usulan penelitian

Pengaruh Investasi dan Produktifitas Investasi terhadap Produk Domestik Regional
Bruto, Studi di Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta
Oleh : Suheriyatmono
(STIE Bina Darma Ulu Palembang Sumatera Selatan)
ABSTRACT
Stuart R.Lynn’s statement, on the advanced countries, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was
affected dominantly by investment productivity rather than by its investment. Meanwhile, on the
developing countries, GDP was affected dominantly by investment rather than by the productivity.
Within connection of Lynn’s proposal, the purpose of this research is to find out the influence of
investment and investment productivity of domestic, foreign, and government on Gross Domestic
Regional Product (GDRP) of DKI Jakarta region with the purpose to investigate: how far the
influences of investment and investment productivity of domestic, foreign and government
simultaneously and partially on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region and to analyze the difference of the
influence among the kind of investment and its productivity on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region.
This research used explanatory study that is to explain relationship among variables and
hypotheses testing about the existence of the relationship among variables. Research data are
secondary data concerning GDRP, domestic investment, foreign investment, and government
investment which collected since 1991 up to 2007. The hypotheses about influences of domestic, foreign
and government investment and their productivity on GDRP, both simultaneously and partially, are
tested using Multiple Linear Regression Analysis through the Ordinary Least Square method under 5%
level of significance.
The influences of domestic, foreign and government investment and their productivity
simultaneously on GDRP of DKI Jakarta region are significant and very strong. Partially, government
investment, government investment productivity and domestic investment productivity has positive
effect on GDRP. Foreign investment productivity has negative effect, while the influences of domestic
and foreign investment don’t have significant impact. Besides, this research has found differences of
the influence among the kind of investment and among the kind of investment productivity. However,
GDRP growth was more affected by the government investment.
It has been revealed that the influence of government investment is stronger than its investment
productivity. It is also shown the influence of domestic investment is stronger than its investment
productivity. For foreign investment, the influence of the investment has positive sign, meanwhile the
investment productivity has negative sign. The elasticity trend of productivity of domestic and foreign
investment increased, meanwhile elasticity of government investment decreased. Also it has been found
the existence of negative correlation among investment with its productivity consistently from domestic,
foreign and government sources.
This research succeed to prove that GDRP of DKI Jakarta is more influenced dominantly by
accumulation of investment rather than by its productivity. The result of this research recommends that
the investment productivity factor is the factor that must be attention and more increasing it’s role by
every stakeholder. That’s mean to decrease load of investment accumulation that’s forever using the
capital addition.
PENDAHULUAN
Dalam penelitiannya, Lynn (2003, h.73)
berpendapat bahwa di negara-negara maju
perkembangan
PDB
tidak
hanya
dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi investasi tetapi
lebih
dominan
dipengaruhi
oleh
produktivitas investasi. Sebaliknya di
negara berkembang dan miskin hal tersebut
lebih dominan dipengaruhi oleh akumulasi
investasi daripada produktivitas investasi.
Di negara berkembang, kalaupun pengaruh
produktivitas investasi positif tetapi
pengaruhnya kecil karena antara lain
pemanfaatan kapital yang minim karena
tidak menguasai teknologi atau teknologi
tidak dipakai sebagaimana mestinya untuk
peningkatan produktivitas, di samping itu
faktor-faktor
infrastruktur,
keamanan,
birokrasi/perizinan, SDM/perburuhan tidak
memadai. Pengembangan
produktivitas
71
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