LAPORAN AKHIR PENELITIAN UNGGULAN

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LAPORAN AKHIR
PENELITIAN UNGGULAN PERGURUAN TINGGI
Peningkatan Potensi Produksi Kedelai dengan Transformasi
Gen-gen Inorganic Carbon Transporter (ictB),
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase (PEPC) dan
Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase (PCK)
Tahun ke-1 dari rencana 3 tahun
Oleh:
Ketua
Anggota
: Prof.Ir. Liliek Sulistyowati, PhD
: Prof.Dr.Ir Bambang Guritno
Mochammad Roviq, SP. MP
(NIDN: 0012125508)
(NIDN: 0007064501)
(NIDN: 0005017503)
Dibiayai oleh:
Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi,
Kementrian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Melalui DIPA Universitas Brawijaya
Nomor: 023.04.2.414989/2014, Tanggal 5 Desember 2013 dan berdasarkan
SK Rektor Univesitas Brawijaya Nomor 157 Tahun 2014 Tanggal 10 April 2014
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
Oktober 2014
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RINGKASAN
Upaya peningkatan produksi kedelai nasional melalui teknologi budidaya dan
perluasan lahan tidak mampu membebaskan Indonesia dari impor kedelai yang terus
meningkat selama 5 tahun terakhir. Kendala rendahnya hasil bersih fotosintesis akibat
fotorespirasi pada kedelai sebagai tanaman C3 yang terjadi pada kondisi CO2 rendah dan suhu
tinggi berakibat pada rendahnya pertumbuhan dan hasil biji. Pemuliaan kedelai untuk
meningkatkan laju dan efisiensi fotosintesis menyerupai jalur C4 diharapkan mampu
meningkatkan produktifitasnya hingga 30% lebih tinggi. Gen-gen jalur fotosintesis C4 yaitu
PEPC pemfiksasi CO2, PCK penyedia CO2 pada siklus Calvin dan gen ictB cyanobacteri
pengakumulasi CO2 dari HCO3- akan ditransformasi pada kedelai. Penelitian bertujuan untuk
1) transformasi gen ictB, PEPC dan PCK untuk mengetahui tingkat ekspresi gen-gen tersebut
dalam kedelai 2) Meningkatkan laju fotosintesis melalui transformasi gen ictB, PEPC dan
PCK baik tunggal maupun kombinasi. Seluruh tahapan penelitian tahun pertama sudah
selesai dilakukan yaitu meliputi penanaman kedelai untuk menghasilkan polen, perbanyakan
pCAMBIA1301 pembawa gen PEPC, insersi gen pada polen sebagai vektor melalui
elektroporasi, penyerbukan polen yang telah membawa gen PEPC pada stigma kedelai untuk
menghasilkan biji, tahap pembenihan, evaluasi atau identifikasi keberadaan gen PEPC pada
tanaman yang diharapkan tertransformasi dan perbanyakan benih kedelai transforman (T1 ke
T2).
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