Analytical Method Validation Definition and Protocol

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TRANSFORMASI GEN
Ir. Makhziah, MP
UPN “Veteran” Jawa Timur
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Transformasi Gen
Masuknya gen target (DNA
rekombinan) ke dalam sel inang.
Proses Transfer Gen:
a. Biologis
b. Mekanis
c. Kimia
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A. TRANSFER GEN SECARA BIOLOGIS
Hasil cloning gen
dikonjugasi, antara:
pBR322 + pGV 3850
(E. coli)
(Agrobacterium)
Jenis Agrobacterium:
1. Agrobacterium Tumefacient
2. Agrobacterium Rhizogen
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1. Agrobacterium tumefaciens (At)
Penyebab tumor
“CROWN GALL”
sintesis asam amino “OPINE”
sumber carbon & nitrogen
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Nama Plasmid : Ti (Tumor inducing)
sifat : stabil dalam At. pada suhu < 30 C
Segmen Ti :
 Transfer DNA (T-DNA)
 Virulence (Vir)
 Konjugasi
 Replikasi plasmid
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2. Agrobacterium Rhizogene (Ar)
Penyebab ” Hairy Root “
Nama Plasmid : Ri (Root Inducing)
Segmen : sama dg At
 Transfer DNA (T-DNA)
 Virulence (Vir)
 Konjugasi
 Replikasi plasmid
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MEKANISME TRANSFER DNA
Agrobacterium
menginfeksi sel tanaman
Eksudate
Asetosyringone (AS)
Induksi transkripsi gen-gen vir.
Aktifasi:
Gen vir. A
Gen vir. G
Gen vir. D
Gen vir. E
“Single stranded nick” “
Lepasnya single stranded “T-DNA”
Integrasi dalam sel tanaman
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MEKANISME TRANSFER GEN
MELALUI Ti PLASMID
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IDENTIFIKASI TRANSFORMASI
a. Plasmid dimasuki gen ketahanan antibiotik
(selectable marker)
misal: KANAMYCIN RESISTANCE
b. Analisis DNA
PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction)
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B. SECARA MEKANIS
a. Microinjection
Cara :
Immobilisasi :
1. Immobilisasi protoplas
2. Holding Pipette mobilization
Polylisine
Efisiensi Transformasi tergantung :
Lokasi injeksi
Bentuk fisik DNA
Konsentrasi DNA
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TEKNIK MIKRO INJEKSI
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MIKRO INJEKSI pada KENTANG & BAWANG MERAH
Microinjection into the cell
of a potato callus.
Using fine cannulae, DNA that
codes for a fluorescent protein
was inserted into onion cells. Two
days after the injection, the green
dye can be seen. The integration
of the foreign DNA into the onion
genome was successful
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b. Electroporation
Listrik tegangan tinggi (± 2500 V)
“Reversible Break-Down” membran protoplas
DNA masuk ke protoplas
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi :
1. Voltage
2. Waktu
3. Umur sel/jaringan
4. Bagian tanaman
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PROSES TRANSFER GEN CARA ELEKTROPORASI
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PERALATAN ELEKTROPORASI
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ELEKTROPORASI PADA JAGUNG
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Particle Bombardment
Digunakan untuk memasukkan DNA/ gen ke
dalam tanaman yang sulit diregenerasikan dari
protoplas
Particle :
Gold
Coated DNA/Gene
Tungsten
Yang digunakan gas : Helium
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PERALATAN PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT
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MEKANISME PENEMBAKAN GEN
by PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT
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PENEMBAKAN GEN PADA TANAMAN PISANG
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The End
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