ABSTRAK FR. HARYANTO, 2007. Dampak Instrumen Kebijakan Moneter Terhadap Perekonomian Indonesia : Suatu Analisis Jalur Mekanisme Transmisi Moneter. (BONAR M. SINAGA, sebagai Ketua, HERMANTO SIREGAR dan KOOSWARDONO MUDIKDJO sebagai Anggota Komisi Pembimbing). Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengeksplorasi jalur mekanisme transmisi kebijakan moneter dalam sistem moneter Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini (1) membangun model mekanisme moneter yang dapat mengintegrasikan berbagai alternatif jalur-jalur mekanisme transmisi kebijakan moneter, (2) menganalisa pengaruh perubahan instrumen kebijakan moneter dalam setiap jalur mekanisme transmisi moneter terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia, dan (3) mengkaji efektivitas jalurjalur mekanisme transmisi moneter terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia. Model makroekonometrika mekanisme transmisi moneter yang dibangun terdiri dari 18 persamaan simultan dan 4 persamaan identitas dan simulasi dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi 7 skenario jalur mekanisme transmisi transmisi moneter yang berbeda yaitu jalur tingkat sukubunga, jalur neraca, jalur kredit, jalur ekspektasi, jalur nilai tukar dan jalur langsung dalam 4 periode waktu yaitu periode sebelum krisis, krisis, transisi dan peramalan. Instrumen kebijakan moneter sukubunga, cadangan minimum, money supply, investasi, tingkat sukubunga sertifikat bank Indonesia, indeks harga konsumen dan uang primer menjadi instrumen moneter yang memiliki pengaruh yang kuat terhadap nilai tukar, tingkat inflasi dan pertumbuhan domestik bruto yang merupakan indikator kinerja perekonomian Indonesia. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan jalur mekanisme transmisi moneter terintegrasi pada model mekanisme transmisi moneter yang dibangun dan dapat menganalisis pengaruh instrumen kebijakan moneter pada jalur mekanisme transmisi moneter serta mengkaji efektivitasnya terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa mekanisme transmisi moneter jalur neraca (balance sheet channel) dan jalur ekspektasi (expectation channel) memiliki peran penting dan paling efektif dalam mempengaruhi kinerja perekonomian (nilai tukar, inflasi dan produk domestik bruto Indonesia). Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi otoritas moneter, penelitian lanjutan dan ilmu pengetahuan yaitu : (1) membangun model mekanisme transmisi moneter dalam bidang ekonomi moneter khususnya dalam hal jalur mekanisme transmisi kebijakan moneter. (2) memberikan alternatif bagi pemerintah khususnya Bank Indonesia sebagai otoritas moneter dalam memilih jalur mekanisme transmisi yang efektif dalam mentransmisikan kebijakan moneter terhadap kinerja perekonomian Indonesia. (3) memberikan kontribusi bagi pemerintah khususnya Bank Indonesia sebagai otoritas moneter dalam kaitan merumuskan kebijakan moneter. (4) untuk penelitian lebih lanjut dan perbaikan pemodelan dalam studi ekonomi moneter. Kata kunci : jalur-jalur mekanisme transmsisi moneter, instrumen moneter dan indikator makroekonomi. ABSTRACT FR. HARYANTO, 2007. Impact of The Monetary Policy Instrument on Indonesian Economy : A Monetary Transmission Mechanism Channel Analysis. (BONAR M. SINAGA as the Chairman, HERMANTO SIREGAR and KOOSWARDHONO MUDIKDJO as Members of the Advisory Committee). The purpose of this research is to explore the channel of transmission monetary policy mechanism in Indonesian monetary system. The objectives of this research are (1) to describe monetary transmission mechanism channel roles and intermediation function of banking sector to Indonesian economic performance, (2) to analyze monetary policy instrument changes in each monetary transmission mechanism channel that affect Indonesian economic performance effectiveness, and (3) to evaluate monetary transmission mechanism channel effectiffness to Indonesian performances economy. Macroeconometric monetary transmission mechanism model that consists of 18 simultaneous equations and 4 identity equations and simulation conducted to evaluate 7 different scenarios of monetary transmission mechanism channels are interest rate channel, balance sheet channel, bank lending channel, expectation channel, exchange rate channel and direct monetary channel in 4 periods, the pre crisis, the crisis, the transition and the forcast. Monetary policy instruments: interest rate, minimum reserve requirement, money supply, investment, SBI rate, consumer price index and base money become prime monetary variables which have strong influence to exchange rate, inflation rate and product domestic bruto as the performances of the Indonesian economy indicators. Simulation output shows monetary transmission mechanism, integrated in monetary transmission mechanism models which have been developed in this research and can analyse the influence of monetary policy instruments in monetary transmission channels and evaluate monetary transmission mechanism channels effectivity to Indonesian economy performance. This research conclude that balance sheet and expectation channels in the monetary transmission mechanism have very important and the most effective roles in the influence of economic performance (exchange rate, inflation rate and Indonesian product domestic bruto) This research is expected to give contribution to monetary authority, further research and knowledge, they are (1) to develop monetary transmission mechanism model in monetary economy area especially in monetary transmission mechanism policy channels, (2) to give alternatives for government especially Bank Indonesia as monetary authority in choosing the most effective transmission mechanism to transmitted monetary policy to Indonesian economic performance (3) to give contribution to government especially Bank Indonesia in monetary policy creation and (4) to give further, development research and the modelling improvement in monetary economic studies. Key words: monetary transmission mechanism channels, monetary instruments and macroeconomic Indicators.