Quality Assessment of Organochlorine Pesticides in the Water and in the Sediment from Estuary of Citarum River

K OGINAWATI
SUHARYANTO
N FAHIMAH*
A N ARDIWINATA
A KURNIA
*E-mail: [email protected]
SUKARJO
C O HANDAYANI
E SULAEMAN
Quality Assessment
Organochlorine pesticides
in water & sediment from
The Citarum River is t
hemostpol
l
ut
edri
v er in the world and its pollution occurs
from upstream to downstream/estuary
INTRODUCTION
TheAim:
Aim:
To assess
the
quality
of
T
hec
onc
ent
ra
t
i
on
organochlorine pesticides
org
a
no
c
hl
o
ri
nes a
rea
na
l
y
z
ed
in
the
compartment
of
water
column
and
bya
sse
ssi
ng
t
hequa
l
i
t
yi
n
sediment surface
w
a
t
e
r
a
n
d
se
d
i
me
n
t
in the Citarum River Estuary
Organochlorines will affect to Ox
i
da
t
i
ve
S
t
ress (
OS
)enha
nc
ement
. OS is the
main cause of prema
t
urea
g
i
ng
, hea
rt
di
sea
se, c
a
nc
er, and Al
z
hei
mer’s di
sea
se
&
M
M
&
.
2
Loc a tion:
M ua ra Ge
m b ong Sub d
istric t
Be
ka si Distric t,
We
st J
ava
The Citarum River is sourced from the Mount Wayang
Mount and disembogues into t
heJ
a
v aS
ea
(
Mua
raGembongS
ubdi
st
ri
c
t
,
Bek
a
si
)
3
Organochlorines are the types of pesticides h
a
s been
ba
nnedin all fields in Indonesia. However,
1/
3L
1
B
1/
3L
Surfa c e
Surfa
ce
3
B
3A
&
M
M
&
Panta i Ba h a g ia
Villa g e
1
A
1/
3L
idst
M M id
st
B
aa se
se
B
:Sam pling site
s in wa te
r
106°
59'
24"
E
&
M
M
&
:sa m pling site
s in se
dim e
nt
2A
2B
Cross Se
c tion
J
AVASEA
J
AVASEA
M
&
M
&
Villa g eBound
a ry
1A
1B
M
&
Cita rum R iv e
r Estua ry
J
AVASEA
Sam pling Site
s
Laboratory
Analyses
Data
Analyses
Water
Column
RESULTS
The quality standards based on SK Gubernur No. 39 Tahun 2000
for lindane, aldrin, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, chlordane, and DDT.
For endosulfan, based on The National Environment Council Brazil (2005)
9
0.
0
6
.
0
Surfa c e
M id
st
Ba se
Sta nd
a rd
Ch lordane
6
0.
0
3
.
0
1
A 1
B 2
A 2
B 3
A 3
B 4
A 4
B 5
A 5
B 6
A 6
B
Sampl
i
n gSi
te
s
Se
di
me
nt
SNI0
66992.
1:
20
04
Wa
te
rQu al
i
ty As
s
e
s
s
me
nt
Po l
l
u ti
on I
n de
x(
PI
)me
tho d
Ba se
don
Kementrian Lingkungan Hidup
No.115 Tahun 2003
Co n ta
mi
na
ti
o n Fa
c to r(
CF)
me
tho d
CF
=
Cn=sample concentration;
Cbv=the background concentration
The background value for heptachlor based on
Sediment
Nowell et al. (1999). For dieldrin, endrin, and
Surface
chlordane based on Ontario Environmental
Protection Act (2004). And EPA Region III BTAG (2006) for endosulfan
3
5
2
0.
0
1
5.
0
Surfa c e
M id
st
Ba se
Sta nd
a rd
Endosulfa n
1
A 1
B 2
A 2
B 3
A 3
B 4
A 4
B 5
A 5
B 6
A 6
B
Sampl
i
n gSi
te
s
5
.
0
0
.
0
1
A 1
B 2
A 2
B 3
A 3
B 4
A 4
B 5
A 5
B 6
A 6
B
Sampl
i
n gSi
te
s
Fig 4
.
Th eorg a noc h lorinec onc e
ntra tions,
suc h a s e
ndrin,c h lord
a ne
,
a nde
ndosulfa n,
wh ic h c onta m ina te
th ee
stua rinewa te
r c olum n of Cita rum R iv e
r,
b a se
don th esa m pling site
s
CONCLUSION
Se
di
me
n t Qu al
i
ty As
s
e
s
s
me
nt
I
Pj =
1
0.
0
3
0.
0
0
.
0
SNI0
669
90.
1
:
2
004
Fig 3
.
Th epollution le
ve
lc a te
g oryof org a noc h lorine
s
in th ese
d
im e
ntsurfa c eb a se
don CFm e
th od
Co n c e
n tr
ati
on (
μg/
l
)
Endrin
Co n c e
n tr
ati
on (
μg/
l
)
Co n c e
n tr
ati
on (
μg/
l
)
Fig 2
.
Th epollution le
ve
lc a te
g oryof org a noc h lorine
s
in th ewa te
r c olum n b a se
don PIm e
th od
Surfa c e
M id
st
Ba se
Sta nd
a rd
GasChr
o mato gr
a
phy
(
GC)v a
r
i
a
n t 45
0
wi
th
El
e
c tr
o n Ca
ptu r
e
De
te
c to r(
ECD)
Wate
r
C=sample concentration;
L=the concentration of quality standard
5
°
5
6
'
8
"
S
5
°
5
6
'
3
0
"
S
Fig 1
.
M a p of th esa m pling site
s
1
20
.
0
Sampl
eAn al
ys
i
s
Sampl
eExtr
acti
on
Conc e
ntra tion of h e
pta c h lor
e
ndosulfa n/
die
ldrin/
e
nd
rin (
μg/
kg )
Panta i Ba h a g ia
Villa g e
2km from e
stua rym outh
106°
59'
46"
E
&
M
M
&
4A4B
0
.
0
METHODOLOGY
Die
ld
rin
End
rin
He
pta c h lor
End
osulfa n
Ch lord
a ne
3
0
2
5
2
0
7
00
6
00
5
00
4
00
1
5
3
00
1
0
2
00
5
0
8
00
Conc e
ntra tion of c h lordane(
μg/
kg )
5A5B
1:100.000
9
.
0
Org
a
noc
hl
ori
ne
pest
i
c
i
des
org
a
noc
hl
ori
nes a
rest
i
l
l
presenti
nt
heenvi
ronme
nt
r
i
l20
18
Th estudywa s c onduc te
don Ap
During Lo w Ti
deCo n di
ti
on
a ndRa
i
n y Se
a
s
o n Pe
r
i
od
¯
1
2.
0
One of the pollutants
found in the Citarum
River is
M
&
&
M
107°
0'
8"
E
1:5.000
1
4
5
6A6B
of Citarum River
1
00
1
A1
B2
A2
B3
A3
B4
A4
B5
A5
B6
A6
B
Sampl
i
n gSi
te
s
0
Fig 5
.
Th eorg a noc h lorinec onc e
ntra tions
in th ee
stua rinese
dim e
ntof Cita rum R iv e
r,
b a se
don sa m pling site
s
The estuarine water column of the Citarum River was still found endosulfan and chlordane Support by:
with moderately polluted, as well as endrin with slightly polluted. Moreover, in the estuarine Agricultural Environment
sediment surface, chlordane had extremely high-level contamination, as well as heptachlor
Research Institute
Pati & Bogor, Indonesia
and dieldrin has moderately contamination level.