Land Classification and Use

Bahan Kajian MK. STELA - Landuse Planing
KLASIFIKASI
LANDUSE
Smno.jurtnh.fpubdes2013
Land is more than soil
1. Natural and artificial characteristics of an area to be used
for agricultural or other purposes
2. Includes renewable and nonrenewable resources plus
improvements
Land
1. The surface of the
earth not covered
with water
2. Maybe temporarily
or permenently
covered with water
3. A pond for
aquaculture is
considered land
Lahan tergenang air
hujan secara musiman
Lahan Tanaman - Cropland
1. Used for
growing crops
2. Crops grown
typically
improve the
tilth of the
land
Pengolahan tanah untuk memperbaiki kualitas tanah
sebagai media tumbuh tanaman
Major Characteristics of Cropland
1. Soil - Large impact on productivity. Soil
texture, nutrients and internal structure
2. Climate - average of water conditions over a
long time
3. Topography - form or outline of the surface
of the earth
4. Water supply - amount of water available
for crops
Major Characteristics of Cropland
• Subsurface conditions - Soil textures,
hardpans
• Pollution - can prevent plant growth
Alternative Uses
1. Best land use is
determined by how
the land will give the
most benefits to
people.
2. Which use will give
the highest returns
3. What will happen if
productive cropland is
used for other
purposes?
Konversi lahan sawah
menjadi perumahan
Land Capability
1. Suitability of land for
agricultural uses.
2. Usage should not
cause damage to the
land although
nutients maybe
removed
Pengelolaan sawah untuk memperbaiki kualitas tanah
sebagai media tumbuh bawang merah
Lahan Pertanian - Arable land
1. Land that can be used for row crops
2. Can be tilled
3. Alternatives include pasture and forest
crops
Perbaikan Lahan - Land Improvement
Empat praktek
pengelolaan lahan
pertanian:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Irrigation
Erosion Control
Drainage
Forming (land
forming)- surface is
smoothed or
reshaped.
Pengelolaan lahan miring untuk memperbaiki kualitas
tanah (slope) sebagai media tumbuh sayuran
Sifat Olah Tanah - Soil Tilth
• Physical
condition of the
soil that makes it
easy or difficult
to work
– Poor tilth has
hard clod
– Maybe very wet
or very dry
Pengolahan lahan dengan sistem guludan untuk memperbaiki
kondisi drainage, sebagai media tumbuh tomat
Capability Factors
Characteristics of land that determine its
best use
–Surface texture
• proportion of sand, silt, clay down to about 7
inches
• three major classifications
–sandy
–loamy
–clayey
Internal drainage
1. Permeability- movement of water and air
through soil
2. Directly related to nutrient content
3. Classified as very slow, slow, moderate and
rapid
– water quickly soaks into sandy soil with high
permeability
– soils with clay have slow permeability
Kedalaman Tanah - Soil Depth
1. Thickness of the soil layers
2. Requirement depends upon type of crop
to be produced
3. Four soil depths are used
a.
b.
c.
d.
very shallow - less than 10 inches
shallow - 10 to 20 inches
moderately deep - 20 to 36 inches
deep - over 36 inches
4. Shallow soils are often the result of
erosion
Erosi Tanah
1. Kehilanganb material topsoil oleh angin dan air hujan
2. Empat Kategori:
a. very severe erosion- 75% or more and large gullies are
present
b. severe erosion - 75% of soil has eroded but no large
gullies present
c. moderate erosion- 25 to 75% of soil has eroded with small
gullies present
d. none to slight erosion - less than 25% of soil has eroded
and no gullies are present
Kemiringan - Slope
1. The rise and fall of the elevation of the
land
2. Diukur dalam Persen (%)
3. Important in determining the best use of
the land
Limpasan Permukaan - Surface Runoff
• Water from rain, snow, or
other precipitation that
does not soak into the
ground
• Can be reduced by
conservation practices
– chopping stalks
– terraces
– ground cover
Pengolahan lahan dengan mulsa plastik untuk konservasi
lengas tanah bagi tanaman tomat
Kelas Kapabilitas Lahan
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Assigning a number to land
Eight classes used
I to VIII with I being the best arability
Class I to IV can be cultivated
V to VIII tend to have high slope or low and wet
Kelas-Kelas
• Class I - Very good land
– Very few limitations
– deep soil and nearly level
– can be cropped every year as long as land is
taken care of
• Class II - Good land
– has deep soil
– may require moderate attention to conservation
practices
• Class III - moderately good land
– crops must be more carefully selected
– often gently sloping hills
– terraces and stripcropping are more often used
• Class IV - fairly good land
– lowest class cultivated
– on hills with more slope than class III
• Class V - Unsuited for cultivation
– can be used for pasture crops and cattle
grazing, hay crops or tree farming
– often used for wildlife or recreation areas
• Class VI - Not suited for row crops
– too much slope
– usually damaged by erosion with gullies
– can be used for trees, wildlife habitat, and
recreation
• Class VII - Highly unsuited for cultivation
– has severe limitations
– permanent pastures, forestry, wildlife
– slope is usually over 12 percent
– large rock surfaces and boulders may be found
– very little soil present
Class VIII
1. Cannot be used for row crops or other crops, due
to steeping land
2. often lowland covered with water
3. soil maybe wet or high in clay
4. aquatic crops maybe grown there
5. used for waterfowl habitat