/g dry weight. The highest total
flavonoid content in old avocado leaves was 3,858.96 ± 570.84 mg QE/g dry weight. The
antioxidant activity of the methanol extract of young avocado leaves had an IC_50 value of
321.32 ± 80.43 ppm. The conclusion of the study was that the highest total phenolic
content was in old leaves of 1,682.27 ± 1,174.82 mgGAE/g dry weight, the highest total
flavonoids in old leaves were 3,858.96 ± 570.84 mgQE/g dry weight, and the highest
antioxidant activity value was on old leaves of 288.54 ± 33.06 ppm. Total flavonoid content
has more influence on antioxidant activity, with a correlation coefficient of 0.856.
Keywords: Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content, DPPH, avocado
leaves
185
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PO59
Crude Aceh pathouli alcohol (Pogostemon cablin Benth.) elucidated antibiofilm
activity of against Staphylococcus aureus
Suhartono Suhartono, Layli Adhayani and Amalia Amalia
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
The emergence of biofilm-producing bacteria has prompted the search for novel
antibacterial agents, including plant-based compounds such as patchouli oil (Pogostemon
cablin Benth.). This study evaluated the phytochemicals and antibiofilm activities of crude
Aceh patchouli oil (CPO) obtained through vacuum distillation against Staphylococcus
aureus. The study employed a laboratory experimental design: two controls (growth and
negative) and three varying concentrations (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) of CPO. Phytochemical
analysis was conducted using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry revealed the
presence of terpenes, sesquiterpenes, and fatty acids in CPO, with patchouli alcohol,
azulene, and alpha-guaiene as the dominant compounds. CPO exhibited significant
antibiofilm activity against S. aureus, with a minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration of
0.5%. Notably, CPO was also effective in eradicating existing S. aureus biofilms at
concentration of 1%. The findings of this study suggest that CPO could be a promising
candidate for developing novel anti-staphylococcal agents.
Keyword: antibioflm, Crude patchouli oil, minimum inhibitory concentration,
Staphylococcus aureus
186
Biosystematics, Ecology, and Evolution
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PO52
4-Senses Compact Exhibit: Novel Tool to Promote Biodiversity
Nurfahana Mo'In and Arney Sapaat
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Natural history exhibits are a tool for raising public awareness and providing information
about biodiversity. It is one of the ways to attract all generations to mainstream biodiversity
by exploring those components in more depth and detail. In this research study, the
exhibitions of the 4-senses compact exhibit will be developed as a novel tool in promoting
biodiversity that will excite and stimulate the senses of see, hear, smell, and touch, as well
as assess the effectiveness of the 4-sense compact exhibit as a tool to promote biodiversity
through the development of several sets of questionnaires. The samples consisted of the
students of the primary and secondary schools since this exhibit will be installed in different
types of locations, such as an education and research center, a shopping center, and
schools. This study required respondents to answer two sets of questionnaires, which were
pre- and post-treatment questionnaires. Descriptive analysis was examined to assess the
effectiveness of 4-sense compact exhibits as a tool to promote biodiversity. This prototype
is an effective novel tool for promoting biodiversity among school students, as well as
helping to improve students' understanding and knowledge of biodiversity while they are
still young.
Keyword: Biodiversity, Exhibition, natural history
188
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PO53
Comparison of Morphometric and Genetic Characteristics of Giant Prawns
Freshwater Prawn (Macrobracium rosenbergii) Si Jawa with Bengawan Solo and
Siratu Populations
Nurul Suwartiningsih, Novita Dwi Safitri, Ifaldo Reva Ardiatama, Darmadi Darmadi, Diduk
K. Hendra and Arga Kurniawan
[email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected] |
[email protected]
Abstract
Giant freshwater prawn (GFP) Si Jawa population is a new population of GFP from
Bengawan Solo domestication by BPTPB Cangkringan. The good morphometric and
genetic characteristics of Si Jawa have never been compared with Bengawan Solo, nor
with cross-breeding populations such as Siratu. This study was to compare the
morphometric and polymorphic characteristics of DNA of three populations. Sampling of
GFP was carried out at UKBAP Samas. Characterization was carried out at Laboratory of
Molecular Biology, Ahmad Dahlan University. Each population took three male and three
female individuals as samples. DNA polymorphisms were determined using ISSR 5 and
ISSR 8 primers. Data on interpopulation morphometric characters were compared with the
Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that for the characters of cephalothorax, carapace,
rostrum and abdomen the highest were in the male of Bengawan Solo and the lowest was
in male of Si Jawa. Cephalothorax:abdomen and carapace:abdomen was highest in male
of Si Jawa and the lowest respectively in male of Siratu and Bengawan Solo.
Carapace:rostrum were not significantly different (P>0.05). DNA polymorphism from
highest to lowest was Bengawan Solo (75%), Si Jawa (71.43%) and Siratu (68.75%). The
results showed that Si Jawa was morphometrically and genetically good population.
Keyword: Bengawan Solo population, giant freshwater prawns, ISSR, morphometry,
Siratu, Si Jawa
189
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PO56
Preliminary Report of Microplastic (MPs) Presence on East Java Freshwater
Sponges at Brantas Porong River
Danang Samudra, Aunurohim Aunurohim and Edwin Setiawan
[email protected]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are plastic fragments in the size range of >1 μm to <5 mm.
Microplastics are a global concern because of their presence in various ecosystems to
organisms and their tendency to have a negative impact on organisms. Due to their small
size, microplastics can be easily ingested by organisms, including sponges. Freshwater
sponges are rare in the world. As a filter feeder organism, sponges can accumulate
microplastics into their bodies. This study aims to analyse the physical characteristics of
microplastic abundance in freshwater sponges in Porong River, Mojokerto City, East Java.
Oncosclera asiatica and Eunapius carteri sponge samples were taken from Brantas Porong
River at a depth of about 1 meter. Analysis of physical characteristics (size, color, and
shape) was conducted using a stereo microscope and Optilab. The abundance of
microplastics in O. asiatica was found to be 1150 particles/20 grams wet weight. The
physical characteristics that dominate O. asiatica sponges are red and black fibres, black
fragments, and pellets. The abundance of microplastics in E. carteri was found to be 2.850
particles/20 grams wet weight. The physical characteristics that dominate in E. carteri
sponges are white foam, crystal pellet, blue fibres, and black fragments.
Keyword: Bioindicator, Brantas Porong River, East Java, freshwater Sponges, microplastic
190
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PO60
Molecular identification and delimitation of a complex species: Athyrium nigripes
and its associated species
Wita Wardani, Bayu Adjie and Kusumadewi Sri Yulita
[email protected] | [email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
A species complex is known to have a wide range morphological variability and often being
confused with closely related species. Athyrium nigripes is a bipinnate terrestrial fern that
has the genus characteristic of confluent groove and spine on adaxial side of costae,
described from Java. This species delimitation has expanded to include plants with more
finely divided leaves that leads to misidentification of similar-looking species. Here we used
sequences of five chloroplast DNA to confirm the identification and delimitation of At.
nigripes and its related species. The combined sequence dataset resulted in similar
topology in the phylogenetic tree generated through Maximum Parsimony, Maximum
Likelihood and Bayesian Inference methods. At. nigripes is confirmed to be monophyletic in
the clade Otophorum, with At. pulcherrimum as its immediate sister. At. nitidulum that often
being synonymized is resolved to nest in a clade that connected at a deeper branch.
Specimen with darker stipe scale, pubescent rachis and more dentate margin, that is also
frequently misidentified, is placed in other clade of the same section. Diagnostic characters
of all included species are described.
Keyword: Athyrium, Athyrium nigripes, fern, chloroplast DNA sequence, molecular
identification, species delimitation
191
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Structural and Functional Biology
192
ICBS 2023/ 27-28 October 2023 / Program Book
PO54
Potential of Hermetia illucens, Linnaeus 1758 in Improving Growth and
Gastrointestinal Performance of Jawa Super Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus,
Linnaeus 1758) Starter Phase
Haris Setiawan
[email protected]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the potential of BSF flour as feed in improving the growth and
digestive tract of the Jawa Super Starter Phase. The study used 96 Jawa Super Chickens
(aged 0 days). The research design used was a completely randomized design with 4
treatments and 6 replications. The treatment was conducted from the 4th day of chicken
age until the 17th day with 4 treatments including P0 (0 g/kg BSF larval flour), P1 (50 g/kg
BSF larval flour), P2 (100 g/kg larval flour) and P4 (150 g/kg larval flour). Parameters
observed included growth parameters (body weight and FCR) and digestive tract
parameters (weight, length, organ ratio, and intestine histology). Data analysis was done by
one-way ANOVA test followed by Duncan test. The results showed significant differences in
body weight, organ weight, and intestine histology structure between treatments (P<0.05).
FCR value did not show significant differences between treatments (P>0.05). Observations
on all parameters showed that P2 and P3 were higher than the other treatments (P<0.05).
This study concludes that BSF larvae flour at a dose of 100 g/kg and 150 g/kg feed can
improve the growth and digestive tract of Super Java Chickens during 15 days of treatment.
Keyword: Digestive tract, Growth, Hermetia illucens, Jawa Super Chicken
193
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PO55
Antagonistic Activity of Endophytic Fungi from Maize Plants (Zea mays) Against
Fusarium oxysporum
Oktira Roka Aji and Dilla Rofiyanti
[email protected] | [email protected]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi are microorganisms that can reside within plant tissues without harming
their host plants. These fungi have the ability to act as biological agents against harmful
fungi by utilizing mechanisms like competing for nutrients, parasitism, and antibiosis. This
research aims to isolate, identify the genus groups of endophytic fungi from maize plants
(Zea mays), understand the antagonistic mechanisms between endophytic fungi and
Fusarium oxysporum through dual culture tests, determine the highest inhibitory
percentage of endophytic fungi against Fusarium oxysporum in filtrate culture tests and
volatile compound tests. The determination of antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi
is carried out in vitro through dual culture methods, filtrate culture methods, and volatile
compound production. Data obtained from the antagonistic activity of endophytic fungi are
analyzed based on the calculation of inhibition percentages. The dual culture method
revealed 8 isolates effectively restraining the growth of Fusarium oxysporum. Among the
filtrate culture experiments, isolate B1.1.1 exhibited the most promising outcomes with an
inhibition rate of 39.83%. Notably, isolate D2.2.1 displayed the highest inhibition rate of
44.38% in the antagonism test employing the volatile compound production method.
Identification was conducted through ITS gene amplification, confirming that isolate D2.2.1
corresponds to Trichoderma harzianum.
Keyword: Antagonism, Endophytic Fungi, Fusarium oxysporum, Zea mays
194
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195