Logic to Ladder Diagram

Logic to Ladder Diagram
There are some methods to do PLC programming.
The programming methods can be with Logic
Ladder Diagram, mneumonic (statement list), and
/ or function block diagram.
One of the PLC programming methods that are
very commonly used programming using PLC
ladder diagram. The method is practical and easy
to understand. The programmer in charge of
writing a program should describe an electronic
switch circuit. It can be designed to perform the
conversion of electronic circuits that already exist,
then replace the switch function according to the
functions available to software programmers.
A ladder diagram consists of a downward line on
the left side with lines branching to the right.
Existing line on the left side is called the bus bar,
whereas the branching lines are lines of
instructions or steps. Instructions are placed along
the line of a variety of conditions linked to the
other instructions on the right side. Logic
combination of the conditions stated when and
how the existing instructions on the right side is
done.
Ada beberapa metode untuk melakukan
pemrograman PLC. Metode pemrograman dapat
dengan logika Ladder Diagram, mneumonic
(pernyataan daftar), dan / atau fungsi blok
diagram. Salah satu metode pemrograman PLC
yang sangat sering digunakan pemrograman
menggunakan PLC ladder diagram. Metode praktis
dan mudah dipahami. Programmer bertugas
menulis program harus menggambarkan sebuah
saklar elektronik sirkuit. Ini dapat dirancang untuk
melakukan konversi sirkuit elektronik yang sudah
ada, kemudian menggantikan fungsi switch sesuai
dengan fungsi yang tersedia untuk programmer
perangkat lunak. Diagram tangga terdiri dari garis
menurun di sisi kiri dengan garis-garis yang
bercabang ke kanan. Sudah ada baris di sisi kiri
disebut bus bar, sedangkan garis bercabang garis
petunjuk atau langkah-langkah. Instruksi
ditempatkan sepanjang garis berbagai kondisi
terkait dengan petunjuk lainnya di sisi kanan.
Logika kombinasi dari kondisi yang dinyatakan
Kapan dan bagaimana instr yang ada...
Figure 1. Example of ladder diagram
As shown in Figure 1 is, along the lines of
instructions can branch out again and then joined
again. The lines of vertical pairs (such as capacitors
symbol) is called the condition. The pair of vertical
lines no diagonal line called the Normal Open Normally Open or NO and related instruction
LOAD (LD), AND or OR. While the couple have a
vertical line was a diagonal line called the Normal
Closed - Normally Close or NC, and related
instructions LD NOT, AND NOT or OR NOT.
Seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam gambar 1 adalah,
sepanjang garis petunjuk dapat cabang keluar lagi
dan kemudian bergabung kembali. Garis vertikal
pasang (seperti simbol kapasitor) disebut kondisi.
Sepasang vertikal baris ada garis diagonal yang
disebut Normal terbuka - biasanya buka atau tidak
dan terkait instruksi beban (LD), dan atau OR.
Sementara pasangan memiliki garis vertikal garis
diagonal disebut Normal ditutup - biasanya dekat
atau NC, dan petunjuk yang terkait LD tidak, dan
tidak atau atau tidak.
PLC is still used mostly as a strand of logic, as
generally in strings of logic / digital solutions to
these problems will be easier if each input and
output components are presented in digital logic,
involving the truth table, set the output equation
in the table are based on binary numbers, then
simplify the equation by using Karnaugh Map.
Here are some examples of conversion from basic
logic gates in the Ladder Diagram. (Example given
has 2 inputs and 1 output).
PLC masih digunakan sebagian besar sebagai
seuntai logika, seperti pada umumnya dalam string
logika / digital solusi untuk masalah ini akan lebih
mudah jika setiap input dan output komponen
disajikan dalam logika digital, melibatkan tabel
kebenaran, set persamaan output dalam tabel
didasarkan pada Bilangan Biner, kemudian
menyederhanakan persamaan dengan
menggunakan peta Karnaugh.
Berikut adalah beberapa contoh dari konversi dari
Gerbang logika dasar dalam Diagram tangga.
(Contoh yang diberikan mempunyai 2 input dan 1
output
Logic AND
The truth table of logic AND is as follows,
Conversion to Ladder Diagram,
Logic OR
The truth table of logic OR is as follows,
Conversion to Ladder
Diagram,
Logic NOT
The truth table of logic NOT is as follows,
Conversion to
Ladder
Diagram,
Logic NAND
Logic NAND is a development of logic AND, OR and NOT. The truth table is as follows,
The truth table above have
the following equation,
O = (A.B) '= A' + B '
So the conversion to Ladder
Diagram,
Logic NOR
This logic is also the development of the logic AND, OR and NOT. The truth table is as follows,
The truth table
above have the
following equation,
O = (A + B) '= A'. B '
So the conversion to Ladder Diagram,
Logic XOR
Similarly, the logic of the previous ones. This logic is also the development of AND, OR and NOT. This logic is
widely used in summing strand (adder). The truth table is as
follows,
The truth table above
have the following
equation,
O = A o B = A '. B + A.
B'
So the conversion to Ladder Diagram,
Mitsubishi PLC Control For 3 Movement
PLC Type FX, Name Input / Output PLC :
INPUT PLC :
X000 ; Push Button Start
X001 ; Sensor1 Reverse
X002 ; Sensor1 Forward
X003 ; Sensor2 Reverse
X004 ; Sensor2 Forward
X005 ; Emergency Stop (Push Button)
OUTPUT PLC :
Y000 ; Cylinder1 Forward
Y001 ; Cylinder1 Reverse
Y002 ; Cylinder2 Forward
Y003 ; Cylinder2 Reverse
Download PDF File:
Mitsubishi PLC For 3 Movement(.pdf)
Please Download Programming for GX Developer :
Mitsubishi PLC Control for 3 movement
Reading Ladder PLC Programming for 3 movement with Standard Sequence Programming :
1. INPUT CONDITION
a.If X005 = ON Then M0 = ON
b.If M0 = ON Then RST C0 or C0 = 0 (Only STEP0 = ON)
c.If X001 = ON AND X003 = ON Then M1 = ON ( ALL ORIGIN = ON)
d.If X000 = ON Then M2 = ON (Start = ON)
2. TRIGGER AND SENSOR CONDITION
a.If M10 = ON AND M1 = ON AND M2 = ON Then M3 = ON AND M11 = ON (STEP1 = ON)
b.If M11 = ON AND X002 = OFF Then M3 = OFF AND Waiting STEP1
c.If M11 = ON AND X002 = ON Then M3 = ON AND M12 = ON (STEP2 = ON)
d.If M12 = ON AND X004 = OFF Then M3 = OFF AND Waiting STEP2
e.If M12 = ON AND X004 = ON Then M3 = ON AND M13 = ON (STEP3 = ON)
f.If M13 = ON AND X001 = ON AND X003 = ON Then M10 = ON (STEP0 = ON) Else Waiting STEP3
3. OUTPUT CONDITION
a.If M11 = ON Then Y000 = ON
b.If M13 = ON Then Y001 = ON
c.If M12 = ON Then Y002 = ON
d.If M13 = ON Then Y003 = ON
4. CONTROLLER
a.If M11 = OFF AND M12 = OFF AND M13 = OFF Then M4 = ON (Only STEP0 = ON)
b.If M4 = ON AND C0 Not Equal 0 (Null) Then RST C0 or C0 = 0 (Only STEP0 = ON)
c.If M3 = ON (Trigger) Then Count Up C0
d.If M0 = ON (Emergency Stop) Then RST C0 or C0 = 0 (Only STEP0 = ON)
e.If C0 = 0 Then M10 = ON (STEP0 = ON)
f.If C0 = 1 Then M11 = ON (STEP1 = ON)
g.If C0 = 2 Then M12 = ON (STEP2 = ON)
h.If C0 = 3 Then M13 = ON (STEP3 = ON)
Mitsubishi PLC programming for Control 3 movement
with Standard Sequence Programming
Elevator with PLC Program
Simulation : elevator plc program for one Floor
Detail Elevator with PLC:
Information on Drawing Numbers for Elevator PLC Program:
(1). Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In Floor B Outside.
(2). Light Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In Floor B Outside.
(3). Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In Floor 1 Outside.
(4). Light Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In Floor 1 Outside.
(5). Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In B Inside.
(6). Light Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In B Inside.
(7). Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In 1 Inside.
(8). Light Push Button Switch ( Push Button Switch with Light ) In 1 Inside.
(9). Limit Switch for Position 1
(10). Limit Switch for Position B
(11). Limit Switch for Door Open
(12). Limit Switch for Door Close
(13). Safety Sensor
Number Of Inputs and Output PLC applied :
1. Number Of Inputs PLC is 9 Input :
--- 1 Unit Input for Push Button Switch In Floor B Outside.
--- 1 Unit Input for Push Button Switch In Floor B Inside.
--- 1 Unit Input for Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Outside.
--- 1 Unit Input for Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Inside.
--- 1 Unit Input for Limit Switch Position 1.
--- 1 Unit Input for Limit Switch Position B.
--- 1 Unit Input for Limit Switch Door Open.
--- 1 Unit Input for Limit Switch Door Close.
--- 1 Unit Input for Safety Sensor.
--- Total Number Of Inputs PLC is Minimum 9 Input Unit.
2. Number Of Output PLC is 8 Output :
--- 1 Unit Output for Electric Motors ( Move To Position B )
--- 1 Unit Output for Electric Motors ( Move To Position 1 )
--- 1 Unit Output for Move the Door Open
--- 1 Unit Output for Move the Door Close
--- 1 Unit Output for Light Push Button Switch in B Inside
--- 1 Unit Output for Light Push Button Switch in 1 Inside
--- 1 Unit Output for Light Push Button Switch in B Outside
--- 1 Unit Output for Light Push Button Switch in 1 Outside
--- Total Number Of Outputs PLC is Minimum 8 Output Unit.
Sequence PLC Programming for Elevator PLC Program:
Step 1 : Elevator Up - Down ( 1 - B )
a. If Push Button B Outside = ON And the elevator was not in a position B Then elevator Move to B.
b. If Push Button B Inside = ON And the elevator was not in a position B Then elevator Move to B.
c. If Push Button 1 Outside = ON And the elevator was not in a position 1 Then elevator Move to 1.
d. If Push Button 1 Inside = ON And the elevator was not in a position 1 Then elevator Move to 1.
Step 2 : Door Open - Close
a. IF Limit Switch Position B = ON (Pulse / diff.Up) Or Limit Switch Position 1 = ON (Pulse / diff.Up)
then Door Open.
b. IF Limit Switch Door Open = ON Or Safety Sensor = ON then Door Close.
c. Continuously to Step 1
Download Simulation Elevator PLC Program :
Elevator PLC Program
Can You make Program Ladder PLC ?
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Keyence
PLC Type KV Keyence , Name Input / Output PLC :
INPUT PLC :
0000 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Outside.
0001 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Inside.
0002 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Outside.
0003 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Inside.
0004 ;Limit Switch Position 1.
0005 ;Limit Switch Position B.
0006 ;Limit Switch Door Open.
0007 ;Limit Switch Door Close.
0008 ;Safety Sensor.
OUTPUT PLC :
0500 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position B )
0501 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position 1 )
0502 ;Move the Door Open
0503 ;Move the Door Close
0504 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Inside
0505 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Inside
0506 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Outside
0507 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Outside
Please Download Picture Elevator PLC Program with PLC Keyence :
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Keyence
Reading Ladder PLC Programming for Elevator PLC Program with PLC Keyence :
Step 1 :
a.If 1101 = Diff. Up ON Then 1011 = ON .
Request from Inside the Elevator
b.If 0001 = ON And 0004 = ON Or 0005 = OFF Then 1000 = ON (Hold ON) .
c.If 0003 = ON And 0005 = ON Or 0004 = OFF Then 1001 = ON (Hold ON) .
Request from Outside the Elevator
d.If 0000 = ON And 0005 = OFF Then 1002 = ON (Hold ON) .
e.If 0002 = ON And 0004 = OFF Then 1003 = ON (Hold ON) .
Step 2 :
Elevator doors open and close
a.If 0004 = ON Then 1004 = Diff. Up ON.
b.If 0005 = ON Then 1005 = Diff. Up ON.
c.If 1004 = ON Or 1005 = ON And 1013 = ON And 1014 = ON And 1007 = OFF Then 1006 = ON
(Hold ON).
d.If 1006 = ON And 0006 = ON And 1010 = OFF Then 1007 = ON (Hold ON).
e.If 1007 = ON And 0008 = ON And 1009 = OFF Then 1008 = ON.
f.If 1007 = ON And 0008 = OFF Then 1009 = ON.
g.If 1007 = ON And 0005 = ON And ( 0000 = ON Or 0001 = ON ) Then 1009 = ON.
h.If 1007 = ON And 0004 = ON And ( 0002 = ON Or 0003 = ON ) Then 1009 = ON.
i.If 1007 = ON And 0007 = ON And 1011 = OFF And 1012 = OFF Then 1010 = ON (Hold ON).
Step 3 :
Elevator moving up and down
a.If 1010 = ON And ( 1000 = ON And 1002 = ON ) And 0005 = OFF And 1012 = OFF Then 1011 =
ON (Hold ON).
b.If 1101 = ON Then 1011 = ON (Hold ON).
c.If 1010 = ON And ( 1001 = ON And 1003 = ON ) And 0004 = OFF And 1011 = OFF Then 1012 =
ON (Hold ON).
Step 4 : Output PLC
a.If 1011 = ON Then 0500 = ON.
b.If 1012 = ON Then 0501 = ON.
c.If 1006 = ON Or 1009 = ON Then 0502 = ON.
d.If 1008 = ON Then 0503 = ON.
e.If 1000 = ON Or 0001 = ON Then 0504 = ON.
f.If 1001 = ON Or 0003 = ON Then 0505 = ON.
g.If 1002 = ON Or 0000 = ON Then 0506 = ON.
h.If 1003 = ON Or 0002 = ON Then 0507 = ON.
Step 5 : If no person in the elevator
a.If 1010 = ON And 1011 = OFF And 1012 = OFF And 0000 = ON And 0005 = ON Then 1013 = Diff.
Up ON.
b.If 1013 = ON Then 1010 = OFF And 1006 = ON.
c.If 1010 = ON And 1011 = OFF And 1012 = OFF And 0002 = ON And 0004 = ON Then 1014 = Diff.
Up ON.
d.If 1014 = ON Then 1010 = OFF And 1006 = ON.
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Omron
PLC Type Series-CV Omron , Name Input / Output PLC :
INPUT PLC :
0000.00 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Outside.
0000.01 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Inside.
0000.02 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Outside.
0000.03 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Inside.
0000.04 ;Limit Switch Position 1.
0000.05 ;Limit Switch Position B.
0000.06 ;Limit Switch Door Open.
0000.07 ;Limit Switch Door Close.
0000.08 ;Safety Sensor.
OUTPUT PLC :
0005.00 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position B )
0005.01 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position 1 )
0005.02 ;Move the Door Open
0005.03 ;Move the Door Close
0005.04 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Inside
0005.05 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Inside
0005.06 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Outside
0005.07 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Outside
Please Download Picture Elevator PLC Program with PLC Omron :
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Omron
Reading Ladder PLC Programming for Elevator PLC Program with PLC Omron :
Step 1 :
a.If 0011.01 = Diff. Up ON Then 0010.11 = ON .
Request from Inside the Elevator
b.If 0000.01 = ON And 0000.04 = ON Or 0000.05 = OFF Then 0010.00 = ON (Hold ON) .
c.If 0000.03 = ON And 0000.05 = ON Or 0000.04 = OFF Then 0010.01 = ON (Hold ON) .
Request from Outside the Elevator
d.If 0000.00 = ON And 0000.05 = OFF Then 0010.02 = ON (Hold ON) .
e.If 0000.02 = ON And 0000.04 = OFF Then 0010.03 = ON (Hold ON) .
Step 2 :
Elevator doors open and close
a.If 0000.04 = ON Then 0010.04 = Diff. Up ON.
b.If 0000.05 = ON Then 0010.05 = Diff. Up ON.
c.If 0010.04 = ON Or 0010.05 = ON And 0010.13 = ON And 0010.14 = ON And 0010.07 = OFF Then
0010.06 = ON (Hold ON).
d.If 0010.06 = ON And 0000.06 = ON And 0010.10 = OFF Then 0010.07 = ON (Hold ON).
e.If 0010.07 = ON And 0000.08 = ON And 0010.09 = OFF Then 0010.08 = ON.
f.If 0010.07 = ON And 0000.08 = OFF Then 0010.09 = ON.
g.If 0010.07 = ON And 0000.05 = ON And ( 0000.00 = ON Or 0000.01 = ON ) Then 0010.09 = ON.
h.If 0010.07 = ON And 0000.04 = ON And ( 0000.02 = ON Or 0000.03 = ON ) Then 0010.09 = ON.
i.If 0010.07 = ON And 0000.07 = ON And 0010.11 = OFF And 0010.12 = OFF Then 0010.10 = ON
(Hold ON).
Step 3 :
Elevator moving up and down
a.If 0010.10 = ON And ( 0010.00 = ON And 0010.02 = ON ) And 0000.05 = OFF And 0010.12 = OFF
Then 0010.11 = ON (Hold ON).
b.If 0011.01 = ON Then 0010.11 = ON (Hold ON).
c.If 0010.10 = ON And ( 0010.01 = ON And 0010.03 = ON ) And 0000.04 = OFF And 0010.11 = OFF
Then 0010.12 = ON (Hold ON).
Step 4 : Output PLC
a.If 0010.11 = ON Then 0005.00 = ON.
b.If 0010.12 = ON Then 0005.01 = ON.
c.If 0010.06 = ON Or 0010.09 = ON Then 0005.02 = ON.
d.If 0010.08 = ON Then 0005.03 = ON.
e.If 0010.00 = ON Or 0000.01 = ON Then 0005.04 = ON.
f.If 0010.01 = ON Or 0000.03 = ON Then 0005.05 = ON.
g.If 0010.02 = ON Or 0000.00 = ON Then 0005.06 = ON.
h.If 0010.03 = ON Or 0000.02 = ON Then 0005.07 = ON.
Step 5 : If no person in the elevator
a.If 0010.10 = ON And 0010.11 = OFF And 0010.12 = OFF And 0000.00 = ON And 0000.05 = ON
Then 0010.13 = Diff. Up ON.
b.If 0010.13 = ON Then 0010.10 = OFF And 0010.06 = ON.
c.If 0010.10 = ON And 0010.11 = OFF And 0010.12 = OFF And 0000.02 = ON And 0000.04 = ON
Then 0010.14 = Diff. Up ON.
d.If 0010.14 = ON Then 0010.10 = OFF And 0010.06 = ON.
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Mitsubishi
PLC Type FX-Mitsubishi , Name Input / Output PLC :
INPUT PLC :
X000 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Outside.
X001 ;Push Button Switch In Floor B Inside.
X002 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Outside.
X003 ;Push Button Switch In Floor 1 Inside.
X004 ;Limit Switch Position 1.
X005 ;Limit Switch Position B.
X006 ;Limit Switch Door Open.
X007 ;Limit Switch Door Close.
X010 ;Safety Sensor.
OUTPUT PLC :
Y000 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position B )
Y001 ;Electric Motors ( Move To Position 1 )
Y002 ;Move the Door Open
Y003 ;Move the Door Close
Y004 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Inside
Y005 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Inside
Y006 ;Light Push Button Switch in B Outside
Y007 ;Light Push Button Switch in 1 Outside
Please Download Picture Elevator PLC Program with PLC Mitsubishi :
Elevator PLC Program with PLC Mitsubishi
Reading Ladder PLC Programming for Elevator PLC Program with PLC Mitsubishi :
Step 1 :
a.If M17 = Pulse ON Then M11 = ON .
Request from Inside the Elevator
b.If X001 = ON And X004 = ON Or X005 = OFF Then M0 = ON (Hold ON) .
c.If X003 = ON And X005 = ON Or X004 = OFF Then M1 = ON (Hold ON) .
Request from Outside the Elevator
d.If X000 = ON And X005 = OFF Then M2 = ON (Hold ON) .
e.If X002 = ON And X004 = OFF Then M3 = ON (Hold ON) .
Step 2 :
Elevator doors open and close
a.If X004 = ON Then M4 = Pulse ON.
b.If X005 = ON Then M5 = Pulse ON.
c.If M4 = ON Or M5 = ON And M13 = ON And M14 = OFF And M7 = OFF Then M6 = ON (Hold ON).
d.If M6 = ON And X006 = ON And M10 = OFF Then M7 = ON (Hold ON).
e.If M7 = ON And X010 = ON And M9 = OFF Then M8 = ON.
f.If M7 = ON And X010 = OFF Then M9 = ON.
g.If M7 = ON And X005 = ON And ( X000 = ON Or X001 = ON ) Then M9 = ON.
h.If M7 = ON And X004 = ON And ( X002 = ON Or X003 = ON ) Then M9 = ON.
i.If M7 = ON And X007 = ON And M11 = OFF And M12 = OFF Then M10 = ON (Hold ON).
Step 3 :
Elevator moving up and down
a.If M10 = ON And ( M0 = ON And M2 = ON ) And X005 = OFF And M12 = OFF Then M11 = ON
(Hold ON).
b.If M17 = ON Then M11 = ON (Hold ON).
c.If M10 = ON And ( M1 = ON And M3 = ON ) And X004 = OFF And M11 = OFF Then M12 = ON
(Hold ON).
Step 4 : Output PLC
a.If M11 = ON Then Y000 = ON.
b.If M12 = ON Then Y001 = ON.
c.If M6 = ON Or M9 = ON Then Y002 = ON.
d.If M8 = ON Then Y003 = ON.
e.If M0 = ON Or X001 = ON Then Y004 = ON.
f.If M1 = ON Or X003 = ON Then Y005 = ON.
g.If M2 = ON Or X000 = ON Then Y006 = ON.
h.If M3 = ON Or X002 = ON Then Y007 = ON.
Step 5 : If no person in the elevator
a.If M10 = ON And M11 = OFF And M12 = OFF And X000 = ON And X005 = ON Then M13 = Diff. Up
ON.
b.If M13 = ON Then M10 = OFF And M6 = ON.
c.If M10 = ON And M11 = OFF And M12 = OFF And X002 = ON And X004 = ON Then M14 = Diff. Up
ON.
d.If M14 = ON Then M10 = OFF And M6 = ON.