Overview of Systems Development Management Information

Chapter 13
Membangun Sistem
(Building Systems)
13.1
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Menunjukkan bagaimana membangun sistem baru
menghasilkan perubahan organisasi.
• Mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan kegiatan inti
dalam proses pengembangan sistem.
• Mengevaluasi metode alternatif untuk membangun
sistem informasi.
• Bandingkan metodologi alternatif untuk sistem
pemodelan.
• Mengidentifikasi dan menggambarkan pendekatan
baru untuk Pembangunan sistem di era perusahaan
digital.
13.2
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
A New Ordering System for Girl Scout Cookies
• Problem: Inefficient manual procedures, high error
rate.
• Solutions: Eliminate manual procedures, design new
ordering process, and implement database building
software to batch and track orders automatically and
schedule order pickups.
• QuickBase for Corporate Workgroups software
service increased efficiency and reduced errors.
• Demonstrates IT’s role in updating traditional
business processes.
• Illustrates digital technology as the focus of
designing and building new information systems.
13.3
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Systems as Planned Organizational Change
• Pengembangan sistem dan perubahan organisasi
Rekayasa ulang proses bisnis
• Langkah-langkah dalam rekayasa ulang yang efektif
• Perbaikan proses: manajemen proses bisnis, manajemen
kualitas total, dan six sigma
•
•
•
•
13.4
Manajemen proses bisnis (Business process management –BPM)
Manajemen kualitas total (Total quality management -TQM)
six sigma
Bagaimana sistem informasi mendukung peningkatan kualitas
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Systems as Planned Organizational Change
Perubahan organisasi Membawa Risiko dan Imbalan
The most common forms of organizational change are automation and rationalization. These
relatively slow-moving and slow-changing strategies present modest returns but little risk. Faster
and more comprehensive change—such as reengineering and paradigm shifts—carries high
rewards but offers substantial chances of failure.
Figure 13-1
13.5
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Systems as Planned Organizational Change
Business Process Redesign at the Small Business
Administration
• Read the Interactive Session: Organizations, and then
discuss the following questions:
• What was wrong with the existing computer system (ALCS)
and why did SBA decide to replace it?
• What was the purpose of re-organizing the ODA and
centralizing IT in a single office, and centralizing other
functions like the call center in a single office?
• In what other ways could the agency use information systems
to improve the process of loan application, approval, and
maintenance?
13.6
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Overview of Systems Development
• Analisis sistem
• Menetapkan persyaratan informasi
• Sistem desain
• Peran pengguna akhir
• Menyelesaikan proses pengembangan sistem
• Pemrograman
• Pengujian
• Konversi
• Produksi dan Pemeliharaan
13.7
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Overview of Systems Development
The Systems Development Process
Building a system can be broken down into six core activities.
Figure 13-3
13.8
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Overview of Systems Development
• Modeling and designing systems: Structured and
object-oriented methodologies
• Structured methodologies
• Object-oriented development
• Computer-aided software engineering
13.9
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Overview of Systems Development
High-Level Structure Chart for a Payroll System
This structure chart shows the highest or most abstract level of design for a payroll system, providing an overview of the entire system.
Figure 13-6
13.10
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Overview of Systems Development
Class and Inheritance
This figure illustrates how classes inherit the common features of their superclass.
Figure 13-7
13.11
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Alternative Systems-Building Approaches
• Traditional systems life cycle
• Prototyping
• Steps in prototyping
• Advantages and disadvantages of prototyping
• End-user development
• Application software packages and outsourcing
13.12
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Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Application Development for the Digital Firm
• Rapid application development (RAD)
• Component-based development and Web services
• Web services and service-oriented computing
13.13
© 2007 by Prentice Hall
Management Information Systems
Chapter 13 Building Systems
Application Development for the Digital Firm
How to Get Outsourcing Right: Avoid Getting It Wrong
• Read the Interactive Session: Management, and then
discuss the following questions:
• What is the basis for vendor firms claiming they can provide
IT services more economically than a firm’s own IT staff?
• Why is it difficult to write iron-clad legal contracts specifying
in detail strategic alliance outsourcing relationships?
• Why do joint ventures and co-sourcing outsourcing
relationships have a better chance of success?
13.14
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