1. Synthesis of Nano-crystalline Hydroxyapatite from Dead Snail Shells Membuat hidroksiapatit dari cangkang siput. Bentuk partikel rata2 60-80nm. Dikristalisasi, kalsinasi. 2. Production of Activated Carbon and Characterization from Snail Shell Waste (Helix pomatia) Dicuci dengan air hangat Dikeringkan suhu 105c selama 3 jam, didinginkan Dikarbonisasi suhu 500,600, 700 dan 800 selama 3 jam. Setelah itu di karakterisasi 3. Snail Shell as an Inspiring Engineering Material in Science and Technology Development: A Review 4. Snail Shell derived natural Hydroxyapatite: Effects on NIH-3T3 cells for Orthopedic Applications Menggunakan cangkang keong sebagai precursor kalsium.