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DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... iii
DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR TABEL ................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR GRAFIK ............................................................................................. x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ xi
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang Masalah .................................................................. 1
B. Rumusan dan Batasan Masalah ....................................................... 8
C. Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................. 9
D. Manfaat Penelitian........................................................................... 11
BAB II
KAJIAN PUSTAKA
A. Pendekatan Scientific....................................................................... 12
B. Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ............................... 14
C. Kerangka Perencanaan Model PBL ............................................... 24
D. Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis ...................................................... 29
E. Kemandirian Belajar ........................................................................ 34
F. Model Pembelajaran Konvensional ................................................. 38
G. Teori-teori Belajar yang Mendukung .............................................. 39
H. Penelitian-Penelitian yang Relevan ................................................. 44
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I. Kerengaka Pemikiran ........................................................................ 47
J. Hipotesis Penelitian .......................................................................... 49
K. Operasioanal Variabel ..................................................................... 51
L. Sintaks PBL dengan Pendekatan Scientific dan Sintaks Pendekatan
Scientific ......................................................................................... 52
BAB III
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN
A. Metode Penelitian ............................................................................ 56
B. Desain Penelitian ............................................................................. 56
C. Populasi dan Sampel ....................................................................... 58
D. Teknik Pengumpulan data Instrumen Penelitian ............................. 59
E. Teknik Analisis Data ....................................................................... 74
F. Prosedur dan Jadwal Penelitian ....................................................... 83
G. Pengolahan Data .............................................................................. 87
BAB IV
HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN
A. Hasil Penelitian ............................................................................... . 88
B. Pembahasan Hasil Penelitian........................................................... 131
C. Kendala Penelitian ........................................................................... 155
BAB V
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
A. Kesimpulan ..................................................................................... 156
B. Implikasi .......................................................................................... 158
C. Saran ................................................................................................ 160
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................... 162
LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN .................................................................................. 167
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DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel
1.1
Nilai Hasil UTS, Ulangan Harian dan Keseharian ......................................
3
2.1
Tahap Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning ........................................... 25
2.2 Operasioanal Variabel ................................................................................... 53
3.1
Desain Quasy-Experiment ........................................................................... 59
3.2
Desain Faktorial ........................................................................................... 60
3.3
Pedoman Penskoran Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif ..................................... 63
3.4
Interpretasi Validitas Isi ............................................................................... 65
3.5
Klasifikasi Validitas..................................................................................... 66
3.6
Hasil Perhitungan Validitas Butir Soal ........................................................ 67
3.7
Interpretasi Koefisien Korelasi Reliabilitas ................................................. 68
3.8
Klasifikasi Daya Pembeda ........................................................................... 69
3.9
Perhitungan Daya Pembeda Soal Hasil Uji Coba ........................................ 69
3.10 Kriteria Tingkat Kesukaran .......................................................................... 70
3.11 Hasil Perhitungan Tingkat Kesukaran Soal Uji Coba ................................. 71
3.12 Rekapitulasi Hasil Uji Coba Instrumen Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis .................................................................................................... 71
3.13 Kriteria Indeks Gains ................................................................................... 81
4.1
Statistik Deskriptif Data Pra tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis ..................................................................................................... 87
4.2
Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pra tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis ..................................................................................................... 88
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4.3
Hasil Uji Nonparametric Pra Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis 91
4.4
Hasil Uji Anova Satu Jalur Pra tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis 92
4.5
Hasil Uji Post Hoc Skor Pra Tes Berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran ........... 92
4.6
Statistik Deskriptif Data Pasca tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis ..................................................................................................... 94
4.7
Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Pasca tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis ..................................................................................................... 95
4.8
Hasil Uji Nonparametric Data Pasca tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif
Matematis ..................................................................................................... 98
4.9
Hasil Uji Anova Satu Jalur Skor Pasca tes berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran 99
4.10 Hasil Uji Post Hoc skor Pasca tes Berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran ......... 99
4.11 Rekapitulasi Data Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis berdasarkan Jenis
Pembelajaran ................................................................................................ 102
4.12 Statistik Deskriptif Gain Ternormalisasi Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis... 103
4.13 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Gain Ternormalisasi Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis
...................................................................................................................... 104
4.14 Hasil Uji-t Data Gain Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis Kelas EKsperimen
Saintifik dengan kelas Eksperimen PBL ...................................................... 107
4.15 Hasil Uji-t Data Gain Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis Kelas EKsperimen
Saintifik dengan kelas kontrol ...................................................................... 108
4.16 Hasil Hasil Uji-t Data Gain Kemampuan Kreatif Matematis Kelas EKsperimen
PBL dengan kelas kontrol ............................................................................. .109
4.17 Hasil Uji Kruskal Wallis Skor Gain Berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran ...... .110
4.18 Statistik Deskriptif Hasil Angket Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik.......... 112
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4.19 Hasil Uji Normalitas Data Angket Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik ....... 113
4.20 Hasil Uji Kruskal Wallis Skor Angket Berdasarkan Model Pembelajaran .. 114
4.21 Hasil Uji Anova Satu Jalur Data Kemandirian Belajar Peserta Didik.......... 115
4.22 Hasil Uji Post Hoc Data Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik Berdasarkan Model
Pembelajaran................................................................................................. 116
4.23 Koefisien Regresi Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Matematis dengan Pendekatan
Saintifik terhadap Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik ................................. 118
4.24 Koefisien Regresi Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Matematis dengan Model PBL
terhadap Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik ................................................ 120
4.25 Koefisien Regresi Kemampuan Berfikir Kreatif Matematis dengan
Pembelajaran Konvensional terhadap Kemandirian Belajar Peserta didik .. 122
4.26 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru dengan Model PBL .................................... 123
4.27 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru dengan Model Saintifik ............................. 125
4.28 Interpretasi Jawaban Peserta Didik terhadap Hasil Wawancara................... 128
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
2.1
Bagan Fase PBL ........................................................................................... 16
2.2
Fase-Fase Kemandirian Belajar ................................................................... 46
2.3
Kerangka Berpikir Penelitian ....................................................................... 51
3.1
The Embedded Parallel Design ................................................................... 58
3.2 Prosedur Penelitian........................................................................................ 89
4.1 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pendekatan saintifik dengan
nilai tinggi ............................................................................................................. 134
4.2 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pendekatan saintifik dengan
nilai rendah ............................................................................................................ 135
4.3 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran model PBL
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 136
4.4 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran model PBL
dengan nilai rendah ............................................................................................... 136
4.5 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 137
4.6 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 138
4.7 Jawaban pasca tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pendekatan saintifik dengan
nilai tinggi ............................................................................................................. 139
4.8 Jawaban pasca tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pendekatan saintifik dengan
nilai rendah ............................................................................................................ 140
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4.9 Jawaban pasca tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran model PBL
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 141
4.10 Jawaban pasca tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran model PBL
dengan nilai rendah ............................................................................................... 142
4.11 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 143
4.12 Jawaban pra tes peserta didik yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional
dengan nilai tinggi ................................................................................................. 144
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DAFTAR GRAFIK
Halaman
Grafik 4.1 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes Awal (Pra tes) Kelas Eksperimen ............... 89
Grafik 4.2 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes Awal (Pra tes) Kelas Eksperimen ............... 89
Grafik 4.3 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes Awal (Pra tes) Kelas Kontrol..................... 90
Grafik 4.4 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes akhir (Pasca tes) Kelas Eksperimen ........... 96
Grafik 4.5 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes Akhir (Pasca tes) Kelas Eksperimen ..............96
Grafik 4.6 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Tes Akhir (Pasca tes) Kelas Kontrol ......................97
Grafik 4.7 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Gain Kelas Eksperimen ................................ 104
Grafik 4.7 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Gain Kelas Eksperimen ................................ 105
Grafik 4.7 Normalitas Q-Q Plot Gain Kelas Kontrol....................................... 106
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN A : BAHAN AJAR
A.1 Silabus ...................................................................................................... 151
A.2 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Kelas Eksperimen................ 158
A.3 Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran (RPP) Kelas Kontrol ...................... 190
A.4 Lembar Kerja Kelompok.......................................................................... 219
LAMPIRAN B : INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN
B.1 Lembar Pertimbangan Validitas Muka dan Validitas Isi ......................... 259
B.2 Soal Tes Kemampuan Awal Matematika (KAM) .................................... 264
B.3 Kisi-Kisi Soal Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis ......................... 266
B.4 Soal Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis .................................. 268
B.5 Kunci Jawaban Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis ................. 279
B.6 Kisi-kisi Skala Disposisi Matematis......................................................... 284
B.7 Skala Disposisi Matematis ....................................................................... 285
B.7 Lembar Observasi Guru dan Siswa .......................................................... 287
LAMPIRAN C : HASIL UJICOBA
C.1 Data Hasil Uji Coba Instrumen Tes.......................................................... 292
C.2 Validitas Tiap Butir Soal .......................................................................... 294
C.3 Reliabilitas ................................................................................................ 295
C.4 Daya Pembeda Tiap Butir Soal ................................................................ 296
C.5 Indeks Kesukaran TiapmButir Soal.......................................................... 300
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C.6 Validitas Hasil Ujicoba Skala Disposisi Matematis ................................. 301
C.7 Reliabilitas Hasil Ujicoba Skala Disposisi Matematis ............................. 302
LAMPIRAN D : DATA HASIL PENELITIAN
D.1 Hasil Data Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Kelas
Eksperimen .............................................................................................. 304
D.2 Hasil Data Tes Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis Kelas
Kontrol ..................................................................................................... 306
D.3 Hasil Rekapitulasi Skala Disposisi Matematis Siswa Kelas
Eksperimen .............................................................................................. 308
D.4 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Guru................................................................ 310
D.5 Hasil Observasi Aktivitas Siswa .............................................................. 313
LAMPIRAN E : ANALISIS DATA HASIL PENELITIAN
E.1 Analisis Data Pretes .................................................................................. 315
E.2 Analisis Data Postes ................................................................................. 319
E.3 Analisis N-Gain Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif Matematis ...................... 323
E.4 Analisis Data Skala Disposisi Matematis ................................................. 326
E.5 Analisis Data Regresi ............................................................................... 330
LAMPIRAN F : SURAT PENELITIAN
F.1 Surat-Surat Perijinan ................................................................................. 331
LAMPIRAN H : DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP PENELITI ................................ 333
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