ABSTRACT Background: In Indonesia, toddlers mortality rate is still

ABSTRACT
Background: In Indonesia, toddlers mortality rate is still high, this is due to the
state of malnutrition. Shortage of one nutrient can lead to deficiency diseases.
Nutritional problems are reflection of the consumption of energy, protein and
other nutrients that the body needs. The prevalence of malnutrition toddlers and
malnutrition indicators based on weight/ age in Maluku Province is still high
enough at 9.3% and 18.5% higher than the national prevalence of 5.4% and 13.0%
(Riskesdas, 2007). While the prevalence of malnutrition toddlers and malnutrition
on the island of Nusalaut was 0.9% and 9.8%. patterns and habits eat its not well
is one cause health problems and incorrect nutritional. A diet Nusalaut Island
communities mostly local consuming foods (tubers and sago).
Objective: Knowing the relationship diet and nutrient intake with the nutritional
status of toddlers in Nusalaut Island The Central Maluku District.
Method: Type of observational study using Cross-sectional design with a
measuring device such as questionnaires and 24-hour recall form. Subjects were
children aged 0-60 months in Nusalaut Island The Central Maluku District. The
sampling conducted on the entire population who meet the inclusion and
exclusion criteria with a population of 368 toddlers. Univariate data analysis using
frequency distribution and bivariate using Chi-square,
Result: Diet according to the type of food category 61.7% is not good, according
to the frequency of eating meals 80.4% either category, 63.3% of energy intake is
low category, 52.2% protein intake enough categories. Nutritional status index of
weight against age 51.6% less category, nutritional status index of height to age
63.6% normal category, nutritional status index of weight to height 70.9% normal
category. Meal frequency relationship with the nutritional status index weight for
age and index body weight to height significantly. Relationship of energy intake
and nutritional status index weight against age and the index of height to age
significantly. Relationship of protein intake with the nutritional status index of
weight against age and height for age index significantly.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between diet by eating frequency
with the nutritional status index of weight for age and index of body weight to
height. But there is no relationship between the type of food with the nutritional
status index of weight for age, index of height to age, and the index weight to
height, and there was no relationship eating frequency and nutritional status index
of height to age. There is a significant relationship between energy intake and
protein intake with the nutritional status index of weight for age and nutritional
status index of height to age, but there is no relationship between energy intake
and protein intake with the nutritional status index of weight to height.
Keywords: Diet, Nutrition Intake, Nutritional status, Toddler
INTISARI
Latar Belakang: Angka kematian balita masih cukup tinggi di Indonesia, hal ini
disebabkan oleh keadaan gizi yang buruk. Kekurangan salah satu zat gizi dapat
menimbulkan penyakit defisiensi. Masalah gizi merupakan refleksi dari konsumsi
energi, protein dan zat-zat gizi lainnya yang diperlukan tubuh. Prevalensi balita
gizi buruk dan gizi kurang berdasarkan indikator BB/U di Provinsi Maluku masih
cukup tinggi yaitu 9,3% dan 18,5% lebih tinggi dari prevalensi nasional yaitu
5,4% dan 13,0% (Riskesdas,2007). Sedangkan prevalensi balita gizi buruk dan
gizi kurang di pulau Nusalaut adalah 0,9% dan 9,8%. Pola dan kebiasaan makan
yang tidak baik merupakan salah satu sebab timbulnya masalah kesehatan dan gizi
salah. Pola makan masyarakat pulau Nusalaut sebagian besar mengkonsumsi
makanan lokal (umbi-umbian dan sagu).
Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dan asupan zat gizi
dengan status gizi balita di Pulau Nusalaut Kabupaten Maluku Tengah.
Metode penelitian: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan
rancangan Cross-sectional dengan subyek penelitian adalah anak usia 0-60 bulan
di pulau Nusalaut Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan
pada keseluruhan populasi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan
jumlah sampel adalah 368 balita. Analisa data secara univariat menggunakan
distribusi frekuensi dan bivariat menggunakan Chi-square.
Hasil: Pola makan menurut jenis makanan 61,7% kategori tidak baik, pola makan
menurut frekuensi makan 80,4% kategori baik, asupan energi 63,3% kategori
rendah, asupan protein 52,2% kategori cukup. Status gizi indeks BB/U 51,6%
kategori kurang, status gizi indeks TB/U 63,6% kategori normal, status gizi indeks
BB/TB 70,9% kategori normal. Hubungan frekuensi makan dengan status gizi
indeks BB/U dan indeks BB/TB bermakna. Hubungan asupan energi dan asupan
protein dengan status gizi indeks BB/U dan indeks TB/U bermakna.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara frekuensi makan dengan
status gizi indeks BB/U dan BB/TB, asupan energi dan asupan protein dengan
status gizi indeks BB/U dan TB/U. Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis
makanan dengan status gizi indeks BB/U, TB/U, dan BB/TB, frekuensi makan
dengan status gizi indeks TB/U, asupan energi dan asupan protein dengan status
gizi indeks BB/TB.
KATA KUNCI: Pola Makan, Asupan Zat Gizi, Status Gizi, Balita
13