xi POTENSI SIMPANAN KARBON DI KAWASAN

POTENSI SIMPANAN KARBON DI KAWASAN REHABILITASI
MANGROVE TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI, BALI
INTISARI
Oleh:
Ida Ayu Diah Widyantari1
Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai merupakan kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove
terbesar di Provinsi Bali dengan luas 1.373,50 ha. Kegiatan rehabilitasi ini
memiliki banyak tujuan salah satunya mengembalikan fungsi ekosistem mangrove
sebagai penyimpan karbon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk mengetahui
simpanan karbon yang ada di atas dan di bawah permukaan tanah, serta karbon di
dalam tanah hutan rehabilitasi mangrove, dan (2) untuk mengetahui dinamika
simpanan karbon hutan rehabilitasi mangrove Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai.
Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan metode sistematic sampling dimana
kawasan dibagi dalam 34 grid dengan luas tiap grid sebesar 10.000 m2. Satu petak
ukur dibuat dalam setiap grid untuk mengetahui besarnya simpanan karbon yang
terdapat di atas dan di bawah permukaan tanah dengan cara mengukur diameter
pohon dan identifikasi jenis mangrove. Pada petak ukur yang sama juga dilakukan
pengambilan sampel tanah terusik untuk mengetahui besar karbon organik yang
terdapat di dalam substrat lumpur dan sampel tanah tidak terusik untuk
mengetahui nilai bulk density. Dinamika simpanan carbon diperoleh dengan
menghitung nilai Current Carbon Stock (CCS), Carbon Carrying Capacity
(CCC), dan Carbon Sequestration Potential (CSP) kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove
Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan besar simpanan karbon kawasan rehabilitasi
mangrove Taman Hutan Raya Ngurah Rai yaitu: (a) total simpanan karbon di atas
permukaan tanah (AGC) sebesar 10.803.114,24 ton C dengan densitas sebesar
7.865,39 + 5.756,10 ton C/ha; (b) total simpanan karbon di bawah permukaan
tanah (BGC) sebesar 7.095.243,46 ton C dengan densitas sebesar 5.165,81 +
3.661,24 ton C/ha; dan (c) simpanan karbon di dalam tanah sebesar 57.458.918,73
ton C dengan densitas sebesar 41.833,94 + 26.035,54 ton C/ha. Total simpanan
karbon aktual (CCS) di dalam kawasan rehabilitasi mangrove Taman Hutan Raya
Ngurah Rai adalah 75.357.276,42 ton C. Ada sekitar 60,02 ha lahan yang
mengalami perubahan tata guna lahan di dalam kawasan Tahura sehingga
mempengaruhi jumlah CCS. Dengan mempertimbangkan beberapa plot yang
diasumsikan vegetasinya tidak mengalami kerusakan, maka jumlah simpanan
karbon maksimal (CCC) kawasan adalah 88.156.591,43 ton C. Oleh karena itu,
potensi simpanan karbon yang hilang (CSP) adalah 12.799.315,01 ton C.
Berdasarkan nilai CSP, sekitar 233,29 ha kawasan mangrove perlu di rehabilitasi
untuk mengembalikan jumlah simpanan karbon.
Kata kunci: biomassa, karbon, mangrove, rehabilitasi, Tahura Ngurah Rai.
1
Mahasiswa Jurusan Konservasi Sumber Daya Hutan, Fakultas Kehutanan,
Universitas Gadjah Mada
xi
THE POTENTIAL OF CARBON STORED IN MANGROVE
REHABILITATION AREA NGURAH RAI GRAND FOREST, BALI
ABSTRACT
By:
Ida Ayu Diah Widyantari1
Ngurah Rai Grand Forest is the largest mangrove rehabilitation area in Bali
which is about 1,373.5 ha. One of the objectives the rehabilitation activities was to
establish the fuctions of mangrove ecosystem as a carbon sink. This study aimed
(1) to estimate the above ground biomass carbon, the below ground biomass
carbon and the soil carbon (2) to estimate the dynamic of carbon stored in the
mangrove rehabilitation area of Ngurah Rai Grand Forest.
Systematic sampling aproach was applied by dividing the area into 34 grids
of 10,000 m2. One plot was established in each grid to estimated the amount of
above and below ground biomass carbon by measuring tree diameter and
identifying the mangrove species within the plot. Disturbed and undisturbed soil
samples were also collected from the plot to estimate the organic carbon content
in the mud subtrate and to estimate the bulk density, respectively. The dynamic of
the amount of carbon stock was identified by calculating Current Carbon Stock
(CCS), Carbon Carrying Capacity (CCC) and Carbon Sequestration Potential
(CSP) in mangrove rehabilition area, Ngurah Rai Grand Forest.
The results showed that the amount of carbon stored in the mangrove
rehabilition area consists of: (a) the total of above ground carbon (AGC) was
10,803,114.24 ton C with the carbon density of 7,865.39 + 5,756.10 ton C/ha; (b)
the total of below ground carbon (BGC) was 7,095,243.46 ton C with the carbon
density of 5,165.81 + 3,661.24 ton C/ha; and (c) the total of soil carbon was
57,458,918.73 ton C with the carbon density of 41,833.94 + 26,035.54 ton C/ha.
In total, the current carbon stock (CCS) in the mangrove rehabilition area of
Ngurah Rai Grand Forest was 75,357,276.42 ton C. Within the grand forest, some
rehabilitation areas of 60.02 ha had changed into other land uses which
contributed to the amount of CCS. By considering plots with undisturbed
vegetation condition, the carbon carrying capasity of the area was 88,156,591.43
ton C. Therefore, the CSP which is lost was 12,799,315.01 ton C. Based on the
amount of CSP, around 233.29 ha of mangrove area should be restored of offset
the carbon stock.
Keywords: biomass, carbon, mangrove, rehabilitation, Ngurah Rai Grand Forest
1
A Student of Forest Resource Concervation Department, Faculty of Forestry,
Gadjah Mada University
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